Citation:

1462-2920.12424

Name: Trichodesmium's strategies to alleviate phosphorus limitation in the future acidified oceans
Published: 2014-07-07
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Bacteria; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Cyanobacteria; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Macro-nutrients; Not applicable; Other metabolic rates; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species; Trichodesmium erythraeum

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Abstract:

Global warming may exacerbate inorganic nutrient limitation, including phosphorus (P), in the surface-waters of tropical oceans that are home to extensive blooms of the marine diazotrophic cyanobacterium, Trichodesmium. We examined the combined effects of P limitation and pCO2, forecast under ocean acidification scenarios, on Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101 cultures. We measured nitrogen acquisition, glutamine synthetase activity, C uptake rates, intracellular Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) concentration and the pool sizes of related key proteins. Here, we present data supporting the idea that cellular energy re-allocation enables the higher growth and N2 fixation rates detected in Trichodesmium cultured under high pCO2. This is reflected in altered protein abundance and metabolic pools. Also modified are particulate organic carbon and nitrogen production rates, enzymatic activities, and cellular ATP concentrations. We suggest that adjusting these cellular pathways to changing environmental conditions enables Trichodesmium to compensate for low P availability and to thrive in acidified oceans. Moreover, elevated pCO2 could provide Trichodesmium with a competitive dominance that would extend its niche, particularly in P-limited regions of the tropical and subtropical oceans.

Keyword(s):

Bacteria; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Cyanobacteria; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Macro-nutrients; Not applicable; Other metabolic rates; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species; Trichodesmium erythraeum

