Citation:

nclimate1855

Name: Spatial community shift from hard to soft corals in acidified water
Published: 2013
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Sarcophyton elegans; Single species; Temperate

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS Citation BibTeX Citation Text Citation Facebook Twitter

Abstract:

Anthropogenic increases in the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) cause ocean acidification, declining calcium carbonate saturation states, reduced coral reef calcification and changes in the compositions of marine communities. Most projected community changes due to ocean acidification describe transitions from hard coral to non-calcifying macroalgal communities; other organisms have received less attention, despite the biotic diversity of coral reef communities. We show that the spatial distributions of both hard and soft coral communities in volcanically acidified, semi-enclosed waters off Iwotorishima Island, Japan, are related to pCO2 levels. Hard corals are restricted to non-acidified low- pCO2 (225 µatm) zones, dense populations of the soft coral Sarcophyton elegans dominate medium- pCO2 (831 µatm) zones, and both hard and soft corals are absent from the highest- pCO2 (1,465 µatm) zone. In CO2-enriched culture experiments, high- pCO2 conditions benefited Sarcophyton elegans by enhancing photosynthesis rates and did not affect light calcification, but dark decalcification (negative net calcification) increased with increasing pCO2. These results suggest that reef communities may shift from reef-building hard corals to non-reef-building soft corals under pCO2 levels (550-970 µatm) predicted by the end of this century, and that higher pCO2 levels would challenge the survival of some reef organisms.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Sarcophyton elegans; Single species; Temperate

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-10-15.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Inoue, Shihori
2	Sample ID	Sample ID		Inoue, Shihori
3	Treatment	Treat		Inoue, Shihori
4	Dry mass	Dry m	g	Inoue, Shihori		soft coral
5	Mass	Mass	g	Inoue, Shihori		seawater in chamber
6	Irradiance	E	µmol/m²/s	Inoue, Shihori
7	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Inoue, Shihori		average
8	Time in days	Time	days	Inoue, Shihori
9	Salinity	Sal		Inoue, Shihori		start
10	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Potentiometric titration	start
11	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	start
12	pH	pH		Inoue, Shihori	Potentiometric	start, NBS scale
13	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	start
14	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	start
15	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	start
16	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	start
17	Salinity	Sal		Inoue, Shihori		final
18	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Potentiometric titration	final
19	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	final
20	pH	pH		Inoue, Shihori	Potentiometric	final, NBS scale
21	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	final
22	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	final
23	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	final
24	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	final
25	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Potentiometric titration	average
26	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	average
27	pH	pH		Inoue, Shihori	Potentiometric	average, NBS scale
28	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	average
29	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	average
30	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	average
31	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Inoue, Shihori	Calculated using CO2SYS	average
32	Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen	PN O2	µmol/g/h	Inoue, Shihori
33	Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate	NC CaCO3	µmol/g/h	Inoue, Shihori
34	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
36	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
40	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
42	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

