Citation:

journal.pone.0104738.t003

Name: Impacts of groundwater discharge at Myora Springs (North Stradbroke Island, Australia) on the phenolic metabolism of eelgrass, Zostera muelleri, and grazing by the juvenile rabbitfish, Siganus fuscescens
Published: 2014-07-16
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Cymodocea nodosa; Field experiment; Macroalgae; Other metabolic rates; Plantae; Ruppia maritima; Single species; South Pacific; Temperate; Tracheophyta; Zostera muelleri

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Abstract:

Myora Springs is one of many groundwater discharge sites on North Stradbroke Island (Queensland, Australia). Here spring waters emerge from wetland forests to join Moreton Bay, mixing with seawater over seagrass meadows dominated by eelgrass, Zostera muelleri. We sought to determine how low pH / high CO2 conditions near the spring affect these plants and their interactions with the black rabbitfish (Siganus fuscescens), a co-occurring grazer. In paired-choice feeding trials S. fuscescens preferentially consumed Z. muelleri shoots collected nearest to Myora Springs. Proximity to the spring did not significantly alter the carbon and nitrogen contents of seagrass tissues but did result in the extraordinary loss of soluble phenolics, including Folin-reactive phenolics, condensed tannins, and phenolic acids by ?87%. Conversely, seagrass lignin contents were, in this and related experiments, unaffected or increased, suggesting a shift in secondary metabolism away from the production of soluble, but not insoluble, (poly)phenolics. We suggest that groundwater discharge sites such as Myora Springs, and other sites characterized by low pH, are likely to be popular feeding grounds for seagrass grazers seeking to reduce their exposure to soluble phenolics.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Cymodocea nodosa; Field experiment; Macroalgae; Other metabolic rates; Plantae; Ruppia maritima; Single species; South Pacific; Temperate; Tracheophyta; Zostera muelleri

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 16.335367 * Median Longitude: 30.662743 * South-bound Latitude: -27.580000 * West-bound Longitude: -76.442640 * North-bound Latitude: 38.419030 * East-bound Longitude: 153.470000

Date/Time Start: 2010-05-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2011-05-31T00:00:00

Event(s):

Aeolian_archipelago * Latitude: 38.419030 * Longitude: 14.960870 * Date/Time Start: 2011-05-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2011-05-31T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

