Citation:

s00227-012-2111-6

Name: Elevated CO2 affects the behavior of an ecologically and economically important coral reef fish
Published: 2013
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Behaviour; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Laboratory experiment; Nekton; Pelagos; Plectropomus leopardus; Single species; South Pacific; Tropical

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Abstract:

We tested the effect of near-future CO2 levels (= 490, 570, 700, and 960 µatm CO2) on the olfactory responses and activity levels of juvenile coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus, a piscivorous reef fish that is also one of the most important fisheries species on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Juvenile coral trout reared for 4 weeks at 570 µatm CO2 exhibited similar sensory responses and behaviors to juveniles reared at 490 µatm CO2 (control). In contrast, juveniles reared at 700 and 960 µatm CO2 exhibited dramatically altered sensory function and behaviors. At these higher CO2 concentrations, juveniles became attracted to the odor of potential predators, as has been observed in other reef fishes. They were more active, spent less time in shelter, ventured further from shelter, and were bolder than fish reared at 490 or 570 µatm CO2. These results demonstrate that behavioral impairment of coral trout is unlikely if pCO2 remains below 600 µatm; however, at higher levels, there are significant impacts on juvenile performance that are likely to affect survival and energy budgets, with consequences for predator-prey interactions and commercial fisheries.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Behaviour; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Laboratory experiment; Nekton; Pelagos; Plectropomus leopardus; Single species; South Pacific; Tropical

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-06-19.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Munday, Philip L
2	Treatment	Treat		Munday, Philip L
3	Incubation duration	Inc dur	days	Munday, Philip L
4	Proportion of time	Proportion of time		Munday, Philip L		in predator odour
5	Proportion of time, standard error	Proportion of time std e	±	Munday, Philip L		in predator odour
6	Proportion of time	Proportion of time		Munday, Philip L		in hide
7	Proportion of time, standard error	Proportion of time std e	±	Munday, Philip L		in hide
8	Activity description	Activity		Munday, Philip L		number lines crossed
9	Activity, standard error	Activity std e	±	Munday, Philip L		number lines crossed
10	Distance from shelter	Dist shelter	cm	Munday, Philip L
11	Distance from shelter, standard error	Dist shelter std e	±	Munday, Philip L
12	Time in seconds	Time	s	Munday, Philip L		time to emerge from hide
13	Time, standard error	Time std e	±	Munday, Philip L		time to emerge from hide
14	pH	pH		Munday, Philip L	Potentiometric	NBS scale
15	pH, standard error	pH std e	±	Munday, Philip L	Potentiometric	NBS scale
16	Salinity	Sal		Munday, Philip L
17	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Munday, Philip L	Potentiometric titration
18	Alkalinity, total, standard error	AT std e	±	Munday, Philip L	Potentiometric titration
19	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Munday, Philip L	Calculated using CO2SYS
20	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error	pCO2water_SST_wet std e	±	Munday, Philip L	Calculated using CO2SYS
21	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Munday, Philip L	Infrared gas analyzer (LI-COR)
22	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error	pCO2water_SST_wet std e	±	Munday, Philip L	Infrared gas analyzer (LI-COR)
23	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Munday, Philip L
24	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
26	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
31	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
33	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

314 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Species	2 Treat	3 Inc dur [days]	4 Proportion of time (in predator odour)	5 Proportion of time std e [±] (in predator odour)	6 Proportion of time (in hide)	7 Proportion of time std e [±] (in hide)	8 Activity (number lines crossed)	9 Activity std e [±] (number lines crossed)	10 Dist shelter [cm]	11 Dist shelter std e [±]	12 Time [s] (time to emerge from hide)	13 Time std e [±] (time to emerge from hide)	14 pH (NBS scale, Potentiometric)	15 pH std e [±] (NBS scale, Potentiometric)	16 Sal	17 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration)	18 AT std e [±] (Potentiometric titration)	19 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	20 pCO2water_SST_wet std e [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	21 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Infrared gas analyzer (LI-COR))	22 pCO2water_SST_wet std e [±] (Infrared gas analyzer (LI-COR))	23 Temp [°C]	24 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	25 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	26 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	27 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	28 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	29 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	30 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	31 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	32 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	33 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	Control	4	6.46	1.00									8.10	0.01	32.2	2162.9	36.9	493	7			28.5	26	7.95	13	493	492	1726	178	1917	2.92	4.41
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	pCO2 570 µatm	4	9.69	1.12									8.04	0.01	32.2	2120.6	48.4	570	28	554	17	28.5	26	7.89	15	570	568	1737	156	1908	2.56	3.87
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	pCO2 700 µatm	4	46.77	9.20									7.97	0.01	32.2	2155.2	83.3	699	13	689	11	28.5	26	7.82	18	700	698	1815	139	1972	2.28	3.44
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	pCO2 960 µatm	4	91.56	1.14									7.85	0.05	32.2	2164.3	55.3	963	113	939	25	28.5	26	7.70	25	963	960	1895	110	2031	1.81	2.73
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	Control	28	9.27	0.96									8.10	0.01	32.2	2162.9	36.9	493	7			28.5	26	7.95	13	493	492	1726	178	1917	2.92	4.41
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	pCO2 570 µatm	28	10.31	1.00									8.04	0.01	32.2	2120.6	48.4	570	28	554	17	28.5	26	7.89	15	570	568	1737	156	1908	2.56	3.87
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	pCO2 700 µatm	28	47.29	9.04									7.97	0.01	32.2	2155.2	83.3	699	13	689	11	28.5	26	7.82	18	700	698	1815	139	1972	2.28	3.44
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	pCO2 960 µatm	28	91.04	1.19									7.85	0.05	32.2	2164.3	55.3	963	113	939	25	28.5	26	7.70	25	963	960	1895	110	2031	1.81	2.73
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	Control				79.20	9.42	3.60	0.86	6.44	3.20	550.30	40.94	8.10	0.01	32.2	2162.9	36.9	493	7			28.5	26	7.95	13	493	492	1726	178	1917	2.92	4.41
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	pCO2 570 µatm				74.43	5.11	9.30	1.90	13.86	2.94	567.10	12.84	8.04	0.01	32.2	2120.6	48.4	570	28	554	17	28.5	26	7.89	15	570	568	1737	156	1908	2.56	3.87
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	pCO2 700 µatm				39.71	8.10	45.10	11.43	29.87	2.06	375.60	36.47	7.97	0.01	32.2	2155.2	83.3	699	13	689	11	28.5	26	7.82	18	700	698	1815	139	1972	2.28	3.44
Plectropomus leopardus (fish)	pCO2 960 µatm				8.96	2.39	321.80	36.97	36.06	0.00	101.70	24.47	7.85	0.05	32.2	2164.3	55.3	963	113	939	25	28.5	26	7.70	25	963	960	1895	110	2031	1.81	2.73