3360 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Species	2 Sample ID	3 Treat	4 Dry m [g] (soft coral)	5 Mass [g] (seawater in chamber)	6 E [µmol/m²/s]	7 Temp [°C] (average)	8 Time [days]	9 Sal (start)	10 AT [µmol/kg] (start, Potentiometric titration)	11 DIC [µmol/kg] (start, Calculated using CO2SYS)	12 pH (start, NBS scale, Potentiometric)	13 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (start, Calculated using CO2SYS)	14 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (start, Calculated using CO2SYS)	15 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (start, Calculated using CO2SYS)	16 CO2 [µmol/kg] (start, Calculated using CO2SYS)	17 Sal (final)	18 AT [µmol/kg] (final, Potentiometric titration)	19 DIC [µmol/kg] (final, Calculated using CO2SYS)	20 pH (final, NBS scale, Potentiometric)	21 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (final, Calculated using CO2SYS)	22 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (final, Calculated using CO2SYS)	23 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (final, Calculated using CO2SYS)	24 CO2 [µmol/kg] (final, Calculated using CO2SYS)	25 AT [µmol/kg] (average, Potentiometric titra...)	26 DIC [µmol/kg] (average, Calculated using CO2SYS)	27 pH (average, NBS scale, Potentiom...)	28 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (average, Calculated using CO2SYS)	29 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (average, Calculated using CO2SYS)	30 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (average, Calculated using CO2SYS)	31 CO2 [µmol/kg] (average, Calculated using CO2SYS)	32 PN O2 [µmol/g/h]	33 NC CaCO3 [µmol/g/h]	34 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	35 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	36 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	37 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	38 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	39 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	40 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	41 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	42 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-1	low CO2	0.480	800.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.3610	2242.7	1981.2	8.032	394.1	1782.6	186.4	12.2	34.3195	2233.9	1839.8	8.254	207.1	1561.8	271.6	6.4	2238.30	1910.50	8.1430	300.60	1672.20	229.00	9.30	114.17	3.67	15	8.01	10.77	440.71	439.42	1667.93	231.80	3.82	5.68
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-2	low CO2	0.245	809.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.4835	2240.6	1982.6	8.026	399.7	1786.3	183.9	12.4	34.3030	2234.6	1867.0	8.216	232.1	1605.4	254.4	7.2	2237.60	1924.80	8.1210	315.90	1695.85	219.15	9.80	185.90	4.95	15	7.99	11.37	465.48	464.12	1691.32	222.11	3.66	5.44
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-3	low CO2	0.416	803.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.3585	2240.8	1981.1	8.030	395.9	1783.7	185.2	12.3	34.2930	2227.3	1880.5	8.184	253.9	1632.0	240.6	7.9	2234.05	1930.80	8.1070	324.90	1707.85	212.90	10.10	90.58	6.51	15	7.97	11.68	477.75	476.36	1703.25	215.87	3.56	5.29
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-4	low CO2	0.390	804.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.3055	2236.5	1980.5	8.026	399.4	1785.4	182.7	12.4	34.3190	2233.4	1886.0	8.182	255.9	1636.8	241.2	7.9	2234.95	1933.25	8.1040	327.65	1711.10	211.95	10.15	95.81	1.60	15	7.97	11.79	482.51	481.11	1706.49	214.96	3.54	5.27
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-5	low CO2	0.310	807.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.3090	2237.7	1981.5	8.025	400.9	1786.2	182.9	12.5	34.3340	2234.2	1839.0	8.255	206.4	1560.3	272.3	6.4	2235.95	1910.25	8.1400	303.65	1673.25	227.60	9.45	183.20	2.28	15	8.01	10.91	446.28	444.97	1668.92	230.42	3.80	5.65
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-1	mid CO2	0.233	810.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.3040	2236.7	2132.0	7.678	1003.2	2008.2	92.7	31.1	34.3260	2233.6	1963.7	8.049	373.9	1760.7	191.4	11.6	2235.15	2047.85	7.8635	688.55	1884.45	142.05	21.35	289.84	2.69	15	7.74	24.14	987.59	984.71	1878.10	145.61	2.40	3.57
