Citation:

j.palaeo.2014.08.028

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Abstract:

The late Neogene evolution of the Arctic to Subarctic region is poorly understood due to few available records and poor age control. At the margin of the Arctic Ocean, Yermak Plateau Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 911A is strategically located for establishing a stratigraphic framework for the Arctic. Here we present dinoflagellate cyst and acritarch data from 24 stratigraphic levels in the lower part (474.26-505.64 metres below the seafloor (mbsf)) of ODP Hole 911A. The marine palynomorphs indicate a latest Miocene to earliest Pliocene age (between 5.8 and 5.0 Ma) for the base of the hole based on the co-occurrence of the dinoflagellate cyst Barssidinium evangelineae and acritarch Lavradosphaera crista. Our age estimate for the sediments can possibly be further refined to 5.0-5.33 Ma based on the presence of Achomosphaera andalousiensis suttonensis, which apparently has a range restricted to the Pliocene. An age close to the Miocene/Pliocene boundary agrees with the planktonic foraminifer data. Together with recently available magnetostratigraphic data, the base of the hole is likely to be placed at ~5.2 Ma. This new chronostratigraphy is a first step towards a better understanding of the late Neogene palaeoenvironment for the Yermak Plateau and also for the wider Arctic to Subarctic region.

The terrestrial and fresh water palynomorphs were most likely redistributed and/or displaced from the shelf towards deeper parts of the basin during contourite deposition under the influence of the West Spitsbergen Current. The in situ marine dinoflagellate cyst assemblage contains a mixture of cool water and thermophilic taxa, indicating sea-ice free, cool-temperate, warmer than present conditions at the Yermak Plateau. Rivers were likely the source for the freshwater influence.

Project(s):

Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)

Coverage:

Latitude: 80.477430 * Longitude: 8.227300

Date/Time Start: 1993-08-22T06:15:00 * Date/Time End: 1993-08-26T21:34:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 474.26 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 505.64 m

Event(s):

151-911A * Latitude: 80.477430 * Longitude: 8.227300 * Date/Time Start: 1993-08-22T06:15:00 * Date/Time End: 1993-08-26T21:34:00 * Elevation: -912.0 m * Penetration: 505.8 m * Recovery: 464.51 m * Location: North Greenland Sea * Campaign: * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 53 cores; 505.8 m cored; 0 m drilled; 91.8 % recovery

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Sample code/label	Sample label		Grøsfjeld, Kari	DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation
2	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m			Geocode – mbsf
3	Laboratory code/label	Lab label		Grøsfjeld, Kari		B = Bordeaux lab slides
4	Dry mass	Dry m	g	Grøsfjeld, Kari
5	Lycopodium tablets	Lyc.tabN	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
6	Lycopodium clavatum spores per tablet	L. clavatum spores per tablet	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
7	Lycopodium clavatum, standard deviation	L. clavatum std dev	±	Grøsfjeld, Kari
8	Lycopodium clavatum markers counted	L. clavatum markers counted	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
9	Achomosphaera andalousiensis andalousiensis	A. andalousiensis andalousiensis	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
10	Achomosphaera andalousiensis suttonensis	A. andalousiensis suttonensis	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
11	Amiculosphaera umbraculum	A. umbraculum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
12	Barssidinium evangelineae	B. evangelineae	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
13	Barssidinium graminosum	B. graminosum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
14	Barssidinium pliocenicum	B. pliocenicum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
15	Barssidinium spp.	Barssidinium spp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
16	Bitectatodinium tepikiense	B. tepikiense	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
17	Bitectatodinium raedwaldii	B. raedwaldii	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
18	Brigantedinium spp.	Brigantedinium spp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
19	Echinidinium euaxum	E. euaxum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
20	Filisphaera filifera	F. filifera	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
21	Filisphaera microornata	F. microornata	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
22	Habibacysta tectata	H. tectata	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
23	Impagidinium aculeatum	I. aculeatum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
24	Impagidinium pallidum	I. pallidum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
25	Impagidinium patulum	I. patulum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
26	Impagidinium sp.	Impagidinium sp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		sp. A
27	Impagidinium spp.	Impagidinium spp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
28	Invertocysta lacrymosa	I. lacrymosa	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
29	Invertocysta tabulata	I. tabulata	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
30	Lejeunecysta mariae	L. mariae	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
31	Lejeunecysta spp.	Lejeunecysta spp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
32	Lingulodinium machaerophorum	L. machaerophorum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
33	Nematosphaeropsis labyrinthus	N. labyrinthus	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
34	Operculodinium centrocarpum	O. centrocarpum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		s.s.
35	Operculodinium? eirikianum crebrum	O.? eirikianum crebrum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
36	Operculodinium? eirikianum eirikianum	O.? eirikianum eirikianum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
37	Operculodinium sp.	Operculodinium sp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
38	Pentapharsodinium dalei	P. dalei	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		cysts
39	Protoceratium reticulatum	P. reticulatum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		cysts
40	Selenopemphix dionaeacysta	S. dionaeacysta	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
41	Spiniferites elongatus	S. elongatus	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
42	Spiniferites falcipedius	S. falcipedius	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
43	Spiniferites spp.	Spiniferites spp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		Spiniferites/Achomosphaera spp. indet
44	Sumatradinium sp.	Sumatradinium sp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
45	Trinovantedinium glorianum	T. glorianum	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
46	Trinovantedinium variabile	T. variabile	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
47	Dinoflagellate cyst indeterminata	Dinofl indet	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
48	Dinoflagellate cyst	Dinofl cyst	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		counted
49	Number of taxa	Taxa	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		dinoflagellate cysts
50	Dinoflagellate cyst per unit mass	Dinofl cyst	#/g	Grøsfjeld, Kari
51	Dinoflagellate cyst, standard error	Dinofl vyst std e	±	Grøsfjeld, Kari
52	Cymatiosphaera invaginata	C. invaginata	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		genus questionable
53	Cymatiosphaera spp.	Cymatiosphaera spp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		genus questionable
54	Lavradosphaera crista	L. crista	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
55	Lavradosphaera lucifer	L. lucifer	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
56	Acritarcha indeterminata	Acr indet	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
57	Acritarcha	Acr	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		counted
58	Number of taxa	Taxa	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari		acritarch
59	Acritarcha per unit mass	Acr	#/g	Grøsfjeld, Kari
60	Acritarcha, standard error	Acr std e	±	Grøsfjeld, Kari
61	Foraminifera, linings	Foram lin	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
62	Tasmanites	Tasmanites	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
63	Botryococcus spp.	Botryococcus spp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
64	Pediastrum spp.	Pediastrum spp.	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
65	Dinoflagellate cyst reworked	Dinofl cyst rew	#	Grøsfjeld, Kari
66	Dinoflagellate cyst reworked per unit mass	Dinofl cyst rew	#/g	Grøsfjeld, Kari
67	Dinoflagellate cyst reworked, standard error	Dinofl cyst rew std e	±	Grøsfjeld, Kari

