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Chivall, David; M'Boule, Daniela; Sinke-Schoen, Daniëlle; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S; Schouten, Stefan; van der Meer, Marcel T J (2014): The effects of growth phase and salinity on the hydrogen isotopic composition of alkenones produced by coastal haptophyte algae. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.832256, Supplement to: Chivall, D et al. (2014): The effects of growth phase and salinity on the hydrogen isotopic composition of alkenones produced by coastal haptophyte algae. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 140, 381-390, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.05.043

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Abstract:
The isotopic fractionation of hydrogen during the biosynthesis of alkenones produced by marine haptophyte algae has been shown to depend on salinity and, as such, the hydrogen isotopic composition of alkenones is emerging as a palaeosalinity proxy. The relationship between fractionation and salinity has previously only been determined during exponential growth, whilst it is not yet known in which growth phases natural haptophyte populations predominantly exist. We have therefore determined the relationship between the fractionation factor, alpha alkenones-water, and salinity for C37 alkenones produced in different growth phases of batch cultures of the major alkenone-producing coastal haptophytes Isochrysis galbana (strain CCMP 1323) and Chrysotila lamellosa (strain CCMP 1307) over a range in salinity from ca. 10 to ca. 35. alpha alkenones-water was similar in both species, ranging over 0.841-0.900 for I. galbana and 0.838-0.865 for C. lamellosa. A strong (0.85 <= R**2 <= 0.97; p < 0.0001) relationship between salinity and fractionation factor was observed in both species at all growth phases investigated. This suggests that alkenone dD has the potential to be used as a salinity proxy in coastal areas where haptophyte communities are dominated by these coastal species. However, there was a marked difference in the sensitivity of alpha alkenones-water to salinity between different growth phases: in the exponential growth phase of I. galbana, alpha alkenones-water increased by 0.0019 per salinity unit (S 1), but was less sensitive at 0.0010 S 1 and 0.0008 S 1 during the stationary and decline phases, respectively. Similarly, in C. lamellosa alpha alkenones-water increased by 0.0010 S 1 in the early stationary phase and by 0.0008 S 1 during the late stationary phase. Assuming the shift in sensitivity of alpha alkenones-water to salinity observed at the end of exponential growth in I. galbana is similar in other alkenone-producing species, the predominant growth phase of natural populations of haptophytes will affect the sensitivity of the alkenone salinity proxy. The proxy is likely to be most sensitive to salinity when alkenones are produced in a state similar to exponential growth.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Laboratory code/labelLab labelvan der Meer, Marcel T JLipids
Laboratory code/labelLab labelvan der Meer, Marcel T JCulture water, start
Laboratory code/labelLab labelvan der Meer, Marcel T JCulture water, end
SpeciesSpeciesvan der Meer, Marcel T J
StrainStrainvan der Meer, Marcel T J
Temperature, waterTemp°Cvan der Meer, Marcel T J
SalinitySalvan der Meer, Marcel T JConductivity meter VWR EC300start
SalinitySalvan der Meer, Marcel T JConductivity meter VWR EC300end
Incubation durationInc durdaysvan der Meer, Marcel T J
10 Growth phaseGrowth phasevan der Meer, Marcel T J
11 δ Deuterium, alkenone, C37δD C37‰ SMOWvan der Meer, Marcel T JGas chromatography - thermal conversion - isotope ratio monitoring mass spectometer (GC-TC-irMS)
12 UncertaintyUncertainty±van der Meer, Marcel T JGas chromatography - thermal conversion - isotope ratio monitoring mass spectometer (GC-TC-irMS)delta Deuterium, Alkenone, C37
13 δ Deuterium, waterδD H2O‰ SMOWvan der Meer, Marcel T JGas chromatography - thermal conversion - isotope ratio monitoring mass spectometer (GC-TC-irMS)Culture water, start
14 δ Deuterium, standard deviationδD std dev±van der Meer, Marcel T JGas chromatography - thermal conversion - isotope ratio monitoring mass spectometer (GC-TC-irMS)Culture water, start
15 δ Deuterium, waterδD H2O‰ SMOWvan der Meer, Marcel T JGas chromatography - thermal conversion - isotope ratio monitoring mass spectometer (GC-TC-irMS)Culture water,end
16 δ Deuterium, standard deviationδD std dev±van der Meer, Marcel T JGas chromatography - thermal conversion - isotope ratio monitoring mass spectometer (GC-TC-irMS)Culture water, end
17 Fractionation factorFrac Factorvan der Meer, Marcel T Jbetween water and C37 alkenones
18 UncertaintyUncertainty±van der Meer, Marcel T JFractionation Factor, between water and C37 alkenones
Size:
1613 data points

Data

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Lab label
(Lipids)

Lab label
(Culture water, start)

Lab label
(Culture water, end)

Species

Strain

Temp [°C]

Sal
(start, Conductivity meter VWR...)