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-07-07.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Levitan, Orly
2	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Levitan, Orly
3	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Levitan, Orly
4	Incubation duration	Inc dur	h	Levitan, Orly
5	Glutamine synthetase biosynthetic activity per cell	GS biosynth act/cell	µmol/#/h	Levitan, Orly
6	Glutamine synthetase biosynthetic activity, standard deviation	GS biosynth act std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
7	Carbon uptake rate per cell	C upt rate/cell	mg/#/h	Levitan, Orly
8	Carbon uptake rate, standard deviation	C upt rate std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
9	Adenosine 5-Triphosphate, per cell	ATP/cell	fmol/#	Levitan, Orly
10	Adenosine 5-Triphosphate, standard deviation	ATP std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
11	Glutamine synthetase transferase/biosynthetic activity ratio	GST/GS biosynth act		Levitan, Orly
12	Glutamine synthetase transferase/biosynthetic activity ratio, standard deviation	GST/GS biosynth act std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
13	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Levitan, Orly	Calculated using CO2SYS
14	Carbon dioxide, standard deviation	CO2 std dev	±	Levitan, Orly	Calculated using CO2SYS
15	pH	pH		Levitan, Orly		NBS scale
16	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Levitan, Orly		NBS scale
17	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Levitan, Orly	Calculated using CO2SYS
18	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Levitan, Orly	Calculated using CO2SYS
19	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Levitan, Orly
20	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
21	Salinity	Sal		Levitan, Orly
22	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Levitan, Orly
23	Growth rate	µ	#/day	Levitan, Orly
24	Growth rate, standard deviation	µ std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
25	Length	l	mm	Levitan, Orly		filament
26	Length, standard deviation	l std dev	±	Levitan, Orly		filament
27	Length	l	µm	Levitan, Orly		cell
28	Length, standard deviation	l std dev	±	Levitan, Orly		cell
29	Chlorophyll a per cell	Chl a/cell	pg/#	Levitan, Orly
30	Chlorophyll a, standard deviation	Chl a std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
31	Carbon/Nitrogen ratio	C/N		Levitan, Orly
32	Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation	C/N std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
33	Carbon/Phosphorus ratio	C/P		Levitan, Orly
34	Carbon/Phosphorus ratio, standard deviation	C/P std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
35	Nitrogen/Phosphorus ratio	N/P		Levitan, Orly
36	Nitrogen/Phosphorus ratio, standard deviation	N/P std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
37	Particulate organic phosphorus per cell	POP/cell	pmol/#	Levitan, Orly
38	Particulate organic phosphorus, standard deviation	POP std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
39	Particulate organic nitrogen per cell	PON/cell	pmol/#	Levitan, Orly
40	Particulate organic nitrogen, standard deviation	PON std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
41	Particulate organic carbon, per cell	POC/cell	pmol/#	Levitan, Orly
42	Particulate organic carbon content per cell, standard deviation	POC cont/cell std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
43	Production of particulate organic nitrogen	PON prod	pg/#/day	Levitan, Orly
44	Particulate organic nitrogen production, standard deviation	PON prod std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
45	Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell	POC prod/cell	pg/#/day	Levitan, Orly
46	Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation	POC prod std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
47	Photosynthetic protein, PsbC	PsaC	pmol/µg	Levitan, Orly
48	Photosynthetic protein, PsbC, standard deviation	PsaC std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
49	Photosynthetic protein PsbA	PsbA	pmol/µg	Levitan, Orly
50	Photosynthetic protein, PsbA, standard deviation	PsbA std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
51	Photosynthetic protein Rubisco	RbcL	pmol/mg	Levitan, Orly
52	Photosynthetic protein Rubisco, standard deviation	RbcL std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
53	CF1 subunit of ATP synthase protein	AtpB	pmol/mg	Levitan, Orly
54	CF1 subunit of ATP synthase protein, standard deviation	AtpB std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
55	GlnA subunit of Gln synthetase	GlnA	pmol/mg	Levitan, Orly
56	GlnA subunit of Gln synthetase, standard deviation	GlnA std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
57	Iron protein of nitrogenase	NifH	pmol/mg	Levitan, Orly
58	Iron protein of nitrogenase, standard deviation	NifH std dev	±	Levitan, Orly
59	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
