Citation:

bg-11-333-2014

Name: Photosynthetic activity buffers ocean acidification in seagrass meadows
Published: 2014-07-16
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Coast and continental shelf; Field observation; Growth/Morphology; Macroalgae; Mediterranean Sea; Plantae; Posidonia oceanica; Single species; Temperate; Tracheophyta

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Abstract:

Macrophytes growing in shallow coastal zones characterised by intense metabolic activity have the capacity to modify pH within their canopy and beyond. We observed diel pH changes in shallow (5-12 m) seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) meadows spanning 0.06 pH units in September to 0.24 units in June. The carbonate system (pH, DIC, and aragonite saturation state (omega Ar)) and O2 within the meadows displayed strong diel variability driven by primary productivity, and changes in chemistry were related to structural parameters of the meadow, in particular, the leaf surface area available for photosynthesis (LAI). LAI was positively correlated to mean, max and range pHNBS and max and range omega Ar. In June, vertical mixing (as Turbulent Kinetic Energy) influenced max and min omega Ar, while in September there was no effect of hydrodynamics on the carbonate system within the canopy. Max and range omega Ar within the meadow showed a positive trend with the calcium carbonate load of the leaves, pointing to a possible link between structural parameters, omega Ar and carbonate deposition.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Coast and continental shelf; Field observation; Growth/Morphology; Macroalgae; Mediterranean Sea; Plantae; Posidonia oceanica; Single species; Temperate; Tracheophyta

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Mediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate (MedSeA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 265103 : Mediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-07-16.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Hendriks, Iris
2	Time point, descriptive	Time point		Hendriks, Iris		year
3	Season	Season		Hendriks, Iris
4	Station label	Station		Hendriks, Iris
5	Site	Site		Hendriks, Iris
6	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Hendriks, Iris
7	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Hendriks, Iris
8	Illuminance	E v	lx	Hendriks, Iris
9	Illuminance, standard deviation	E v std dev	±	Hendriks, Iris
10	Shoot density	Shoot den	#/m²	Hendriks, Iris
11	Shoot density, standard error	Shoot den std e	±	Hendriks, Iris
12	Biomass	Biom	g/m²	Hendriks, Iris
13	Leaf area index	LAI		Hendriks, Iris
14	Calcium carbonate, inorganic	CaCO3 inorg		Hendriks, Iris		per m**2
15	Oxygen	O2	µmol/l	Hendriks, Iris		mean
16	Oxygen	O2	µmol/l	Hendriks, Iris		range
17	Time	Time	%	Hendriks, Iris		over unvegetated pH
18	Flow velocity, water	Vel water	m/s	Hendriks, Iris
19	Flow velocity, water, standard error	Vel water std e	±	Hendriks, Iris
20	pH	pH		Hendriks, Iris	Potentiometric	NBS scale, max
21	pH	pH		Hendriks, Iris	Potentiometric	NBS scale, min
22	pH	pH		Hendriks, Iris	Potentiometric	NBS scale, range
23	pH	pH		Hendriks, Iris	Potentiometric	NBS scale, mean
24	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Hendriks, Iris	Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 16523E6, WRMC No. 31296	max
25	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Hendriks, Iris	Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 16523E6, WRMC No. 31296	min
26	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Hendriks, Iris	Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 16523E6, WRMC No. 31296	range
27	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Hendriks, Iris	Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 16523E6, WRMC No. 31296	mean
28	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Hendriks, Iris	Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 16523E6, WRMC No. 31296	mean
29	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Hendriks, Iris	Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 16523E6, WRMC No. 31296	range
30	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Hendriks, Iris	Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 16523E6, WRMC No. 31296	mean
31	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Hendriks, Iris	Pyrheliometer, Eppley, NIP, SN 16523E6, WRMC No. 31296	range
32	Salinity	Sal		Hendriks, Iris
33	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Hendriks, Iris
34	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
36	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
40	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
42	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
43	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