Sal
(end, Conductivity meter VWR E...)

Inc dur [days]
10 
Growth phase
11 
δD C37 [‰ SMOW]
(Gas chromatography - thermal ...)
12 
Uncertainty [±]
(delta Deuterium, Alkenone, C3...)
13 
δD H2O [‰ SMOW]
(Culture water, start, Gas chr...)
14 
δD std dev [±]
(Culture water, start, Gas chr...)
15 
δD H2O [‰ SMOW]
(Culture water,end, Gas chroma...)
16 
δD std dev [±]
(Culture water, end, Gas chrom...)
17 
Frac Factor
(between water and C37 alkenones)
18 
Uncertainty [±]
(Fractionation Factor, between...)
DB122211-3-ket-1DC120286-6-bulk-1DC120292-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231510.310.310Exponential-1721-292-2910.8530.001
DC122197-3-ket-1DC120286-6-bulk-1DC120293-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231510.310.210Exponential-1722-292-3220.8530.003
DC122252-3-ket-1DC120286-6-bulk-1DC120294-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231510.310.310Exponential-1701-292-3220.8560.002
DB122212-3-ket-1DC120287-6-bulk-1DC120295-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231515.315.310Exponential-1581-212-2420.8610.001
DC122198-3-ket-1DC120287-6-bulk-1DC120296-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231515.315.310Exponential-1571-212-2410.8630.001
DB122215-3-ket-1DC120287-6-bulk-1DC120297-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231515.315.310Exponential-1581-212-2420.8600.002
DB122213-3-ket-1DC120288-6-bulk-1DC120298-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231520.220.310Exponential-1423-163-1920.8730.004
DB122216-3-ket-1DC120288-6-bulk-1DC120299-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231520.220.310Exponential-1401-163-1720.8750.002
DB122217-3-ket-1DC120288-6-bulk-1DC120300-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231520.220.310Exponential-1443-163-1620.8710.003
DB122214-3-ket-1DC120289-6-bulk-1DC120301-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231525.125.210Exponential-1221-91-930.8860.002
DB122218-3-ket-1DC120289-6-bulk-1DC120302-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231525.125.210Exponential-1261-91-1320.8830.001
DB122232-3-ket-1DC120289-6-bulk-1DC120303-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231525.125.210Exponential-1211-91-1220.8890.001
DB122233-3-ket-1DC120290-6-bulk-1DC120304-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231530.230.310Exponential-1111-22-430.8920.002
DB122234-3-ket-1DC120290-6-bulk-1DC120305-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231530.230.310Exponential-1061-22-420.8960.001
DB122235-3-ket-1DC120290-6-bulk-1DC120306-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231530.230.310Exponential-1092-22-310.8930.002
DC122196-3-ket-1DC120291-6-bulk-1DC120307-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231535.535.610Exponential-97272220.9000.002
DC122251-3-ket-1DC120291-6-bulk-1DC120308-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231535.535.610Exponential-99372310.8960.003
DC122253-3-ket-1DC120291-6-bulk-1DC120309-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231535.535.510Exponential-98572320.8980.006
DB122296-3-ket-1DC120286-6-bulk-1DC120477-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231510.310.428Stationary-1774-292-2620.8460.004
DB122297-3-ket-1DC120286-6-bulk-1DC120478-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231510.328Stationary-1811-292-2710.8430.001
DB122340-3-ket-1DC120286-6-bulk-1DC120479-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231510.328Stationary-1775-292-2610.8460.005
DB122341-3-ket-1DC120287-6-bulk-1DC120480-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231515.328Stationary-1752-212-2120.8420.003
DB122298-3-ket-1DC120287-6-bulk-1DC120481-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231515.328Stationary-1763-212-2120.8410.003
DC122269-3-ket-1DC120287-6-bulk-1DC120482-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231515.315.628Stationary-1671-212-2420.8520.001
DC122270-3-ket-1DC120288-6-bulk-1DC120483-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231520.220.527Stationary-1582-163-1410.8550.002
DC122281-3-ket-1DC120288-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231520.220.827Stationary-1561-1630.8570.002
DB122342-3-ket-1DC120288-6-bulk-1DC120484-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231520.220.527Stationary-1621-163-1420.8510.001
DC122271-3-ket-1DC120289-6-bulk-1DC120485-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231525.125.428Stationary-1521-91-1020.8560.001
