Citation:

1365-2745.12233

Name: Ocean acidification outweighs nutrient effects in structuring seagrass epiphyte communities
Published: 2014-07-28
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Field experiment; Macro-nutrients; North Atlantic; Soft-bottom community; Spirorbis sp.; Temperate

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Abstract:

1. Developing a framework for assessing interactions between multiple anthropogenic stressors remains an important goal in environmental research. In coastal ecosystems, the relative effects of aspects of global climate change (e.g. CO2 concentrations) and localized stressors (e.g. eutrophication), in combination, have received limited attention.

2. Using a long-term (11 month) field experiment, we examine how epiphyte assemblages in a tropical seagrass meadow respond to factorial manipulations of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2(aq)) and nutrient enrichment. In situ CO2(aq) manipulations were conducted using clear, open-top chambers, which replicated carbonate parameter forecasts for the year 2100. Nutrient enrichment consisted of monthly additions of slow-release fertilizer, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), to the sediments at rates equivalent to theoretical maximum rates of anthropogenic loading within the region (1.54 g N/m**2/d and 0.24 g P m**2/d).

3. Epiphyte community structure was assessed on a seasonal basis and revealed declines in the abundance of coralline algae, along with increases in filamentous algae under elevated CO2(aq). Surprisingly, nutrient enrichment had no effect on epiphyte community structure or overall epiphyte loading. Interactions between CO2(aq) and nutrient enrichment were not detected. Furthermore, CO2(aq)-mediated responses in the epiphyte community displayed strong seasonality, suggesting that climate change studies in variable environments should be conducted over extended time-scales.

4. Synthesis. The observed responses indicate that for certain locations, global stressors such as ocean acidification may take precedence over local eutrophication in altering the community structure of seagrass epiphyte assemblages. Given that nutrient-driven algal overgrowth is commonly cited as a widespread cause of seagrass decline, our findings highlight that alternate climate change forces may exert proximate control over epiphyte community structure.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Field experiment; Macro-nutrients; North Atlantic; Soft-bottom community; Spirorbis sp.; Temperate

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Latitude: 24.550000 * Longitude: -81.750000

Date/Time Start: 2010-08-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2011-07-18T00:00:00

Event(s):