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-2	mid CO2	0.252	809.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.3160	2236.7	2137.7	7.663	1039.7	2015.7	89.6	32.3	34.3210	2233.2	1883.9	8.186	252.9	1633.6	242.4	7.9	2234.95	2010.80	7.9245	646.30	1824.65	166.00	20.10	404.58	2.81	15	7.80	22.72	929.34	926.63	1818.66	169.43	2.79	4.16
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-3	mid CO2	0.237	810.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.2920	2235.5	2144.6	7.639	1105.2	2024.9	85.4	34.3	34.3350	2232.4	1978.3	8.022	402.9	1784.4	181.3	12.5	2233.95	2061.45	7.8305	754.05	1904.65	133.35	23.40	281.53	2.65	15	7.71	26.40	1079.81	1076.66	1898.02	137.04	2.26	3.36
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-4	mid CO2	0.517	798.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.2950	2236.8	2144.2	7.643	1096.4	2023.9	86.4	33.9	34.3220	2232.7	2029.5	7.918	535.3	1863.2	149.7	16.6	2234.75	2086.85	7.7805	815.85	1943.55	118.05	25.25	86.94	1.58	15	7.66	28.46	1164.19	1160.79	1936.65	121.74	2.01	2.99
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-5	mid CO2	0.683	791.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.3330	2237.3	2140.7	7.655	1062.1	2019.3	88.4	33.0	34.3240	2231.8	1927.0	8.112	313.3	1703.6	213.7	9.7	2234.55	2033.85	7.8835	687.70	1861.45	151.05	21.35	122.15	1.59	15	7.76	24.08	985.18	982.31	1855.22	154.55	2.55	3.79
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-1	high CO2	0.180	813.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.4100	2245.6	2244.4	7.361	2203.4	2128.6	47.5	68.3	34.3110	2226.5	1968.7	8.029	394.8	1772.9	183.5	12.2	2236.05	2106.55	7.6950	1299.10	1950.75	115.50	40.25	601.06	21.57	15	7.58	43.69	1788.21	1783.00	1943.61	119.25	1.97	2.92
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-2 Died on day 17	high CO2	0.233	810.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.3260	2244.3	2259.1	7.311	2487.5	2139.6	42.6	77.0	34.3110	2244.9	1983.0	8.033	393.2	1784.0	186.8	12.2	2244.60	2121.05	7.6720	1440.35	1961.80	114.70	44.60	480.44	-0.52	15	7.56	48.00	1963.63	1957.90	1954.71	118.35	1.95	2.90
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-3	high CO2	0.536	798.000	1383	31.31400000	15	33.7790	2243.0	2257.0	7.319	2442.0	2138.4	42.6	76.0	34.3770	2235.9	1963.5	8.052	371.0	1758.9	193.1	11.5	2239.45	2110.25	7.6855	1406.50	1948.65	117.85	43.75	215.84	2.64	15	7.57	47.15	1924.51	1918.90	1941.61	121.49	2.00	2.98
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-4 Died on day 22	high CO2	0.310	807.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.3470	2241.5	2241.2	7.359	2208.6	2125.6	47.1	68.6	34.4070	2237.2	1999.9	7.987	444.8	1815.2	170.9	13.8	2239.35	2120.55	7.6730	1326.70	1970.40	109.00	41.20	311.28	2.80	15	7.56	44.73	1830.37	1825.02	1963.04	112.78	1.86	2.76
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-5	high CO2	0.764	788.000	1383	31.31400000	15	34.3220	2240.4	2247.5	7.336	2337.2	2130.3	44.7	72.5	34.4140	2233.1	2060.4	7.850	641.6	1909.4	131.1	19.9	2236.75	2153.95	7.5930	1489.40	2019.85	87.90	46.20	94.61	1.88	15	7.48	50.11	2050.11	2044.12	2011.99	91.85	1.51	2.25
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-1	low CO2	0.480	800.000	448	29.07723077	35	34.4380	2249.8	2003.8	8.003	427.7	1813.8	176.7	13.3	34.4855	2238.2	1873.5	8.206	238.5	1613.7	252.4	7.4	2244.00	1938.65	8.1045	333.10	1713.75	214.55	10.35	103.75	4.83	15	8.00	11.54	448.96	447.62	1710.19	216.91	3.53	5.28
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-2	low CO2	0.245	809.000	448	29.07723077	35	34.4645	2246.8	1994.6	8.014	414.9	1801.2	180.5	12.9	34.4840	2243.0	1903.2	8.167	268.5	1658.4	236.5	8.3	2244.90	1948.90	8.0905	341.70	1729.80	208.50	10.60	147.77	3.14	15	7.99	11.81	459.58	458.20	1726.20	210.89	3.43	5.14
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-3	low CO2	0.416	803.000	448	29.07723077	35	34.4470	2251.6	1992.5	8.027	400.6	1795.0	185.0	12.5	34.4755	2240.3	1840.6	8.259	203.9	1559.0	275.3	6.3	2245.95	1916.55	8.1430	302.25	1677.00	230.15	9.40	141.15	5.45	15	8.04	10.48	407.62	406.39	1673.66	232.41	3.78	5.66
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-4	low CO2	0.390	804.000	448	29.07723077	35	34.4445	2245.7	1996.6	8.009	419.9	1805.0	178.5	13.0	34.4440	2233.7	1863.3	8.217	230.9	1600.2	256.0	7.2	2239.70	1929.95	8.1130	325.40	1702.60	217.25	10.10	131.22	6.18	15	8.01	11.27	438.43	437.12	1699.10	219.58	3.57	5.35