North_Stradbroke_Island * Latitude: -27.580000 * Longitude: 153.470000

St_Mary_River * Latitude: 38.167070 * Longitude: -76.442640 * Date/Time Start: 2010-05-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2010-07-31T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-07-15.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event
2	Species	Species		Arnold, Thomas
3	Distance	Distance	m	Arnold, Thomas		from seep
4	Identification	ID		Arnold, Thomas
5	Location	Location		Arnold, Thomas
6	δ13C	δ13C	‰ PDB	Arnold, Thomas
7	δ15N	δ15N	‰ air	Arnold, Thomas
8	Carbon, total	TC	%	Arnold, Thomas		tissue
9	Nitrogen, total	TN	%	Arnold, Thomas		tissue
10	Carbon/Nitrogen ratio	C/N		Arnold, Thomas
11	Phenolics, reactive, total	Ph reactive	mg/g	Arnold, Thomas
12	Proanthocyanidins	Proanthocyanidins	mg/g	Arnold, Thomas
13	Gallic acid	C6H2(OH)	mg/g	Arnold, Thomas
14	Rosmarinic acid	C18H16O8	mg/g	Arnold, Thomas
15	Caffeic acid	C9H8O4	mg/g	Arnold, Thomas
16	Lignin	Lignin	µg/g	Arnold, Thomas		2012 samples
17	Lignin	Lignin	µg/g	Arnold, Thomas		2014 samples
18	Proteins	Protein	%	Arnold, Thomas		crude
19	Proteins	Protein	%	Arnold, Thomas		adjusted
20	Starch	Starch	%	Arnold, Thomas
21	Sugars	Sugar	%	Arnold, Thomas
22	Lignin	Lignin	%	Arnold, Thomas
23	Salinity	Sal		Arnold, Thomas
24	Salinity, standard error	Sal std e	±	Arnold, Thomas
25	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Arnold, Thomas
26	Temperature, water, standard error	T std e	±	Arnold, Thomas
27	pH	pH		Arnold, Thomas		NBS scale, measured at 25 °C
28	pH, standard error	pH std e	±	Arnold, Thomas		NBS scale
29	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Arnold, Thomas
30	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error	pCO2water_SST_wet std e	±	Arnold, Thomas
31	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Arnold, Thomas
32	Alkalinity, total, standard error	AT std e	±	Arnold, Thomas
33	Alkalinity, total	AT	mg/l	Arnold, Thomas		as CaCO3
34	Alkalinity, total, standard error	AT std e	±	Arnold, Thomas		as CaCO3
35	Nitrogen, total	TN	mg/l	Arnold, Thomas		total Kjel.
36	Nitrogen, standard error	N std e	±	Arnold, Thomas		total Kjel.
37	Nitrogen in nitrate	N-[NO3]-	mg/l	Arnold, Thomas
38	Nitrogen in nitrate, standard error	N-[NO3]- std e	±	Arnold, Thomas
39	Nitrogen in nitrite + nitrate	N-[NO2]- + [NO3]-	mg/l	Arnold, Thomas
40	Nitrogen in nitrite + nitrate, standard error	N-[NO2]- + [NO3]- std e	±	Arnold, Thomas
41	Nitrogen in nitrite	N-[NO2]-	mg/l	Arnold, Thomas
42	Nitrogen in nitrite, standard error	N-[NO2]- std e	±	Arnold, Thomas
43	Nitrogen, total	TN	mg/l	Arnold, Thomas
44	Nitrogen, standard error	N std e	±	Arnold, Thomas
45	Sulfate	[SO4]2-	mg/l	Arnold, Thomas
46	Sulfate, standard error	[SO4]2- std e	±	Arnold, Thomas
47	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
48	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
49	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
50	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
51	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
52	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
53	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
54	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
55	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
56	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