60	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
61	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
62	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
63	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
64	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
65	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
66	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
67	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
68	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1003 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Species	2 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	3 [PO4]3- [µmol/l]	4 Inc dur [h]	5 GS biosynth act/cell [µmol/#/h]	6 GS biosynth act std dev [±]	7 C upt rate/cell [mg/#/h]	8 C upt rate std dev [±]	9 ATP/cell [fmol/#]	10 ATP std dev [±]	11 GST/GS biosynth act	12 GST/GS biosynth act std dev [±]	13 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	14 CO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	15 pH (NBS scale)	16 pH std dev [±] (NBS scale)	17 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	18 DIC std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	19 AT [µmol/kg]	20 AT std dev [±]	21 Sal	22 Temp [°C]	23 µ [#/day]	24 µ std dev [±]	25 l [mm] (filament)	26 l std dev [±] (filament)	27 l [µm] (cell)	28 l std dev [±] (cell)	29 Chl a/cell [pg/#]	30 Chl a std dev [±]	31 C/N	32 C/N std dev [±]	33 C/P	34 C/P std dev [±]	35 N/P	36 N/P std dev [±]	37 POP/cell [pmol/#]	38 POP std dev [±]	39 PON/cell [pmol/#]	40 PON std dev [±]	41 POC/cell [pmol/#]	42 POC cont/cell std dev [±]	43 PON prod [pg/#/day]	44 PON prod std dev [±]	45 POC prod/cell [pg/#/day]	46 POC prod std dev [±]	47 PsaC [pmol/µg]	48 PsaC std dev [±]	49 PsbA [pmol/µg]	50 PsbA std dev [±]	51 RbcL [pmol/mg]	52 RbcL std dev [±]	53 AtpB [pmol/mg]	54 AtpB std dev [±]	55 GlnA [pmol/mg]	56 GlnA std dev [±]	57 NifH [pmol/mg]	58 NifH std dev [±]	59 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	60 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	61 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	62 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	63 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	64 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	65 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	66 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	67 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	68 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	0.5	8	0.0000000816	0.0000000433	0.0000000014	0.0000000015	0.035	0.02	23.0	14.5	7.3	0.4	8.21	0.02	2066	18.4	2518	20.9	36	25																																					26	8.07	11	398	397	1909	251	2171	3.95	5.99
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	0.5	11	0.0000000879	0.0000000594	0.0000000021	0.0000000007	0.088	0.02	18.8	14.2	7.3	0.4	8.21	0.02	2066	18.4	2518	20.9	36	25																																					26	8.07	11	398	397	1909	251	2171	3.95	5.99
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	0.5	13	0.0000000885	0.0000000312	0.0000000027	0.0000000011	0.062	0.02	18.5	5.8	7.3	0.4	8.21	0.02	2066	18.4	2518	20.9	36	25																																					26	8.07	11	398	397	1909	251	2171	3.95	5.99
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	0.5	16	0.0000001441	0.0000000761	0.0000000014	0.0000000002	0.082		14.2	7.3	7.3	0.4	8.21	0.02	2066	18.4	2518	20.9	36	25																																					26	8.07	11	398	397	1909	251	2171	3.95	5.99
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	0.5	19	0.0000000691	0.0000000335	0.0000000000	0.0000000000	0.063	0.01	20.8	4.8	7.3	0.4	8.21	0.02	2066	18.4	2518	20.9	36	25																																					26	8.07	11	398	397	1909	251	2171	3.95	5.99
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	0.5	22	0.0000000865	0.0000000279	0.0000000000	0.0000000000	0.066	0.01	21.4	5.7	7.3	0.4	8.21	0.02	2066	18.4	2518	20.9	36	25																																					26	8.07	11	398	397	1909	251	2171	3.95	5.99
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	50.0	8	0.0000001305	0.0000000665	0.0000000034	0.0000000010	0.063	0.02	48.1	15.8	6.2	0.5	8.26	0.02	2031	52.7	2516	45.1	36	25																																					26	8.12	9	336	335	1809	267	2085	4.20	6.36
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	50.0	11	0.0000002145	0.0000000247	0.0000000028	0.0000000010	0.037	0.00	16.6	6.5	6.2	0.5	8.26	0.02	2031	52.7	2516	45.1	36	25																																					26	8.12	9	336	335	1809	267	2085	4.20	6.36
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	50.0	13	0.0000001424	0.0000000546	0.0000000024	0.0000000006	0.085	0.02	39.8	15.9	6.2	0.5	8.26	0.02	2031	52.7	2516	45.1	36	25																																					26	8.12	9	336	335	1809	267	2085	4.20	6.36
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	50.0	16	0.0000001272	0.0000000307	0.0000000031	0.0000000008	0.059	0.03	19.0	6.1	6.2	0.5	8.26	0.02	2031	52.7	2516	45.1	36	25																																					26	8.12	9	336	335	1809	267	2085	4.20	6.36