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-1	mid CO2	0.233	810.000	448	29.07723077	35	34.4850	2258.4	2155.6	7.669	1035.6	2031.3	92.2	32.1	34.4720	2254.3	2084.6	7.838	667.4	1934.0	130.0	20.6	2256.35	2120.10	7.7535	851.50	1982.65	111.10	26.35	119.85	3.56	15	7.66	28.84	1122.10	1118.74	1977.25	114.01	1.85	2.78
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-2	mid CO2	0.252	809.000	448	29.07723077	35	34.4730	2256.7	2151.8	7.674	1022.2	2026.9	93.3	31.6	34.4520	2248.6	2038.4	7.929	522.7	1867.8	154.4	16.2	2252.65	2095.10	7.8015	772.45	1947.35	123.85	23.90	175.52	6.50	15	7.71	26.17	1018.05	1015.00	1942.25	126.68	2.06	3.09
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-3	mid CO2	0.237	810.000	448	29.07723077	35	34.5050	2259.3	2148.0	7.691	977.9	2020.9	96.8	30.3	34.4610	2252.8	2033.9	7.945	501.1	1858.5	159.9	15.5	2256.05	2090.95	7.8180	739.50	1939.70	128.35	22.90	189.43	5.55	15	7.73	25.10	976.36	973.43	1934.70	131.16	2.13	3.19
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-4	mid CO2	0.517	798.000	448	29.07723077	35	34.4700	2257.4	2149.9	7.682	1001.6	2024.2	94.7	31.0	34.4590	2241.0	1962.4	8.063	360.5	1754.1	197.1	11.2	2249.20	2056.15	7.8725	681.05	1889.15	145.90	21.10	138.38	6.33	15	7.78	23.14	900.08	897.38	1884.38	148.63	2.42	3.62
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-5	mid CO2	0.683	791.000	448	29.07723077	35	34.4710	2250.0	2149.0	7.665	1042.1	2025.7	91.1	32.3	34.4930	2241.5	1939.4	8.103	322.4	1717.3	212.1	10.0	2245.75	2044.20	7.8840	682.25	1871.50	151.60	21.15	118.91	2.46	15	7.79	23.14	900.39	897.69	1866.77	154.28	2.51	3.76
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-1	high CO2	0.180	813.000	448	29.07723077	35	34.4920	2248.3	2247.5	7.358	2221.8	2131.4	47.5	68.7	34.4650	2254.4	2136.8	7.710	930.5	2007.9	100.1	28.8	2251.35	2192.15	7.5340	1576.15	2069.65	73.80	48.75	256.89	-6.89	15	7.45	51.93	2020.33	2014.27	2063.35	76.87	1.25	1.87
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-1	before CO2 bubbling	0.480	800.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1485	2247.6	1977.8	8.051	375.0	1774.1	192.0	11.7	34.1320	2211.7	1800.7	8.286	186.3	1513.1	281.9	5.8	2229.65	1889.25	8.1685	280.65	1643.60	236.95	8.75	132.63	14.96	15	8.08	9.67	371.01	369.89	1640.62	238.96	3.88	5.83
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-2	before CO2 bubbling	0.245	809.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1270	2240.9	1976.6	8.041	384.6	1776.3	188.3	11.9	34.1310	2225.8	1828.7	8.262	201.4	1549.0	273.5	6.3	2233.35	1902.65	8.1515	293.00	1662.65	230.90	9.10	231.72	12.47	15	8.06	10.07	386.16	385.00	1659.62	232.97	3.78	5.69
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-3	before CO2 bubbling	0.416	803.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1760	2234.9	1976.5	8.032	393.5	1780.0	184.3	12.2	34.1325	2226.4	1816.5	8.283	189.5	1528.8	281.8	5.9	2230.65	1896.50	8.1575	291.50	1654.40	233.05	9.05	150.32	4.10	15	8.06	10.05	385.62	384.46	1651.33	235.12	3.82	5.74
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-4	before CO2 bubbling	0.390	804.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1610	2238.3	1973.9	8.041	383.9	1773.7	188.3	11.9	34.1550	2219.2	1783.4	8.321	168.2	1479.8	298.3	5.2	2228.75	1878.65	8.1810	276.05	1626.75	243.30	8.55	186.52	9.84	15	8.09	9.49	364.14	363.05	1623.91	245.25	3.98	5.98
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-1	before CO2 bubbling	0.233	810.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1205	2222.6	1974.5	8.013	412.5	1784.3	177.4	12.8	34.2000	2216.7	1838.3	8.236	217.0	1570.8	260.8	6.7	2219.65	1906.40	8.1245	314.75	1677.55	219.10	9.75	231.61	5.13	15	8.03	10.80	414.34	413.09	1674.38	221.22	3.59	5.40
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-2	before CO2 bubbling	0.252	809.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1830	2211.5	1970.2	7.999	425.5	1784.3	172.8	13.2	34.1740	2214.1	1809.9	8.274	193.4	1526.4	277.5	6.0	2212.80	1890.05	8.1365	309.45	1655.35	225.15	9.60	259.39	-2.09	15	8.05	10.58	405.86	404.64	1652.32	227.15	3.69	5.54
