Citation:

j.envint.2011.07.001

Name: (Table 3) Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ether and congeners in blubber samples from whales, seals and porpoises between 1986-2009
Published: 2012
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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Abstract:

A selection of PBDE congeners was analyzed in pooled blubber samples of pilot whale (Globicephala melas), ringed seal (Phoca hispida), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) and Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), covering a time period of more than 20 years (1986-2009). The analytes were extracted and cleaned-up using open column extraction and multi-layer silica gel column chromatography, and the analysis was performed on a GC-MS system operating in the NCI mode. The highest PBDE levels were found in the toothed whale species pilot whale and white-sided dolphin, and the lowest levels in fin whales and ringed seals. One-sided analyses of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey comparisons of means were applied to test for differences between years and sampling areas. Due to inter-year sampling variability, only general comparisons of PBDE concentrations between different sampling areas could be made. Differences in PBDE concentrations between three sampling periods, from 1986 to 2007, were evaluated in samples of pilot whales, ringed seals, white-sided dolphins and hooded seals. The highest PBDE levels were found in samples from the late 1990s or beginning of 2000, possibly reflecting the increase in the global production of technical PBDE mixtures in the 1990s. The levels of BDE #153 and #154 increased relative to the total PBDE concentration in some of the species in recent years, which may indicate an increased relative exposure to higher brominated congeners. In order to assess the effect of measures taken in legally binding international agreements, it is important to continuously monitor POPs such as PBDEs in sub-Arctic and Arctic environments.

Project(s):

International Polar Year (2007-2008) (IPY)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 67.359171 * Median Longitude: -19.712414 * South-bound Latitude: 60.000000 * West-bound Longitude: -69.350000 * North-bound Latitude: 77.470000 * East-bound Longitude: 23.000000

Date/Time Start: 2001-02-18T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2001-03-01T00:00:00

Event(s):

Faroe_Island * Latitude: 61.700000 * Longitude: -7.300000 * Location: Faroe Islands * Method/Device: Biological sample (BIOS)

Jan_Mayen_N (Seas north of Jan Mayen Island) * Latitude: 71.344200 * Longitude: -8.436900 * Date/Time Start: 2001-02-18T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2001-03-01T00:00:00 * Location: Jan Mayen

Norway * Latitude Start: 71.000000 * Longitude Start: 23.000000 * Latitude End: 60.000000 * Longitude End: 4.000000 * Location: Norway * Method/Device: Biological sample (BIOS)

Comment:

Concentrations are given per g lipid weight. Data extracted in the frame of a joint ICSTI/PANGAEA IPY effort, see http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.150150

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	Event label	Event
2	Species	Species		Rotander, Anna
3	Species, common name	Species common		Rotander, Anna
4	Sampling date	Sampling date		Rotander, Anna
5	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers	PBDE	ng/g	Rotander, Anna	median
6	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers	PBDE	ng/g	Rotander, Anna	min
7	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers	PBDE	ng/g	Rotander, Anna	max
8	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-28	BDE-28	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	min
9	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-28	BDE-28	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	max
10	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-47	BDE-47	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	min
11	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-47	BDE-47	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	max
12	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-66	BDE-66	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	min
13	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-66	BDE-66	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	max
14	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-100	BDE-100	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	min
15	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-100	BDE-100	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	max
16	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-99	BDE-99	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	min
17	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-99	BDE-99	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	max
18	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-85	BDE-85	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	min
19	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-85	BDE-85	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	max
20	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-154	BDE-154	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	min
21	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-154	BDE-154	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	max
22	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-153	BDE-153	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	min
23	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-153	BDE-153	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	max
24	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-138	BDE-138	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	min
25	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-138	BDE-138	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	max
26	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-183	BDE-183	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	min
27	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-183	BDE-183	µg/g	Rotander, Anna	max
28	Comment	Comment		Rotander, Anna