2473 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Species	3 Distance [m] (from seep)	4 ID	5 Location	6 δ13C [‰ PDB]	7 δ15N [‰ air]	8 TC [%] (tissue)	9 TN [%] (tissue)	10 C/N	11 Ph reactive [mg/g]	12 Proanthocyanidins [mg/g]	13 C6H2(OH) [mg/g]	14 C18H16O8 [mg/g]	15 C9H8O4 [mg/g]	16 Lignin [µg/g] (2012 samples)	17 Lignin [µg/g] (2014 samples)	18 Protein [%] (crude)	19 Protein [%] (adjusted)	20 Starch [%]	21 Sugar [%]	22 Lignin [%]	23 Sal	24 Sal std e [±]	25 Temp [°C]	26 T std e [±]	27 pH (NBS scale, measured at 25 °C)	28 pH std e [±] (NBS scale)	29 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	30 pCO2water_SST_wet std e [±]	31 AT [µmol/kg]	32 AT std e [±]	33 AT [mg/l] (as CaCO3)	34 AT std e [±] (as CaCO3)	35 TN [mg/l] (total Kjel.)	36 N std e [±] (total Kjel.)	37 N-[NO3]- [mg/l]	38 N-[NO3]- std e [±]	39 N-[NO2]- + [NO3]- [mg/l]	40 N-[NO2]- + [NO3]- std e [±]	41 N-[NO2]- [mg/l]	42 N-[NO2]- std e [±]	43 TN [mg/l]	44 N std e [±]	45 [SO4]2- [mg/l]	46 [SO4]2- std e [±]	47 CSC flag	48 pH (total scale)	49 CO2 [µmol/kg]	50 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	51 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	52 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	53 DIC [µmol/kg]	54 AT [µmol/kg]	55 Omega Arg	56 Omega Cal
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring	-11.0042	2.3860	31.2254	2.0656	15.1168													35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring	-10.0658	2.5756	54.0624	3.4105	15.8517													35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring	-10.8353	1.6125	27.1715	1.5363	17.6864													35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring	-10.7890	2.0910	33.3589	2.0833	16.0125													35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring	-9.3995	2.4442	36.9676	2.1159	17.4716													35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring	-10.3052	2.4597	35.9435	2.3536	15.2718													35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring	-9.0218	2.4638	32.4129	2.2488	14.4136													35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background	-9.4612	1.9096	36.1419	2.2335	16.1817													35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background	-7.8576	1.8374	30.9966	2.0367	15.2188													35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background	-7.8688	0.8776	25.2864	1.7411	14.5231													35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background	-9.5029	1.7824	28.3102	1.7446	16.2275													35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background	-8.0486	1.2677	34.6623	2.1386	16.2081													35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background	-8.1787	1.4207	33.3858	2.1937	15.2192													35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background	-8.6754	1.9043	24.8256	1.5552	15.9627													35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring						0.7150	22.0263											35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring						0.0985	13.9443											35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring						0.9897	22.1303											35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring						0.1277	6.9720											35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring						0.4913	-6.6359											35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring						0.8007	-5.5324											35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring						0.3008	7.7922											35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring						0.0745	-36.1275											35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring						0.1873	14.1568											35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring						0.7150	-42.7488											35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background						2.3130	112.7000											35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background						4.9191	147.5255											35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background						4.6067	100.5392											35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background						2.9446	160.7107											35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background						1.8764	148.3247											35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background						3.1079	213.5606											35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background						2.5486	233.0769											35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background						4.0572	188.5678											35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background						3.2980	199.9010											35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background						2.5561	43.8725											35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring								0.0139	0.0000	0.0000								35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring								0.0116	0.0000	0.0000								35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring								0.0158	0.1092	0.0000								35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring								0.0200	0.0000	0.0000								35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring								0.0121	0.0682	0.0000								35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background								0.1289	24.1172	0.0000								35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background								0.1145	14.5349	0.0238								35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background								0.2824	23.9163	0.0000								35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background								0.2876	25.8799	0.0000								35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background								0.3071	26.3558	0.0000								35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring											2911.166	5932.073						35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring											1109.509	10713.630						35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring											1620.608	5304.555						35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Near Spring											2235.778							35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0																	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background											2357.727	4372.556						35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background											1241.532	12830.810						35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background											1382.404	7190.734						35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