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-3	before CO2 bubbling	0.237	810.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1620	2216.2	1972.1	8.006	418.8	1784.4	174.7	13.0	34.1400	2219.4	1858.9	8.209	235.8	1602.2	249.4	7.3	2217.80	1915.50	8.1075	327.30	1693.30	212.05	10.15	196.18	-2.73	15	8.02	11.24	431.19	429.89	1690.08	214.18	3.48	5.23
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-4	before CO2 bubbling	0.517	798.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1180	2202.1	1970.7	7.984	442.1	1790.7	166.3	13.7	34.1850	2220.6	1884.9	8.167	266.3	1643.3	233.3	8.3	2211.35	1927.80	8.0755	354.20	1717.00	199.80	11.00	73.36	-7.14	15	7.98	12.15	466.00	464.59	1713.65	202.01	3.28	4.93
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-5	before CO2 bubbling	0.683	791.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1430	2227.6	1979.5	8.011	415.5	1789.0	177.6	12.9	34.1140	2204.8	1785.3	8.300	177.9	1492.7	287.1	5.5	2216.20	1882.40	8.1555	296.70	1640.85	232.35	9.20	105.85	6.60	15	8.06	10.16	389.85	388.67	1637.91	234.33	3.81	5.72
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-1	before CO2 bubbling	0.180	813.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1460	2219.0	1972.9	8.009	415.9	1784.0	176.0	12.9	34.1610	2218.0	1847.4	8.223	225.6	1584.5	255.9	7.0	2218.50	1910.15	8.1160	320.75	1684.25	215.95	9.95	282.29	1.13	15	8.02	10.99	421.71	420.44	1681.09	218.07	3.54	5.32
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-2	before CO2 bubbling	0.233	810.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1470	2219.7	1969.8	8.017	406.7	1778.7	178.4	12.6	34.1520	2213.3	1897.8	8.137	289.6	1668.8	220.0	9.0	2216.50	1933.80	8.0770	348.15	1723.75	199.20	10.80	119.59	5.56	15	7.98	11.97	459.15	457.76	1720.36	201.47	3.27	4.92
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-3	before CO2 bubbling	0.536	798.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1570	2229.3	1969.0	8.034	390.2	1771.5	185.4	12.1	34.1880	2215.8	1786.2	8.311	172.8	1486.8	294.1	5.4	2222.55	1877.60	8.1725	281.50	1629.15	239.75	8.75	131.05	5.02	15	8.08	9.65	370.16	369.04	1626.28	241.67	3.92	5.90
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-4	before CO2 bubbling	0.310	807.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1550	2223.4	1973.7	8.017	407.7	1782.6	178.4	12.7	34.1180	2208.5	1807.0	8.271	194.5	1525.4	275.6	6.0	2215.95	1890.35	8.1440	301.10	1654.00	227.00	9.35	207.28	9.70	15	8.05	10.35	396.98	395.78	1650.96	229.04	3.72	5.59
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-5	before CO2 bubbling	0.764	788.000	398	28.56030769	0	34.1450	2225.6	1971.8	8.023	401.7	1778.2	181.1	12.5	34.1400	2221.7	1884.2	8.171	263.5	1641.4	234.6	8.2	2223.65	1928.00	8.0970	332.60	1709.80	207.85	10.35	44.17	1.01	15	8.01	11.40	437.53	436.21	1706.55	210.05	3.41	5.13
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-2	low CO2	0.245	809.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3385	2249.8	1989.4	8.031	396.0	1791.2	185.9	12.3	34.3410	2251.7	2011.4	7.991	443.3	1824.3	173.3	13.7	2250.80	2000.40	8.0110	419.70	1807.80	179.60	13.00	-34.75	-1.57	15	7.92	14.42	556.21	554.54	1803.92	182.06	2.96	4.44
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-3	low CO2	0.416	803.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3305	2248.3	1988.3	8.030	397.3	1790.3	185.6	12.3	34.3450	2248.4	2029.4	7.949	495.8	1854.1	159.9	15.4	2248.40	2008.90	7.9900	446.60	1822.20	172.80	13.90	-39.62	-0.05	15	7.90	15.31	590.88	589.10	1818.31	175.22	2.85	4.27
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-4	low CO2	0.390	804.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3300	2248.0	1992.9	8.022	406.3	1797.8	182.5	12.6	34.4260	2244.1	2050.2	7.897	568.8	1888.3	144.2	17.7	2246.10	2021.60	7.9600	487.60	1843.10	163.40	15.20	-61.07	2.01	15	7.87	16.74	646.19	644.25	1838.92	165.89	2.69	4.04
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-5	low CO2	0.310	807.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3285	2248.9	1988.7	8.030	396.9	1790.6	185.8	12.3	34.3410	2247.4	2043.1	7.918	538.2	1875.6	150.8	16.7	2248.20	2015.90	7.9740	467.60	1833.10	168.30	14.50	-71.78	0.98	15	7.88	16.02	618.12	616.26	1829.12	170.76	2.77	4.16
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-1	mid CO2	0.233	810.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3530	2243.8	2142.4	7.668	1032.3	2019.3	91.1	32.0	34.3820	2246.5	2182.3	7.559	1357.1	2067.6	72.7	42.1	2245.20	2162.40	7.6140	1194.70	2043.50	81.90	37.10	-67.01	-2.35	15	7.53	39.98	1542.86	1538.21	2037.53	84.84	1.38	2.07