DC122282-3-ket-1DC120289-6-bulk-1DC120486-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231525.125.428Stationary-1501-91-920.8580.001
DB122343-3-ket-1DC120289-6-bulk-1DC120487-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231525.125.528Stationary-1512-91-910.8570.003
DC122272-3-ket-1DC120290-6-bulk-1DC120488-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231530.230.728Stationary-1381-22-210.8640.001
DC122283-3-ket-1DC120290-6-bulk-1DC120489-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231530.230.728Stationary-1363-22-220.8650.003
DB122344-3-ket-1DC120290-6-bulk-1DC120490-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231530.230.728Stationary-1421-22-120.8600.002
DC122280-3-ket-1DC120291-6-bulk-1DC120491-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231535.536.027Stationary-124172420.8710.001
DB122299-3-ket-1DC120291-6-bulk-1DC120492-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231535.536.027Stationary-128272720.8660.002
DB122345-3-ket-1DC120291-6-bulk-1DC120493-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231535.535.827Stationary-126372420.8700.004
DB122346-3-ket-1DC120286-6-bulk-1DC130223-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231510.311.169Decline-1711-292-2020.8490.002
DB122441-3-ket-1DC120286-6-bulk-1DC130224-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231510.311.169Decline-1742-292-2120.8470.002
DB122442-3-ket-1DC120286-6-bulk-1DC130225-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231510.311.169Decline-1722-292-2420.8510.002
DB122443-3-ket-1DC120287-6-bulk-1DC130318-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231515.316.769Decline-1671-212-1830.8490.002
DB122444-3-ket-1DC120287-6-bulk-1DC130226-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231515.316.469Decline-1663-212-1530.8490.003
DB122445-3-ket-1DC120287-6-bulk-1DC130227-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231515.316.569Decline-1631-212-1620.8520.002
DB122446-3-ket-1DC120288-6-bulk-1DC130228-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231520.221.975Decline-1553-163-1230.8570.004
DB122447-3-ket-1DC120288-6-bulk-1DC130319-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231520.221.975Decline-1532-163-1030.8580.003
DB122448-3-ket-1DC120288-6-bulk-1DC130229-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231520.221.875Decline-1541-163-1130.8570.002
DB122449-3-ket-1DC120289-6-bulk-1DC130230-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231525.127.783Decline-1453-91-140.8590.003
DB122450-3-ket-1DC120289-6-bulk-1DC130231-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231525.127.383Decline-1461-91-630.8600.002
DB122451-3-ket-1DC120289-6-bulk-1DC130232-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231525.127.683Decline-1471-91030.8560.002
DB122490-3-ket-1DC120290-6-bulk-1DC130233-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231530.233.589Decline-1334-22530.8660.004
DB122491-3-ket-1DC120290-6-bulk-1DC130234-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231530.233.689Decline-1333-22440.8660.004
DB122492-3-ket-1DC120290-6-bulk-1DC130235-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231530.233.189Decline-1331-22550.8650.002
DB122493-3-ket-1DC120291-6-bulk-1DC130236-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231535.539.389Decline-1232721230.8690.003
DB122494-3-ket-1DC120291-6-bulk-1DC130237-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231535.539.389Decline-123172920.8700.001
DB122495-3-ket-1DC120291-6-bulk-1DC130238-6-bulk-1Isochrysis galbanaCCMP 13231535.539.189Decline-1231721210.8690.001
DB122496-3-ket-1DC130334-6-bulk-1DC130357-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071510.210.313Early stationary-1892-332-3120.8380.003
DB123173-3-ket-1DC130334-6-bulk-1DC130358-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071510.210.313Early stationary-1861-332-3420.8420.002
DB123174-3-ket-1DC130334-6-bulk-1DC130359-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071510.210.313Early stationary-1881-332-3220.8390.001
DB123175-3-ket-1DC130335-6-bulk-1DC130360-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071515.215.313Early stationary-1804-252-2720.8420.004
DB123176-3-ket-1DC130335-6-bulk-1DC130361-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071515.215.313Early stationary-1781-252-2820.8450.001
DB123177-3-ket-1DC130335-6-bulk-1DC130362-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071515.215.313Early stationary-1792-252-2520.8420.002
