Citation:

PANGAEA.836005

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Abstract:

A land based mesocosm experiment focusing on the study of the simultaneous impact of warming and acidification on the planktonic food web of the Eastern Mediterranean took place in August-September 2013 at the mesocosm facilities of HCMR in Crete (CRETACOSMOS). Two different pCO2 (present day and predicted for year 2100) were applied in triplicate mesocosms of 3 m**3. This was tested in two different temperatures (ambient seawater T and ambient T plus 3°C). Twelve mesocosms in total were incubated in two large concrete tanks. Temperature was controlled by sophisticated, automated systems. A large variety of chemical, biological and biochemical variables were studied, including salinity, temperature, light and alkalinity measurements, inorganic and organic, particulate and dissolved, nutrient analyses, biological stock (Chla concentration, enumeration and community composition of microbial, phyto- and zooplankton organisms) and rate (primary, bacterial, viral production, copepod egg production, zooplankton grazing, N2 fixation, P uptake) measurements, bacterial DNA extraction and phytoplankton transcriptomics, calcifiers analyses. Twenty three scientists from 6 Institutes and 5 countries participated in this experiment.

Further details:

A blog dedicated to the Crete mesocosom experiment

Lavigne, Héloïse; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 2.4. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Mediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate (MedSeA)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 265103 : Mediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate

Coverage:

Latitude: 35.330750 * Longitude: 25.281670

Date/Time Start: 2012-08-30T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2013-09-12T00:00:00

Minimum DEPTH, water: 2 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 100 m

Event(s):

Crete-mesocosms * Latitude: 35.330750 * Longitude: 25.281670 * Date/Time Start: 2013-08-26T10:10:00 * Date/Time End: 2013-09-14T18:05:00 * Location: Sea of Crete * Method/Device: Mesocosm experiment (MESO)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time				Geocode
2	Comment	Comment		Pitta, Paraskevi		Description or work at start of experiment
3	DEPTH, water	Depth water	m			Geocode
4	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Pitta, Paraskevi		C: Control mesocosms (ambient temperature and present day pCO2), OA: acidified mesocosms (ambient temperature, predicted for year 2100 pCO2) , W: heated water mesocosms (temperature: ambient plus 3°C, present day pCO2), GH: green house mesocosms (temperature: ambient plus 3°C, pCO2: predicted for year 2100), 1,2,3: 3 replicates
5	Salinity	Sal		Frangoulis, Constantin	Conductivity sensor, Aanderaa, type 3919
6	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Frangoulis, Constantin	Pendant Temperature/Light Data Logger 64K, HOBO
7	pH	pH		Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	pH meter (Metrohm electrodes)	total scale
8	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
9	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
10	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
11	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
12	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
13	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
14	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Coulometric titration, Marianda, VINDTA 3C
15	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
16	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Nitrite	[NO2]-	µmol/l	Tsapakis, Manolis	Seawater analysis (Strickland & Parsons, 1972)
18	Nitrate	[NO3]-	µmol/l	Tsapakis, Manolis	Seawater analysis (Strickland & Parsons, 1972)
19	Ammonia	NH3	µmol/l	Tsapakis, Manolis	Seawater analysis (Ivancic & Deggobis, 1984)
20	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Tsapakis, Manolis	Spectrophotometry, MAGIC25 procedure (Rimmelin & Moutin, 2005)
21	Silicate	Si(OH)4	µmol/l	Tsapakis, Manolis	Seawater analysis (Strickland & Parsons, 1972)
22	Nitrogen, total, particulate	TPN	µmol/l	Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Element analyser, Thermo Scientific FLASH2000
23	Carbon, organic, particulate	POC	µmol/l	Krasakopoulou, Evangelia	Element analyser, Thermo Scientific FLASH2000
24	Bacterial production	BP	ng/l/h	Giannakourou, Antonia	see comment	3H-Leucine incorporation in triplicated bottles incubated in the laboratory in the dark at in situ temperature over 2h.
25	Bacteria, heterotrophic	HBA	#/ml	Pitta, Paraskevi	Flow cytometry
26	Synechococcus	Synechococcus	#/ml	Pitta, Paraskevi	Flow cytometry
27	Picoeukaryotes, autotrophic	PEuk auto	#/ml	Pitta, Paraskevi	Flow cytometry
28	Viral abundance	Virus	#/ml	Pitta, Paraskevi	Flow cytometry	Viruses like particles
29	Primary production of carbon per hour	PP C	mg/m³/h	Psarra, Stella	Steemann-Nielsen (1952) use of 14C for measuring org. prod. (J Conseil 18:117)	total
30	Primary production of carbon per hour, fractionated	PP C frac	mg/m³/h	Psarra, Stella	Steemann-Nielsen (1952) use of 14C for measuring org. prod. (J Conseil 18:117)	0.2-2.0 µm
31	Primary production of carbon per hour, fractionated	PP C frac	mg/m³/h	Psarra, Stella	Steemann-Nielsen (1952) use of 14C for measuring org. prod. (J Conseil 18:117)	>2.0 µm
32	Chlorophyll a	Chl a	µg/l	Psarra, Stella	Fluorescence determination	total
33	Chlorophyll a, fractionated	Chl a frac	µg/l	Psarra, Stella	Fluorescence determination	0.2-2.0 µm
34	Chlorophyll a, fractionated	Chl a frac	µg/l	Psarra, Stella	Fluorescence determination	>2.0 µm
35	Phosphate turnover time	PO4 Tt	h	Tanaka, Tsuneo	Incubation with 33-P Orthophosphate and size frac (Thingstad et al., 1993)
36	Phosphate uptake, fractionated	PO4 upt frac	%	Tanaka, Tsuneo	Incubation with 33-P Orthophosphate and size frac (Thingstad et al., 1993)	0.2-0.6 µm
37	Phosphate uptake, fractionated	PO4 upt frac	%	Tanaka, Tsuneo	Incubation with 33-P Orthophosphate and size frac (Thingstad et al., 1993)	0.6-2 µm
38	Phosphate uptake, fractionated	PO4 upt frac	%	Tanaka, Tsuneo	Incubation with 33-P Orthophosphate and size frac (Thingstad et al., 1993)	>2 µm
39	Production of copepoda	Copepoda prod	#/l	Zervoudaki, Soultana	see comment	Copepod reproduction responses to elevated CO2 and T was estimated by filtering 5 L water samples from the mesocosms onto 21 µm mesh every day (from 2013-09-01 to 2013-09-12). Samples was preserved with acid Lugol and subsequently analysed on a dissecting microscope. The production is given in eggs+nauplii/L.
40	Nitrogen fixation rate	N2 fix	nmol/l/day	Rees, Andrew	see comment	Incubated in situ at 6 m depth in 5 x biological oxygen demand (BOD) 60 ml bottles over 24 h. Rate estimated using a linear regression between initial and final oxygen concentration.

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4560 data points

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