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-2	mid CO2	0.252	809.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3430	2249.1	2142.8	7.682	998.3	2018.0	93.8	31.0	34.3610	2254.4	2189.7	7.559	1362.3	2074.4	73.1	42.1	2251.80	2166.30	7.6210	1180.30	2046.20	83.50	36.60	-71.03	-4.25	15	7.54	39.48	1523.24	1518.66	2040.34	86.43	1.40	2.11
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-3	mid CO2	0.237	810.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3360	2250.3	2128.1	7.724	897.2	1997.7	102.5	27.8	34.3800	2256.7	2187.9	7.572	1321.0	2071.9	75.1	40.9	2253.50	2158.00	7.6480	1109.10	2034.80	88.80	34.40	-96.72	-5.47	15	7.56	37.17	1434.22	1429.91	2029.10	91.73	1.49	2.24
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-4	mid CO2	0.517	798.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3280	2251.8	2144.5	7.684	994.3	2019.2	94.5	30.8	34.3710	2251.8	2183.1	7.572	1316.6	2067.4	74.9	40.8	2251.80	2163.80	7.6280	1155.50	2043.30	84.70	35.80	-29.79	0.00	15	7.54	38.72	1493.97	1489.48	2037.45	87.64	1.42	2.14
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-5	mid CO2	0.683	791.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.4370	2255.5	2147.9	7.682	998.9	2022.2	94.7	30.9	34.5140	2270.5	2228.4	7.489	1628.4	2114.5	63.5	50.5	2263.00	2188.20	7.5860	1313.70	2068.40	79.10	40.70	-42.27	-4.34	15	7.50	43.73	1688.53	1683.45	2062.33	82.09	1.33	2.00
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-1	high CO2	0.180	813.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3320	2242.4	2261.1	7.299	2560.4	2140.5	41.4	79.2	34.3250	2250.8	2286.2	7.249	2895.8	2159.4	37.2	89.7	2246.60	2273.70	7.2740	2728.10	2149.90	39.30	84.40	-47.24	-9.49	15	7.21	87.89	3390.84	3380.64	2143.55	42.21	0.69	1.03
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-2	high CO2	0.233	810.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3600	2250.0	2265.7	7.310	2497.9	2145.7	42.4	77.6	34.3330	2291.1	2328.1	7.247	2961.3	2198.7	37.7	91.7	2270.60	2296.90	7.2790	2729.60	2172.20	40.00	84.60	-72.73	-35.72	15	7.21	88.18	3402.29	3392.06	2165.70	43.02	0.70	1.05
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-3	high CO2	0.536	798.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3300	2243.1	2267.5	7.282	2666.7	2145.1	39.8	82.6	34.3460	2254.7	2326.9	7.145	3719.4	2182.1	29.6	115.2	2248.90	2297.20	7.2140	3193.00	2163.60	34.70	98.90	-39.87	-4.32	15	7.15	102.27	3945.95	3934.08	2157.45	37.48	0.61	0.91
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-4	high CO2	0.310	807.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3390	2249.4	2264.7	7.311	2490.1	2144.9	42.5	77.3	34.4140	2265.3	2334.9	7.152	3671.2	2191.0	30.2	113.7	2257.40	2299.80	7.2320	3080.60	2168.00	36.40	95.50	-81.08	-10.35	15	7.17	98.89	3816.11	3804.63	2161.70	39.21	0.64	0.96
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-5	high CO2	0.764	788.000	0	28.75307692	15	34.3340	2248.6	2259.1	7.325	2410.0	2140.6	43.9	74.6	34.3270	2252.9	2304.8	7.201	3246.4	2170.7	33.5	100.7	2250.80	2281.90	7.2630	2828.20	2155.60	38.70	87.60	-22.45	-1.11	15	7.20	91.10	3514.51	3503.93	2149.28	41.58	0.68	1.01
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-1	low CO2	0.480	800.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.4730	2249.7	1989.8	8.027	400.3	1791.9	185.5	12.4	34.5210	2252.8	2055.4	7.900	565.5	1891.3	146.6	17.5	2251.30	2022.60	7.9640	482.90	1841.60	166.10	15.00	-53.38	-1.29	15	7.89	16.13	600.93	599.09	1838.48	168.00	2.70	4.08
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-2	low CO2	0.245	809.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.4910	2251.2	1989.5	8.030	396.8	1790.5	186.7	12.3	34.5110	2254.7	2026.5	7.966	474.3	1846.1	165.7	14.7	2253.00	2008.00	7.9980	435.60	1818.30	176.20	13.50	-58.20	-2.89	15	7.93	14.61	544.49	542.82	1815.29	178.10	2.87	4.32
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-3	low CO2	0.416	803.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.4570	2250.9	1991.5	8.027	401.0	1793.8	185.2	12.4	34.5130	2252.1	2051.6	7.909	552.9	1886.0	148.5	17.2	2251.50	2021.60	7.9680	477.00	1839.90	166.90	14.80	-57.43	-0.58	15	7.90	15.98	595.35	593.53	1836.77	168.80	2.72	4.10