North_Stradbroke_Island	Zostera muelleri (seagrass)			Background												5814.589						35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0																	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																13.2	11.9	5.4	13.1		17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																14.7	13.4	4.8	11.6		17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																14.6	12.3	1.4	4.2		17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																14.4	12.8	3.2	6.9		17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																12.7	10.9	4.0	7.7		17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																13.4	12.1	6.0	13.5		17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																15.3	14.3	6.0	11.4		17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																14.6	13.1	2.7	9.2		17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																13.8	12.0	2.7	9.2		17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																12.0	10.3	2.6	8.7		17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																16.1	13.9	3.2	4.4		17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																14.0	12.9	6.0	15.2		17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																15.1	12.5	1.7	4.2		17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																15.4	14.0	2.2	10.9		17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																16.1	14.5	2.3	11.0		17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				14.210	17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				13.870	17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				11.640	17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				11.060	17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				12.230	17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				14.110	17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				16.250	17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				14.630	17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				17.260	17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				16.080	17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				11.990	17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				16.540	17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				15.700	17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)																				16.760	17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-13.8881	10.8785																17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-13.2472	10.7503	22.0803	2.3521	9.3654													17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-13.0421	10.7845																17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.4122	10.9716	18.9315	1.6073	11.7058													17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.6064	11.0963																17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.6387	11.1886	29.0258	2.3512	12.3461													17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.6143	10.7614																17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.0825	10.9775	25.8863	2.0216	12.8668													17.00		25.00		6.90		6792.0		1455.0																24	6.78	211.1	6770.6	1441.2	5.7	1658.1		0.10	0.16
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-13.8139	11.2084		2.4883														17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-14.1476	10.7326	21.3030		8.5606													17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.3404	11.4540		2.1443														17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.3969	11.3514	30.2566		14.1578													17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.6803	11.3031		2.7954														17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.9353	11.2748	29.9487		10.7149													17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.3472	10.7587		2.3886														17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.6589	10.9369	30.3545		12.6984													17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-11.7767	11.0451		2.2524														17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-11.6149	11.1055	33.6344		14.9351													17.00		25.00		8.00		469.3		1444.0																24	7.89	14.6	467.8	1283.9	65.9	1364.4		1.11	1.83
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-13.1757	11.1175	24.5136															17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.9731	10.8364		2.5187	9.7163													17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-13.1001	10.9046	18.1274															17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-13.3974	11.0464		1.7991	10.0797													17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-14.1574	11.0733	22.7439															17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-14.2426	11.1680		2.7195	8.3555													17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.4023	11.2469	29.7693															17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
St_Mary_River	Ruppia maritima (seagrass)				-12.1851	11.1232		2.3340	12.8077													17.00		25.00		8.40		157.8		1467.0																24	8.30	4.9	157.3	1111.2	146.8	1262.9		2.48	4.08
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	260	S260A		-11.6291	0.2583	47.0465	2.1684	21.6963							5.240						37.16	0.07			8.11	0.01	422.0	43.0	2549.6	29.6
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	260	S260B		-12.2191	0.1347	39.1158	1.7259	22.6644							5.940						37.16	0.07			8.11	0.01	422.0	43.0	2549.6	29.6
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	260	S260C		-12.2287	-0.0175	29.6420	1.3318	22.2577							5.740						37.16	0.07			8.11	0.01	422.0	43.0	2549.6	29.6
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	260	S260D		-11.5376	0.2121	40.1171	1.7907	22.4030							5.900						37.16	0.07			8.11	0.01	422.0	43.0	2549.6	29.6
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	300	S300A		-11.6761	0.1470	30.8794	1.2741	24.2368							4.190						37.12	0.06			7.84	0.04	976.0	269.5	2555.9	28.9
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	300	S300B		-11.7223	0.1485	21.4515	0.8862	24.2064							4.220						37.12	0.06			7.84	0.04	976.0	269.5	2555.9	28.9
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	300	S300C		-11.7601	0.2070	41.0627	1.7011	24.1382							4.180						37.12	0.06			7.84	0.04	976.0	269.5	2555.9	28.9
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	300	S300D		-11.5490	0.0280	34.1725	1.3986	24.4329							4.610						37.12	0.06			7.84	0.04	976.0	269.5	2555.9	28.9
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	380	S380A		-11.4642	1.5262	23.0305	1.1443	20.1259							3.820						37.05	0.10			7.32	0.05	4009.0	1442.7	2592.5	48.3
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	380	S380B		-11.4545	1.5340	34.3056	1.7451	19.6585							3.720						37.05	0.10			7.32	0.05	4009.0	1442.7	2592.5	48.3
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	380	S380C		-11.4034	2.2335	4.5525	0.2676	17.0123							3.830						37.05	0.10			7.32	0.05	4009.0	1442.7	2592.5	48.3
Aeolian_archipelago	Cymodocea nodosa (seagrass)	380	S380D		-11.3469	1.4696	33.2321	1.7220	19.2989							4.010						37.05	0.10			7.32	0.05	4009.0	1442.7	2592.5	48.3
North_Stradbroke_Island				Spring																		2.70	0.80	23.15	0.66	5.50	0.10							0.117	0.003	0.117	0.009	0.120	0.006	0.004	0.000	0.237	0.003	2.6	0.3
North_Stradbroke_Island				5-10m																		35.30	0.20	24.92	0.16	7.80	0.30	1749.0	157.0			120	0	0.192	0.039	0.049	0.014	0.054	0.014	0.005	0.001	0.248	0.026	1937.5	531.3	29	7.67	49.0	1737.0	3247.0	163.0	3459.0	3619	2.58	3.91
North_Stradbroke_Island				30-40m																		35.40	0.30	25.56	0.97	8.50	0.00	572.0	0.0			120	0	0.287	0.024	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.001	0.005	0.000	0.307	0.024	2566.7	120.2	29	8.36	16.0	583.0	5324.0	1345.0	6684.0	8182	21.32	32.27