DB123178-3-ket-1DC130336-6-bulk-1DC130363-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071520.320.413Early stationary-1671-193-1920.8490.002
DB123179-3-ket-1DC130336-6-bulk-1DC130364-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071520.320.413Early stationary-1673-193-1930.8490.004
DB123180-3-ket-1DC130336-6-bulk-1DC130365-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071520.320.313Early stationary-1662-193-2130.8510.003
DB123181-3-ket-1DC130337-6-bulk-1DC130366-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071524.925.014Early stationary-1541-102-1210.8550.001
DB123182-3-ket-1DC130337-6-bulk-1DC130367-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071524.925.014Early stationary-1571-102-1120.8520.001
DB123183-3-ket-1DC130337-6-bulk-1DC130368-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071524.925.014Early stationary-1554-102-1420.8550.004
DB123184-3-ket-1DC130338-6-bulk-1DC130369-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071530.030.014Early stationary-1441-64-520.8600.002
DB123185-3-ket-1DC130338-6-bulk-1DC130370-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071530.030.014Early stationary-1471-64-530.8580.002
DB123186-3-ket-1DC130338-6-bulk-1DC130371-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071530.030.014Early stationary-1472-64-320.8570.003
DB123187-3-ket-1DC130339-6-bulk-1DC130372-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071535.035.014Early stationary-131154320.8650.002
DB123188-3-ket-1DC130339-6-bulk-1DC130373-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071535.034.714Early stationary-131154220.8650.002
DB123189-3-ket-1DC130339-6-bulk-1DC130374-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071535.035.014Early stationary-134254420.8620.003
DB123203-3-ket-1DC130334-6-bulk-1DC130421-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071510.210.335Late stationary-1832-332-2620.8420.002
DB123204-3-ket-1DC130334-6-bulk-1DC130422-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071510.210.435Late stationary-1841-332-3020.8430.002
DB123205-3-ket-1DC130334-6-bulk-1DC130423-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071510.210.335Late stationary-1871-332-3330.8400.002
DB123206-3-ket-1DC130335-6-bulk-1DC130436-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071515.215.435Late stationary-1782-252-2120.8410.002
DB123207-3-ket-1DC130335-6-bulk-1DC130437-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071515.215.435Late stationary-1812-252-2720.8410.002
DB123208-3-ket-1DC130335-6-bulk-1DC130438-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071515.215.435Late stationary-1822-252-2620.8390.002
DB123209-3-ket-1DC130336-6-bulk-1DC130424-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071520.320.635Late stationary-1731-193-1730.8420.002
DB123210-3-ket-1DC130336-6-bulk-1DC130425-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071520.320.535Late stationary-1711-193-1320.8420.002
DB123211-3-ket-1DC130336-6-bulk-1DC130426-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071520.320.635Late stationary-1711-193-1820.8440.002
DB123298-3-ket-1DC130337-6-bulk-1DC130427-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071524.925.335Late stationary-1613-102-1310.8490.003
DB123299-3-ket-1DC130337-6-bulk-1DC130428-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071524.925.335Late stationary-1622-102-930.8460.002
DB123300-3-ket-1DC130337-6-bulk-1DC130429-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071524.925.235Late stationary-1621-102-1320.8470.001
DB123301-3-ket-1DC130338-6-bulk-1DC130430-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071530.030.435Late stationary-1481-64-620.8570.002
DB123302-3-ket-1DC130338-6-bulk-1DC130431-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071530.030.435Late stationary-1521-64-630.8530.002
DB123303-3-ket-1DC130338-6-bulk-1DC130432-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071530.030.335Late stationary-1501-64110.8530.002
DB123304-3-ket-1DC130339-6-bulk-1DC130433-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071535.035.435Late stationary-136354320.8600.003
DB123305-3-ket-1DC130339-6-bulk-1DC130434-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071535.035.435Late stationary-136154130.8610.002
DB123306-3-ket-1DC130339-6-bulk-1DC130435-6-bulk-1Chrysotila lamellosaCCMP 13071535.035.435Late stationary-134154430.8620.002