Florida_Keys_OA * Latitude: 24.550000 * Longitude: -81.750000 * Date/Time Start: 2010-08-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2011-07-18T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-07-25.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Figure	Fig		Campbell, Justin E
2	Treatment	Treat		Campbell, Justin E
3	Species	Species		Campbell, Justin E
4	Coverage	Cov	%	Campbell, Justin E
5	Coverage, standard error	Cov std e	±	Campbell, Justin E
6	Calcium carbonate, mass	CaCO3	g	Campbell, Justin E		load, per g dry plant mass
7	Calcium carbonate, standard error	CaCO3 std e	±	Campbell, Justin E		load, per g dry plant mass
8	Abundance	Abund	#/shoot	Campbell, Justin E
9	Abundance, standard error	Abund std e	±	Campbell, Justin E
10	Chlorophyll a	Chl a	µg/cm	Campbell, Justin E		per leaf area
11	Chlorophyll a, standard error	Chl a std e	±	Campbell, Justin E		per leaf area
12	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Campbell, Justin E
13	Salinity	Sal		Campbell, Justin E
14	pH	pH		Campbell, Justin E		NBS scale
15	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Campbell, Justin E
16	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Campbell, Justin E
17	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Campbell, Justin E
18	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Campbell, Justin E
19	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Campbell, Justin E
20	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Campbell, Justin E
21	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Campbell, Justin E
22	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
23	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
24	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
31	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1776 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Fig	2 Treat	3 Species	4 Cov [%]	5 Cov std e [±]	6 CaCO3 [g] (load, per g dry plant mass)	7 CaCO3 std e [±] (load, per g dry plant mass)	8 Abund [#/shoot]	9 Abund std e [±]	10 Chl a [µg/cm] (per leaf area)	11 Chl a std e [±] (per leaf area)	12 Temp [°C]	13 Sal	14 pH (NBS scale)	15 DIC [µmol/kg]	16 CO2 [µmol/kg]	17 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	18 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	19 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	20 Omega Cal	21 Omega Arg	22 CSC flag	23 pH (total scale)	24 CO2 [µmol/kg]	25 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	26 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	27 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	28 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	29 AT [µmol/kg]	30 Omega Arg	31 Omega Cal
1a	Winter open plot	Coralline algae (macroalga)	18.5228	2.8834							29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1a	Winter Lo CO2 chamber	Coralline algae (macroalga)	18.9663	7.2204							29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1a	Winter Hi CO2 chamber	Coralline algae (macroalga)	0.3980	0.2437							29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1a	Winter open plot +NP	Coralline algae (macroalga)	19.6889	2.0668							29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1a	Winter Lo CO2 chamber +NP	Coralline algae (macroalga)	21.8000	3.9925							29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1a	Winter Hi CO2 chamber +NP	Coralline algae (macroalga)	1.8266	1.3476							29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1a	Summer open plot	Coralline algae (macroalga)	8.6580	1.3512							29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1a	Summer Lo CO2 chamber	Coralline algae (macroalga)	10.7040	2.5320							29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1a	Summer Hi CO2 chamber	Coralline algae (macroalga)	4.6400	1.8188							29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1a	Summer open plot +NP	Coralline algae (macroalga)	10.6580	3.6732							29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1a	Summer Lo CO2 chamber +NP	Coralline algae (macroalga)	13.6320	1.4830							29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1a	Summer Hi CO2 chamber +NP	Coralline algae (macroalga)	5.8380	2.0531							29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1b	Winter open plot				0.1139	0.0231					29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1b	Winter Lo CO2 chamber				0.1126	0.0372					29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1b	Winter Hi CO2 chamber				0.0042	0.0035					29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1b	Winter open plot +NP				0.0761	0.0175					29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1b	Winter Lo CO2 chamber +NP				0.1436	0.0264					29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1b	Winter Hi CO2 chamber +NP				0.0244	0.0214					29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1b	Summer open plot				0.0186	0.0053					29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1b	Summer Lo CO2 chamber				0.0307	0.0121					29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1b	Summer Hi CO2 chamber				0.0329	0.0274					29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1b	Summer open plot +NP				0.0243	0.0102					29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1b	Summer Lo CO2 chamber +NP				0.0241	0.0135					29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1b	Summer Hi CO2 chamber +NP				0.0193	0.0106					29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1c	Winter open plot	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					9.2	1.5937			29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1c	Winter Lo CO2 chamber	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					19.0	7.9561			29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1c	Winter Hi CO2 chamber	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					2.0	0.8944			29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1c	Winter open plot +NP	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					6.6	2.1587			29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1c	Winter Lo CO2 chamber +NP	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					48.8	20.9962			29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1c	Winter Hi CO2 chamber +NP	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					1.2	0.7348			29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1c	Summer open plot	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					12.4	4.6217			29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1c	Summer Lo CO2 chamber	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					4.8	1.4967			29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1c	Summer Hi CO2 chamber	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					0.8	0.5831			29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1c	Summer open plot +NP	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					8.8	4.0050			29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1c	Summer Lo CO2 chamber +NP	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					23.6	9.0807			29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1c	Summer Hi CO2 chamber +NP	Spirorbis sp. (polychaete)					0.6	0.2449			29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1d	Winter open plot	Foraminifera (protist)					10.2	2.6153			29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1d	Winter Lo CO2 chamber	Foraminifera (protist)					1.8	1.1136			29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1d	Winter Hi CO2 chamber	Foraminifera (protist)					1.0	0.4472			29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1d	Winter open plot +NP	Foraminifera (protist)					7.8	2.2000			29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1d	Winter Lo CO2 chamber +NP	Foraminifera (protist)					1.8	1.1136			29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1d	Winter Hi CO2 chamber +NP	Foraminifera (protist)					2.4	1.5033			29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1d	Summer open plot	Foraminifera (protist)					4.2	1.6553			29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1d	Summer Lo CO2 chamber	Foraminifera (protist)					1.2	0.4899			29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1d	Summer Hi CO2 chamber	Foraminifera (protist)					0.2	0.2000			29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1d	Summer open plot +NP	Foraminifera (protist)					0.8	0.5831			29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1d	Summer Lo CO2 chamber +NP	Foraminifera (protist)					1.2	0.5831			29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1d	Summer Hi CO2 chamber +NP	Foraminifera (protist)					0.2	0.2000			29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1e	Winter open plot	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	0.7921	0.7921							29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1e	Winter Lo CO2 chamber	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	0.5980	0.2441							29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1e	Winter Hi CO2 chamber	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	7.5940	4.4580							29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1e	Winter open plot +NP	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	0.8020	0.5833							29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1e	Winter Lo CO2 chamber +NP	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	0.2000	0.2000							29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1e	Winter Hi CO2 chamber +NP	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	7.9569	5.4789							29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1e	Summer open plot	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	1.5380	0.8847							29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1e	Summer Lo CO2 chamber	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	3.6220	2.0837							29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1e	Summer Hi CO2 chamber	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	11.1640	8.0086							29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1e	Summer open plot +NP	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	0.2000	0.2000							29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1e	Summer Lo CO2 chamber +NP	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	6.6000	4.2849							29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1e	Summer Hi CO2 chamber +NP	Filamentous algae (macroalga)	9.2300	3.4234							29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1f	Winter open plot								0.1951	0.0119	29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1f	Winter Lo CO2 chamber								0.1284	0.0229	29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1f	Winter Hi CO2 chamber								0.1137	0.0185	29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1f	Winter open plot +NP								0.1541	0.0105	29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1f	Winter Lo CO2 chamber +NP								0.1343	0.0134	29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1f	Winter Hi CO2 chamber +NP								0.1329	0.0533	29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70
1f	Summer open plot								0.2477	0.0489	29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.6	1866	262	447.0	6.3	4.2	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1f	Summer Lo CO2 chamber								0.3747	0.1181	29.1	35.5	8.20	2132	11.1	1853	268	429.0	6.5	4.3	15	8.05	10.64	416.35	415.11	1854.89	266.47	2500.04	4.30	6.43
1f	Summer Hi CO2 chamber								0.7195	0.4419	29.1	35.5	7.86	2319	29.9	2138	151	1147.0	3.7	2.4	15	7.71	26.99	1056.00	1052.84	2150.76	141.25	2491.64	2.28	3.41
1f	Summer open plot +NP								0.1779	0.0441	29.1	35.5	8.19	2140	11.5	1865	263	445.4	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.96	428.82	427.54	1866.94	262.10	2501.35	4.23	6.33
1f	Summer Lo CO2 chamber +NP								0.2538	0.0795	29.1	35.5	8.19	2136	11.3	1860	265	437.0	6.4	4.3	15	8.04	10.94	428.02	426.74	1863.45	261.61	2496.88	4.22	6.31
1f	Summer Hi CO2 chamber +NP								0.3018	0.0767	29.1	35.5	7.90	2305	27.4	2119	159	1054.0	3.8	2.6	15	7.75	24.35	952.69	949.84	2127.45	153.20	2497.14	2.47	3.70