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1521 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Sample label	2 Depth sed [m] (mbsf)	3 Lab label (B = Bordeaux lab slides)	4 Dry m [g]	5 Lyc.tabN [#]	6 L. clavatum spores per tablet [#]	7 L. clavatum std dev [±]	8 L. clavatum markers counted [#]	9 A. andalousiensis andalousiensis [#]	10 A. andalousiensis suttonensis [#]	11 A. umbraculum [#]	12 B. evangelineae [#]	13 B. graminosum [#]	14 B. pliocenicum [#]	15 Barssidinium spp. [#]	16 B. tepikiense [#]	17 B. raedwaldii [#]	18 Brigantedinium spp. [#]	19 E. euaxum [#]	20 F. filifera [#]	21 F. microornata [#]	22 H. tectata [#]	23 I. aculeatum [#]	24 I. pallidum [#]	25 I. patulum [#]	26 Impagidinium sp. [#] (sp. A)	27 Impagidinium spp. [#]	28 I. lacrymosa [#]	29 I. tabulata [#]	30 L. mariae [#]	31 Lejeunecysta spp. [#]	32 L. machaerophorum [#]	33 N. labyrinthus [#]	34 O. centrocarpum [#] (s.s.)	35 O.? eirikianum crebrum [#]	36 O.? eirikianum eirikianum [#]	37 Operculodinium sp. [#]	38 P. dalei [#] (cysts)	39 P. reticulatum [#] (cysts)	40 S. dionaeacysta [#]	41 S. elongatus [#]	42 S. falcipedius [#]	43 Spiniferites spp. [#] (Spiniferites/Achomosphaera sp...)	44 Sumatradinium sp. [#]	45 T. glorianum [#]	46 T. variabile [#]	47 Dinofl indet [#]	48 Dinofl cyst [#] (counted)	49 Taxa [#] (dinoflagellate cysts)	50 Dinofl cyst [#/g]	51 Dinofl vyst std e [±]	52 C. invaginata [#] (genus questionable)	53 Cymatiosphaera spp. [#] (genus questionable)	54 L. crista [#]	55 L. lucifer [#]	56 Acr indet [#]	57 Acr [#] (counted)	58 Taxa [#] (acritarch)	59 Acr [#/g]	60 Acr std e [±]	61 Foram lin [#]	62 Tasmanites [#]	63 Botryococcus spp. [#]	64 Pediastrum spp. [#]	65 Dinofl cyst rew [#]	66 Dinofl cyst rew [#/g]	67 Dinofl cyst rew std e [±]
151-911A-50X-5,106-108	474.26	44	1.60	1	13911	689	869	1	1	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	26	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	2	4	0	0	3	0	0	0	1	44	11	440	71	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13	0	17	1	39	390	60
151-911A-51X-1,14-16	476.94	51	1.63	1	13911	689	2130	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	40	6	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	52	7	208	31	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	18	1	122	488	107
151-911A-51X-1,103-105	477.83	45	1.60	1	13911	689		0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	22	8			0	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	0	0	40
151-911A-51X-3,101-103	480.81	52	1.69	1	13911	689		0	0	0	4	0	0	3	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	22	6			1	0	0	0	0	1	1			0	0	0	0	101
151-911A-51X-6,5-7	484.35	1318/1 B	6.15	2	18584	829	1855	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	1	49	0	3	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	5	0	4	0	6	77	11	125	16	0	0	2	0	0	2	1	3	0	0	0	3	0	136	222	35
151-911A-52X-1,56-58	487.06	53	1.70	1	13911	689		0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	21	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	22	2			0	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	1	1	6
151-911A-52X-3,55-57	489.30	1318/2 B	5.92	2	18584	829	1453	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	19	4	41	10	0	1	1	0	0	2	2	4	0	8	0	0	0	11	24	4
151-911A-52X-3,103-105	489.78	54	1.69	1	13911	689		0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	13	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	21	4			0	0	0	0	0	0	0			3	0	0	0	12
