Citation:

j.jembe.2013.10.007

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and larval development and settlement of the sea urchin Arbacia lixula in a laboratory experiment
Published: 2013
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Arbacia lixula; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Echinodermata; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; Pelagos; Reproduction; Single species; Temperate; Temperature; Zooplankton

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Abstract:

We studied the effects of temperature and pH on larval development, settlement and juvenile survival of a Mediterranean population of the sea urchin Arbacia lixula. Three temperatures (16, 17.5 and 19 °C) were tested at present pH conditions (pHT 8.1). At 19 °C, two pH levels were compared to reflect present average (pHT 8.1) and near-future average conditions (pHT 7.7, expected by 2100). Larvae were reared for 52-days to achieve the full larval development and complete the metamorphosis to the settler stage. We analyzed larval survival, growth, morphology and settlement success. We also tested the carry-over effect of acidification on juvenile survival after 3 days. Our results showed that larval survival and size significantly increased with temperature. Acidification resulted in higher survival rates and developmental delay. Larval morphology was significantly altered by low temperatures, which led to narrower larvae with relatively shorter skeletal rods, but larval morphology was only marginally affected by acidification. No carry-over effects between larvae and juveniles were detected in early settler survival, though settlers from larvae reared at pH 7.7 were significantly smaller than their counterparts developed at pH 8.1. These results suggest an overall positive effect of environmental parameters related to global change on the reproduction of A. lixula, and reinforce the concerns about the increasing negative impact on shallow Mediterranean ecosystems of this post-glacial colonizer.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Arbacia lixula; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Echinodermata; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; Pelagos; Reproduction; Single species; Temperate; Temperature; Zooplankton

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Epitalon, Jean-Marie; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2014): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 3.0 [webpage]. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Coverage:

Latitude: 41.721110 * Longitude: 2.940000

Date/Time Start: 2012-09-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2012-09-30T00:00:00

Event(s):

Tossa_de_Mar * Latitude: 41.721110 * Longitude: 2.940000 * Date/Time Start: 2012-09-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2012-09-30T00:00:00 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne et al, 2014) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2014-06-05.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Wangensteen, Owen S
2	Treatment	Treat		Wangensteen, Owen S
3	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Wangensteen, Owen S		treatment
4	Incubation duration	Inc dur	days	Wangensteen, Owen S
5	Replicate	Repl		Wangensteen, Owen S
6	Larvae	Larvae		Wangensteen, Owen S
7	Body length	BL	mm	Wangensteen, Owen S
8	Width	w	µm	Wangensteen, Owen S		body
9	Length	l	µm	Wangensteen, Owen S		post-oral rods lengths, left
10	Length	l	µm	Wangensteen, Owen S		body rods lengths, left
11	Length	l	µm	Wangensteen, Owen S		post-oral rods lengths, right
12	Length	l	µm	Wangensteen, Owen S		body rods lengths, right
13	Identification	ID		Wangensteen, Owen S
14	Survival	Survival	%	Wangensteen, Owen S		larval
15	Distance	Distance	µm	Wangensteen, Owen S		Settler
16	Individuals	Ind	#	Wangensteen, Owen S		alive settlers
17	Individuals	Ind	#	Wangensteen, Owen S		dead settlers
18	Survival	Survival	%	Wangensteen, Owen S		settlers
19	Salinity	Sal		Wangensteen, Owen S
20	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Wangensteen, Owen S
21	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S
22	pH	pH		Wangensteen, Owen S	Potentiometric	total scale
23	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Potentiometric	total scale
24	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Wangensteen, Owen S	Potentiometric titration
25	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Potentiometric titration
26	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc
27	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc
28	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc
29	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc
30	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc
31	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc
32	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc
33	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc
34	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Wangensteen, Owen S		transferred
35	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S		transferred
36	pH	pH		Wangensteen, Owen S	Potentiometric	total scale, transferred
37	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Potentiometric	total scale, transferred
38	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Wangensteen, Owen S	Potentiometric titration	transferred
39	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Potentiometric titration	transferred
40	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc	transferred
41	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc	transferred
42	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc	transferred
43	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc	transferred
44	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc	transferred
45	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc	transferred
46	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc	transferred
47	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Wangensteen, Owen S	Calculated using CO2calc	transferred
48	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
49	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
50	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
51	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
52	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
53	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
54	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
55	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
56	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
57	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	transferred
58	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	transferred
59	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	transferred
60	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	transferred
61	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	transferred
62	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	transferred
63	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	transferred
64	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	transferred

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

20913 data points

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