560 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Species	2 Time point (year)	3 Season	4 Station	5 Site	6 Temp [°C]	7 Temp std dev [±]	8 E v [lx]	9 E v std dev [±]	10 Shoot den [#/m²]	11 Shoot den std e [±]	12 Biom [g/m²]	13 LAI	14 CaCO3 inorg (per m**2)	15 O2 [µmol/l] (mean)	16 O2 [µmol/l] (range)	17 Time [%] (over unvegetated pH)	18 Vel water [m/s]	19 Vel water std e [±]	20 pH (NBS scale, max, Potentiometric)	21 pH (NBS scale, min, Potentiometric)	22 pH (NBS scale, range, Potentiometric)	23 pH (NBS scale, mean, Potentiometric)	24 Omega Arg (max, Pyrheliometer, Eppley, N...)	25 Omega Arg (min, Pyrheliometer, Eppley, N...)	26 Omega Arg (range, Pyrheliometer, Eppley,...)	27 Omega Arg (mean, Pyrheliometer, Eppley, ...)	28 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (mean, Pyrheliometer, Eppley, ...)	29 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (range, Pyrheliometer, Eppley,...)	30 DIC [µmol/kg] (mean, Pyrheliometer, Eppley, ...)	31 DIC [µmol/kg] (range, Pyrheliometer, Eppley,...)	32 Sal	33 Sal std dev [±]	34 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	35 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	36 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	37 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	38 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	39 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	40 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	41 AT [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	42 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	43 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2011	fall	Sta Maria	STM1	26.6	0.16	6644	841	582	68	515.48	1.23	51.716	181.56	107.813	66	0.012	0.0003	8.10	7.99	0.11	7.99	3.49	2.82	0.67	2.84	714.010	381.32	2237.40	120.40
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2011	fall	Sta Maria	STM2	26.5	0.16	6644	841	778	87	419.57	1.22	45.409	182.50	86.875	84			8.05	7.98	0.07	8.00	3.20	2.78	0.41	2.93	685.260	257.01	2227.95	78.19	40.24	0.02	15	7.87	18	683	681	2020	190	2487	2.91	4.37
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2011	fall	St Elm	STE1	26.8	0.07	5442	414	368	90	465.75	0.69	35.696	191.25	47.188	100	0.013	0.0005	8.06	8.00	0.06	8.02	3.23	2.93	0.30	2.99	655.270	119.20	2204.51	63.16	40.29	0.03	15	7.88	17	650	648	1991	197	2475	3.01	4.52
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2011	fall	St Elm	STE2	26.8	0.08	5442	414	456	56	647.37	1.39	54.165			100	0.012	0.0005	8.12	8.02	0.10	8.06	3.67	3.04	0.63	3.23	586.760	202.39	2180.18	79.32	40.19	0.03	15	7.92	15	586	584	1955	210	2472	3.22	4.83
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2011	fall	Magalluf	MAG1	26.4	0.20	6711	1097	580	51	606.02	1.35	88.049	188.12	41.875	100	0.018	0.0006	8.09	8.04	0.04	8.06	3.42	3.11	0.31	3.22	582.690	105.46	2194.53	45.66	40.45	0.03	15	7.92	15	583	581	1968	211	2488	3.23	4.85
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2011	fall	Magalluf	MAG2	26.3	0.20	6711	1097	582	60	793.42	2.10	94.439	200.31	71.875	100	0.019	0.0006	8.12	8.03	0.09	8.06	3.63	3.04	0.59	3.23	583.600	155.81	2194.66	62.51	40.31	0.04	15	7.92	16	582	580	1969	210	2487	3.22	4.84
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2012	spring	Son Veri Nou	SVN1	23.4	0.33	8230	1525	607	107	714.85	1.90	113.457	232.50	85.938	89	0.007	0.0003	8.17	8.00	0.17	8.03	3.59	2.60	0.99	2.81	628.620	452.32	2247.03	154.70	40.83	0.04	15	7.91	18	615	613	2039	191	2509	2.87	4.35
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2012	spring	Son Veri Nou	SVN2	23.4	0.30	8230	1525	577	102	417.34	1.10	83.477	224.69	93.438	67			8.05	7.95	0.10	7.99	2.85	2.33	0.52	2.58	704.350	286.02	2272.93	78.13	38.76	0.14	15	7.86	20	700	698	2085	168	2496	2.57	3.91
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2012	spring	Cala Blava	CBL1	23.2	0.35	7056	842	624	104	1012.86	2.90		240.62	200.313	53	0.006	0.0002	8.15	7.95	0.20	7.98	3.39	2.34	1.04	2.54	714.480	507.65	2266.70	147.30	39.04	0.04	15	7.86	21	707	705	2081	165	2487	2.53	3.84
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2012	spring	Cala Blava	CBL2	23.2	0.35	7056	842	537	157	648.51	2.47	123.970	240.00	172.813	89	0.007	0.0003	8.22	7.99	0.23	8.02	3.85	2.54	1.31	2.73	645.850	490.79	2247.51	170.96	38.80	0.05	15	7.89	19	638	636	2052	177	2487	2.71	4.12
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2012	spring	Magalluf	MAG3	23.4	0.24	8752	2348	467	144	712.99	2.76	75.149	240.62	85.625	100	0.004	0.0002	8.20	8.11	0.09	8.14	3.80	3.21	0.59	3.43	462.700	155.98	2183.75	86.28	38.79	0.09	15	8.01	13	461	459	1947	223	2495	3.42	5.19
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2012	spring	Magalluf	MAG4	23.7	0.40	8752	2348	587	156	623.00	2.41	68.093				0.003	0.0001									463.080	281.34	2174.50	136.76
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2012	spring	Portals	PPO1	23.6	0.25	8646	2894	440	177	636.78	2.42	73.678	245.94	147.500	100	0.002	0.0001	8.20	8.03	0.17	8.14	3.83	2.74	1.09	3.45	471.850	265.46	2182.80	130.77	38.77	0.25	15	8.02	13	460	458	1945	225	2496	3.45	5.23
Posidonia oceanica (seagrass)	2012	spring	Portals	PPO2	23.6	0.24	8646	2894	610	184	807.46	3.48	58.260	242.81	135.313	100	0.002	0.0001	8.20	8.03	0.17	8.14	3.86	2.78	1.08	3.41	714.010	381.32	2237.40	120.40	40.82	0.03	15	8.01	13	474	473	1987	237	2569	3.57	5.41