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

532 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Species	3 Species common	4 Sampling date	5 PBDE [ng/g] (median)	6 PBDE [ng/g] (min)	7 PBDE [ng/g] (max)	8 BDE-28 [µg/g] (min)	9 BDE-28 [µg/g] (max)	10 BDE-47 [µg/g] (min)	11 BDE-47 [µg/g] (max)	12 BDE-66 [µg/g] (min)	13 BDE-66 [µg/g] (max)	14 BDE-100 [µg/g] (min)	15 BDE-100 [µg/g] (max)	16 BDE-99 [µg/g] (min)	17 BDE-99 [µg/g] (max)	18 BDE-85 [µg/g] (min)	19 BDE-85 [µg/g] (max)	20 BDE-154 [µg/g] (min)	21 BDE-154 [µg/g] (max)	22 BDE-153 [µg/g] (min)	23 BDE-153 [µg/g] (max)	24 BDE-138 [µg/g] (min)	25 BDE-138 [µg/g] (max)	26 BDE-183 [µg/g] (min)	27 BDE-183 [µg/g] (max)	28 Comment
Faroe_Island	Globicephala melas	Pilot whale	1986	51.0	27	61	0.00140	0.00420	0.0110	0.0370	0.00030	0.0014	0.0017	0.0058	0.0019	0.0042	0.0005	0.0010	0.0072	0.0095	0.0007	0.0011	<0.0001		<0.0001	0.0002
Faroe_Island	Globicephala melas	Pilot whale	1997	613.0	568	2428	0.01100	0.04200	0.3040	1.3890	0.01900	0.0740	0.0580	0.2070	0.1000	0.4300	0.0088	0.0370	0.0340	0.1520	0.0210	0.0940	<0.0001		0.0007	0.0033
Faroe_Island	Globicephala melas	Pilot whale	2006/07	1041.0	840	1307	0.01600	0.02100	0.4890	0.7110	0.02500	0.0260	0.0930	0.1510	0.1210	0.1850	0.0210	0.0490	0.0490	0.1240	0.0240	0.0400	<0.0001		0.0006	0.0012	#85,154,153,138,183: quantified with a higher uncertainty due to recovery <50%; three pools
Faroe_Island	Lagenorhynchus acutus	White-sided dolphin	1997	230.0	172	325	<0.00004	0.00010	0.0700	0.1100	0.00160	0.0026	0.0390	0.0600	0.0410	0.0730	0.0012	0.0025	0.0042	0.0530	0.0150	0.0230	0.0001	0.0019
Faroe_Island	Lagenorhynchus acutus	White-sided dolphin	2001/02	673.0	570	710	<0.00010	0.00020	0.2040	0.2210	0.00300	0.0057	0.1180	0.1600	0.1110	0.1600	0.0027	0.0054	0.0880	0.1080	0.0380	0.0640	0.0001	0.0021
Faroe_Island	Lagenorhynchus acutus	White-sided dolphin	2006	279.0	249	308	<0.00004	<0.00010	0.0940	0.1120	0.00150	0.0022	0.0510	0.0630	0.0360	0.0540	0.0016	0.0022	0.0430	0.0530	0.0110	0.0220	0.0003	0.0006
Jan_Mayen_N	Cystophora cristata	Hooded seal	1990	54.0	44	71	0.00030	0.00040	0.0150	0.0190	0.00020	0.0003	0.0032	0.0048	0.0160	0.0280	<0.0001		0.0055	0.0120	0.0028	0.0056	<0.0002	0.0004	0.0002	0.0003	#85,154,153,138,183: quantified with a higher uncertainty due to recovery a<50%, b> 150%. * One pool. *** Three pools. NQ = Not quantified
Jan_Mayen_N	Cystophora cristata	Hooded seal	1997	87.0	78	148	0.00040	0.00070	0.0250	0.0470	0.00050	0.0009	0.0049	0.0092	0.0270	0.0610	<0.0001		0.0110	0.0150	0.0091	0.0140	<0.0002	0.0004	0.0004	0.0004
Jan_Mayen_N	Cystophora cristata	Hooded seal	2007	59.0	38	61	0.00020	0.00020	0.0190	0.0210	0.00020	0.0003	0.0019	0.0037	0.0072	0.0150	<0.0001	<0.0003	0.0054	0.0120	0.0043	0.0100	<0.0001	<0.0004	0.0001	0.0003