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	50.0	19	0.0000002248	0.0000001156	0.0000000007	0.0000000001	0.094	0.01	25.3	9.8	6.2	0.5	8.26	0.02	2031	52.7	2516	45.1	36	25																																					26	8.12	9	336	335	1809	267	2085	4.20	6.36
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	50.0	22	0.0000002548	0.0000000333	0.0000000000	0.0000000000	0.090	0.01	14.5	7.6	6.2	0.5	8.26	0.02	2031	52.7	2516	45.1	36	25																																					26	8.12	9	336	335	1809	267	2085	4.20	6.36
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	0.5	8	0.0000000734	0.0000000220	0.0000000047	0.0000000001	0.040	0.01	23.0	0.4	17.1	1.0	7.89	0.02	2144	13.1	2376	20.0	36	25																																					26	7.75	25	898	895	2059	129	2214	2.04	3.09
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	0.5	11	0.0000000898	0.0000000381	0.0000000023	0.0000000008	0.078	0.07	16.7	8.5	17.1	1.0	7.89	0.02	2144	13.1	2376	20.0	36	25																																					26	7.75	25	898	895	2059	129	2214	2.04	3.09
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	0.5	13	0.0000000928	0.0000000214	0.0000000002	0.0000000001	0.072	0.02	14.1	9.6	17.1	1.0	7.89	0.02	2144	13.1	2376	20.0	36	25																																					26	7.75	25	898	895	2059	129	2214	2.04	3.09
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	0.5	16	0.0000000793	0.0000000227	0.0000000003	0.0000000004	0.455	0.06	17.3	6.7	17.1	1.0	7.89	0.02	2144	13.1	2376	20.0	36	25																																					26	7.75	25	898	895	2059	129	2214	2.04	3.09
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	0.5	19	0.0000000473	0.0000000166	0.0000000007	0.0000000007	0.201	0.06	18.8	12.5	17.1	1.0	7.89	0.02	2144	13.1	2376	20.0	36	25																																					26	7.75	25	898	895	2059	129	2214	2.04	3.09
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	0.5	22	0.0000000527	0.0000000100	0.0000000005	0.0000000007	0.222	0.03	20.0	9.8	17.1	1.0	7.89	0.02	2144	13.1	2376	20.0	36	25																																					26	7.75	25	898	895	2059	129	2214	2.04	3.09
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	50.0	8	0.0000002992	0.0000000152	0.0000000017	0.0000000002	0.391	0.12	8.7	5.0	14.8	2.2	7.96	0.05	2182	31.9	2458	4.5	36	25																																					26	7.82	21	756	754	2038	151	2209	2.37	3.59
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	50.0	11	0.0000002760	0.0000001018	0.0000000005	0.0000000001	0.793	0.09	12.4	2.2	14.8	2.2	7.96	0.05	2182	31.9	2458	4.5	36	25																																					26	7.82	21	756	754	2038	151	2209	2.37	3.59
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	50.0	13	0.0000003297	0.0000000558	0.0000000006	0.0000000004	0.652	0.16	10.4	2.0	14.8	2.2	7.96	0.05	2182	31.9	2458	4.5	36	25																																					26	7.82	21	756	754	2038	151	2209	2.37	3.59
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	50.0	16	0.0000004323	0.0000000898	0.0000000004	0.0000000002	1.373	0.29	5.6	0.5	14.8	2.2	7.96	0.05	2182	31.9	2458	4.5	36	25																																					26	7.82	21	756	754	2038	151	2209	2.37	3.59
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	50.0	19	0.0000004787	0.0000000184	0.0000000002	0.0000000002	0.810	0.12	6.1	1.8	14.8	2.2	7.96	0.05	2182	31.9	2458	4.5	36	25																																					26	7.82	21	756	754	2038	151	2209	2.37	3.59
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	50.0	22	0.0000007963	0.0000001241	0.0000000001	0.0000000002	1.058	0.16	5.8	3.0	14.8	2.2	7.96	0.05	2182	31.9	2458	4.5	36	25																																					26	7.82	21	756	754	2038	151	2209	2.37	3.59
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	0.5										7.3	0.4	8.21	0.02	2066	18.4	2518	20.9	36	25	0.22	0.14	0.4	0	8.4	1.4	0.7	0.20	10.2	4.7	184.3	81.7	14.2	4.9	0.10	0.04	1.7	0.9	18.7	7.8	0.11	0.07	1.08	0.68	0.04	0.01	0.02	0.010	560	120	60	10	30	3	290	70	26	8.07	11	398	397	1909	251	2171	3.95	5.99
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	400	50.0										6.2	0.5	8.26	0.02	2031	52.7	2516	45.1	36	25	0.37	0.08	0.4	0	8.5	1.4	1.4	0.60	8.1	1.9	90.2	19.1	11.3	1.5	0.19	0.05	2.2	0.6	18.3	8.5	0.96	0.07	8.22	1.20	0.03	0.01	0.04	0.003	540	70	100	5	20	3	130	10	26	8.12	9	336	335	1809	267	2085	4.20	6.36
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	0.5										17.1	1.0	7.89	0.02	2144	13.1	2376	20.0	36	25	0.31	0.10	0.6	0	7.9	0.6	0.4	0.11	9.1	2.5	195.2	111.1	27.1	18.9	0.10	0.04	2.1	0.5	21.6	19.2	0.82	0.24	6.08	0.75	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.006	230	40	80	7	40	10	170	90	26	7.75	25	898	895	2059	129	2214	2.04	3.09
Trichodesmium erythraeum (prokaryote)	900	50.0										14.8	2.2	7.96	0.05	2182	31.9	2458	4.5	36	25	0.58	0.18	0.5	0	7.7	0.8	1.5	0.61	7.4	1.5	89.8	26.8	12.5	4.4	0.20	0.09	1.9	1.0	14.2	5.9	1.43	0.23	10.40	1.08	0.04	0.01	0.04	0.010	250	60	140	40	50	6	190	40	26	7.82	21	756	754	2038	151	2209	2.37	3.59