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-4	low CO2	0.390	804.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.4540	2251.1	1990.3	8.029	398.3	1791.8	186.1	12.3	34.5090	2249.2	2055.7	7.893	576.2	1893.7	144.1	17.8	2250.20	2023.00	7.9610	487.30	1842.80	165.10	15.10	-68.39	0.98	15	7.89	16.29	606.74	604.88	1839.64	167.08	2.69	4.05
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	a-5	low CO2	0.310	807.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.5130	2254.8	1989.3	8.035	391.7	1788.0	189.2	12.1	34.4910	2239.1	2034.5	7.919	534.0	1867.4	150.6	16.6	2247.00	2011.90	7.9770	462.90	1827.70	169.90	14.40	-69.05	10.22	15	7.91	15.49	577.29	575.52	1824.58	171.83	2.76	4.17
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-1	mid CO2	0.233	810.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.4790	2248.4	2144.4	7.673	1019.0	2020.2	92.6	31.6	34.4700	2248.0	2156.8	7.639	1111.0	2036.4	85.9	34.5	2248.20	2150.60	7.6560	1065.00	2028.30	89.20	33.00	-21.90	0.35	15	7.59	35.21	1311.52	1307.50	2023.89	91.51	1.47	2.22
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-2	mid CO2	0.252	809.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.4540	2250.0	2144.7	7.676	1013.8	2020.0	93.4	31.3	34.4730	2248.5	2186.0	7.552	1380.1	2071.3	71.9	42.7	2249.30	2165.40	7.6140	1196.90	2045.70	82.70	37.00	-67.50	1.20	15	7.55	39.27	1462.76	1458.28	2041.17	84.91	1.37	2.06
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-4	mid CO2	0.517	798.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.4730	2248.9	2145.2	7.673	1019.1	2021.1	92.4	31.6	34.4720	2251.4	2211.1	7.485	1633.8	2098.2	62.2	50.7	2250.20	2178.20	7.5790	1326.40	2059.70	77.30	41.10	-49.89	-0.96	15	7.52	43.49	1620.28	1615.31	2055.01	79.64	1.28	1.93
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	b-5	mid CO2	0.683	791.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.4730	2249.5	2146.5	7.670	1028.0	2022.6	92.1	31.8	34.5230	2246.2	2201.0	7.500	1566.4	2088.2	64.1	48.7	2247.90	2173.80	7.5850	1297.20	2055.40	78.10	40.20	-32.51	0.96	15	7.52	42.58	1586.58	1581.72	2050.74	80.43	1.29	1.95
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-1	high CO2	0.180	813.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.5020	2254.6	2253.5	7.359	2222.3	2137.1	47.8	68.7	34.4900	2256.9	2284.7	7.271	2751.7	2160.2	39.3	85.1	2255.80	2269.10	7.3150	2487.00	2148.70	43.60	76.90	-67.86	-2.60	15	7.26	79.57	2964.39	2955.31	2143.72	45.81	0.74	1.11
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-3	high CO2	0.536	798.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.4830	2250.9	2258.5	7.334	2355.8	2140.6	44.8	73.1	34.5560	2256.2	2271.4	7.309	2508.2	2151.0	42.8	77.6	2253.60	2265.00	7.3220	2432.00	2145.80	43.80	75.40	-7.63	-1.97	15	7.27	78.11	2910.49	2901.58	2140.71	46.13	0.74	1.12
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	c-5	high CO2	0.764	788.000	0	27.25369231	35	34.7080	2259.6	2263.9	7.342	2321.9	2145.9	46.2	71.7	34.5040	2257.3	2271.9	7.312	2490.1	2151.8	42.9	77.3	2258.50	2267.90	7.3270	2406.00	2148.90	44.60	74.50	-4.72	0.59	15	7.27	77.23	2878.95	2870.13	2143.79	46.88	0.75	1.14
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	A1-1	before CO2 bubbling	0.480	800.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.1380	2238.7	1970.7	8.050	375.2	1768.5	190.6	11.7	34.0430	2219.0	2020.2	7.915	536.8	1856.8	146.7	16.7	2228.90	1995.50	7.9830	456.00	1812.70	168.60	14.20	-49.46	8.21	15	7.90	15.54	590.08	588.29	1809.03	170.88	2.77	4.17
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	A1-2	before CO2 bubbling	0.245	809.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0740	2232.0	1965.6	8.047	376.6	1764.5	189.4	11.7	34.0930	2226.9	2007.3	7.957	481.8	1832.6	159.8	15.0	2229.50	1986.50	8.0020	429.20	1798.60	174.60	13.30	-73.06	4.21	15	7.92	14.61	554.49	552.81	1795.06	176.79	2.87	4.31
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	A1-3	before CO2 bubbling	0.416	803.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0565	2240.4	1968.4	8.057	367.5	1763.7	193.3	11.4	34.0630	2236.0	2013.8	7.962	477.4	1837.3	161.7	14.8	2238.20	1991.10	8.0100	422.50	1800.50	177.50	13.10	-45.94	2.12	15	7.92	14.41	547.06	545.40	1796.99	179.70	2.91	4.38