151-911A-52X-3,146-148	490.21	46	1.60	1	13911	689	1099	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	20	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	27	5	214	43	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
151-911A-52X-4,86-88	491.11	1318/3 B	5.16	2	18584	829	1072	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	18	2	3	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	4	1	0	0	29	3	0	3	5	0	0	0	0	74	15	249	32	3	0	5	0	1	9	3	30	2	0	0	2	1	63	212	25
151-911A-52X-5,87-89	492.55	55	1.63	1	13911	689		0	0	0	1	3	0	0	0	0	18	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	3	31	10			0	0	0	0	0	0	0			3	0	2	0	5
151-911A-52X-7,89-91	495.23	1318/4 B	5.88	2	18584	829		0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	57	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	3	0	0	0	30	0	2	0	8	0	0	1	5	112	13			1	0	1	2	5	9	4			5	0	1	2	43
151-911A-53X-2,104-106	497.98	1318/5 B	5.25	2	18584	829	1453	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	1	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	1	0	3	0	0	0	2	36	6	88	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	9	22	2
151-911A-53X-3,16-18	498.60	60	1.63	1	13911	689		1	0	1	2	4	4	0	0	0	10	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	3	36	13			0	0	0	0	0	0	0			4	4	0	2	22
151-911A-53X-3,102-105	499.46	1318/6 B	5.26	2	18584	829		0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	2			0	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	0	0	0
151-911A-53X-3,141-142	499.85	31	1.60	1	13911	689	1251	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	13	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	6	0	2	0	0	33	8	229	42	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	69	8
151-911A-53X-4,39-41	500.33	32	1.60	1	13911	689	760	0	0	0	0	3	4	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	1	17	5	194	49	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	28	0	4	46	6
151-911A-53X-4,84-85	500.78	61	1.66	1	13911	689	650	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	2	26	18	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	1	0	2	26	18
151-911A-53X-5,76-78	501.94	1321/1 B	5.24	2	18584	829	1134	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	2	9	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	8	25	24
151-911A-53X-5,129-131	502.47	62	1.67	1	13911	689	565	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	19	5	281	67	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	4	0	4	59	7
151-911A-53X-6,86-88	503.41	1318/7 B	5.11	2	18584	829		0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	2			0	0	0	0	0	0	0			0	0	0	0	0
151-911A-53X-6,106-108	503.61	33	1.60	1	13911	689	1508	5	22	0	3	20	2	0	0	0	34	2	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	4	1	14	0	3	0	0	19	1	4	3	27	0	0	1	6	175	22	1009	95	1	3	1	1	8	14	5	81	5	27	1	2	2	181	1044	99
151-911A-53X-6,119-121	503.74	34	1.60	1	13911	689	1616	0	2	0	3	17	0	0	1	0	78	14	26	2	4	0	2	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	3	2	3	0	0	0	1	9	0	6	1	23	0	2	0	13	214	22	1151	101	1	0	0	0	1	2	2	11	1	18	6	1	1	118	635	48
151-911A-53X-8,37-39	505.64	1318/8 B	5.80	2	18584	829	1351	0	0	1	4	9	0	2	0	0	9	1	5	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	4	1	14	1	1	0	0	8	0	0	5	6	0	0	0	1	76	20	180	23	6	0	2	0	1	9	3	21	1	0	0	0	0	97	230	32