NW-Greenland	Phoca hispida	Ringed seal	1986	25.0	25	34	0.00040	0.00060	0.0180	0.0280	<0.00004	0.0001	0.0010	0.0021	0.0025	0.0031	<0.0001	0.0003	0.0010	0.0013	0.0003	0.0005	<0.0001		<0.0001	0.0002	#28,47,66,100,99: quantified with a higher uncertainty due to recovery <50%; one pool
NW-Greenland	Phoca hispida	Ringed seal	2000	49.0	32	69	0.00120	0.00160	0.0230	0.0550	0.00030	0.0003	0.0023	0.0037	0.0032	0.0055	0.0003	0.0008	0.0006	0.0028	0.0006	0.0021	<0.0001		<0.0001
NW-Greenland	Phoca hispida	Ringed seal	2006	28.0	21	33	0.00060	0.00090	0.0160	0.0280	<0.00010	0.0002	0.0015	0.0020	0.0015	0.0029	<0.0001	0.0005	0.0003	0.0007	0.0003	0.0006	<0.0001	0.0001	<0.0001
W_Iceland	Phocoena phocoena	Harbor porpoise	1992	94.0	85	98	0.00090	0.00110	0.0380	0.0520	0.00070	0.0012	0.0080	0.0110	0.0092	0.0190	<0.0002	<0.0008	0.0089	0.0160	0.0028	0.0084	<0.0003	<0.0006	<0.0002	0.0004	Quantified with a higher uncertainty due to recovery > 150%; one pool
W_Iceland	Phocoena phocoena	Harbor porpoise	1997	75.0	67	96	0.00080	0.00090	0.0430	0.0590	0.00060	0.0007	0.0064	0.0093	0.0091	0.0130	<0.0001		0.0044	0.0089	0.0018	0.0032	<0.0002		<0.0001	0.0001
W_Iceland	Balaenoptera acutorostrata	Minke whale	2003/06	99.0	64	111	0.00070	0.00140	0.0410	0.0680	0.00010	0.0005	0.0039	0.0080	0.0071	0.0170	0.0025	0.0057	0.0063	0.0130	0.0015	0.0029	<0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0002
W_Iceland	Balaenoptera physalus	Fin whale	1986/89	8.4	5	12	0.00010	0.00110	0.0024	0.0051	<0.00010	0.0001	0.0003	0.0008	0.0010	0.0024	<0.0001	0.0003	0.0006	0.0024	0.0002	0.0015	<0.0002	0.0002	<0.0001	0.0001
W_Iceland	Balaenoptera physalus	Fin whale	2006/09	22.0	20	31	0.00020	0.00400	0.0076	0.0130	0.00010	0.0002	0.0007	0.0019	0.0013	0.0055	0.0002	0.0006	0.0027	0.0057	0.0009	0.0015	0.0001	0.0001	0.0002	0.0003
Norway	Phocoena phocoena	Harbor porpoise	2000	161.0	71	540	0.00080	0.00120	0.0530	0.3010	0.00040	0.0042	0.0073	0.0560	0.0045	0.0870	<0.0002		0.0041	0.0460	0.0008	0.0440	<0.0001	<0.0002	<0.0001	0.0005
Norway	Balaenoptera acutorostrata	Minke whale	1993	126.0	82	153	0.00110	0.00210	0.0540	0.1010	0.00120	0.0018	0.0057	0.0130	0.0140	0.0290	0.0008	0.0010	0.0032	0.0061	0.0014	0.0030	<0.0001	0.0001	<0.0001
Norway	Balaenoptera acutorostrata	Minke whale	1999	105.0	97	389	0.00080	0.00160	0.0590	0.2120	0.00080	0.0054	0.0075	0.0300	0.0140	0.0880	0.0017	0.0038	0.0043	0.0270	0.0010	0.0200	<0.0001	0.0009	<0.0001	0.0004
W_Greenland	Balaenoptera acutorostrata	Minke whale	1998	71.0	50	170	0.00130	0.00310	0.0290	0.0690	0.00060	0.0036	0.0040	0.0140	0.0096	0.0630	0.0003	0.0006	0.0036	0.0100	0.0009	0.0054	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0002	#85,154,153,138,183: quantified with a higher uncertainty due to recovery > 150%; three pools