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	A1-4	before CO2 bubbling	0.390	804.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0430	2228.1	1972.8	8.028	396.3	1778.2	182.2	12.3	34.0700	2226.3	2011.4	7.948	492.7	1839.2	156.8	15.3	2227.20	1992.10	7.9880	444.50	1808.70	169.50	13.80	-40.72	0.93	15	7.90	15.16	575.50	573.76	1805.17	171.77	2.78	4.19
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	A1-5	before CO2 bubbling	0.310	807.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0570	2235.2	1971.5	8.042	382.4	1771.8	187.8	11.9	34.5070	2227.0	2006.1	7.954	483.9	1830.9	160.2	15.0	2231.10	1988.80	7.9980	433.20	1801.40	174.00	13.40	-50.37	5.34	15	7.91	14.72	559.51	557.82	1797.84	176.24	2.85	4.29
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	B1-1	before CO2 bubbling	0.233	810.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0470	2235.8	1964.6	8.054	370.0	1760.5	192.7	11.5	34.0580	2223.3	1993.9	7.976	456.8	1813.9	165.8	14.1	2229.60	1979.30	8.0150	413.40	1787.20	179.30	12.80	-61.79	10.86	15	7.93	14.01	531.96	530.35	1783.85	181.39	2.94	4.43
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	B1-2	before CO2 bubbling	0.252	809.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.1060	2236.3	1966.7	8.052	371.9	1763.6	191.6	11.6	34.0830	2227.8	2009.9	7.952	487.8	1836.0	158.8	15.1	2232.10	1988.30	8.0020	429.90	1799.80	175.20	13.40	-76.16	6.82	15	7.92	14.61	554.76	553.08	1796.33	177.36	2.87	4.33
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	B1-3	before CO2 bubbling	0.237	810.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0640	2233.9	1965.8	8.049	374.8	1763.6	190.6	11.6	34.0260	2215.2	2009.2	7.929	516.2	1842.1	151.1	16.0	2224.60	1987.50	7.9890	445.50	1802.90	170.90	13.80	-90.14	15.98	15	7.91	15.11	573.39	571.65	1799.39	173.01	2.80	4.22
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	B1-4	before CO2 bubbling	0.517	798.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0740	2233.8	1968.9	8.045	379.5	1768.6	188.5	11.8	34.0690	2222.9	2039.3	7.880	591.6	1883.3	137.6	18.4	2228.40	2004.10	7.9630	485.60	1826.00	163.10	15.10	-58.54	4.21	15	7.88	16.48	625.80	623.90	1822.32	165.29	2.68	4.03
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	B1-5	before CO2 bubbling	0.683	791.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0850	2233.7	1967.8	8.045	379.4	1766.9	189.2	11.8	34.0490	2225.0	2003.4	7.959	478.1	1827.6	161.0	14.8	2229.40	1985.60	8.0020	428.80	1797.30	175.10	13.30	-23.13	2.52	15	7.92	14.52	551.33	549.66	1793.82	177.26	2.87	4.32
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	C1-1	before CO2 bubbling	0.180	813.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.1170	2237.7	1963.8	8.059	365.5	1758.1	194.4	11.3	34.0440	2220.3	2003.8	7.952	486.7	1831.0	157.7	15.1	2229.00	1983.80	8.0060	426.10	1794.60	176.00	13.20	-109.98	19.65	15	7.92	14.49	550.11	548.44	1791.11	178.20	2.89	4.35
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	C1-2	before CO2 bubbling	0.233	810.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0440	2226.4	1961.0	8.047	376.4	1760.7	188.6	11.7	34.0700	2230.6	1999.8	7.978	456.0	1818.8	166.9	14.1	2228.50	1980.40	8.0130	416.20	1789.70	177.80	12.90	-63.79	-3.65	15	7.93	14.14	536.70	535.08	1786.33	179.93	2.92	4.39
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	C1-3	before CO2 bubbling	0.536	798.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0390	2226.4	1961.5	8.044	379.0	1761.4	188.3	11.7	34.0430	2223.7	2014.6	7.936	509.3	1845.6	153.2	15.8	2225.10	1988.10	7.9900	444.20	1803.50	170.80	13.80	-40.53	1.00	15	7.91	15.08	572.27	570.53	1800.02	172.95	2.80	4.22
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	C1-4	before CO2 bubbling	0.310	807.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0360	2229.2	1965.8	8.042	381.5	1766.5	187.4	11.9	34.0610	2229.9	2011.5	7.952	488.6	1837.2	159.2	15.1	2229.60	1988.70	7.9970	435.00	1801.80	173.30	13.50	-59.03	-0.46	15	7.91	14.75	559.98	558.28	1798.40	175.50	2.85	4.28
Sarcophyton elegans (coral)	C1-5	before CO2 bubbling	0.764	788.000	0	28.12553846	0	34.0830	2234.8	1964.5	8.053	371.6	1761.0	192.0	11.5	34.0630	2223.9	2031.1	7.901	558.8	1870.5	143.2	17.4	2229.40	1997.80	7.9770	465.20	1815.80	167.60	14.40	-37.16	2.81	15	7.89	15.80	599.83	598.01	1812.18	169.82	2.75	4.14