Muvea, Alexander M; Meyhoefer, Rainer; Subramanian, Sevgan; Poehling, Hans-Michael; Ekesi, Sunday; Maniania, Nguya Kalemba (2014): Onion endophyte colonization of Thrips [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.831939, Supplement to: Muvea, AM et al. (2014): Colonization of Onions by Endophytic Fungi and Their Impacts on the Biology of Thrips tabaci. PLoS ONE, 9(9), e108242, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108242
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Published: 2014-04-16 • DOI registered: 2014-05-15
Abstract:
Endophytic fungi, which live within host plant tissues without causing any visible symptom of infection, are important mutualists that mediate plant-herbivore interactions. Thrips tabaci (Lindeman) is one of the key pests of onion, Allium cepa L., an economically important agricultural crop cultivated worldwide. However, information on endophyte colonization of onions and their impacts on the biology of thrips feeding on them are lacking. We tested the colonization of onion plants by selected fungal endophyte isolates with two inoculation methods. The effects of inoculated endophytes on T. tabaci infesting onion were also examined. Seven fungal endophytes used in our study were able to colonize onion plants either by seed or seedling inoculation methods. Seed inoculation yielded 1.47 times higher mean percentage post-inoculation recovery of all the endophytes tested at (48.48 ± 8.1) as compared to seedling inoculation (32.87 ± 5.5). The lowest thrips numbers were recorded in Hypocrea lixii F3ST1 (1.6 ± 0.6) colonized plants as compared to the control (9.5 ± 1.5). Onion plants colonized by Clonostachys rosea ICIPE 707, Trichoderma asperellum M2RT4, Trichoderma atroviride ICIPE 710, and H. lixii F3ST1 had significantly lower feeding punctures as compared to the other treatments. Lowest number of eggs were laid by T. tabaci on H. lixii F3ST1 (1.5 ± 0.6) treatments followed by C. rosea ICIPE 707 and T. harzianum ICIPE 709 as compared to the control (18.6 ± 2.2). The number of feeding punctures and eggs were positively correlated (r = 0.805, d.f. = 30, P < 0.001). These results extend the knowledge on colonization of onions by fungal endophytes and their effects on Thrips tabaci.
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Figure 1. Endophytic colonization of onion seeds. Percentage colonization of onion plant parts (root, stem and leaves) by different fungal endophytes through seed inoculation. Data are mean ± SE. (P <= 0.05)
Figure 2. Endophytic colonization of onion seedlings. Percentage colonization of onion plant parts (root, stem and leaves) by different fungal endophytes through seedling inoculation. Data are mean ± SE. (P <= 0.05)
Figure 3. Effect of endophytically colonized onion plants on the number of adult Thrips tabaci. An evaluation of fungal endophytes for their effect on thrips number exposed for 72 hours on inoculated onion. Bars indicate means ± SE at 95% CI (p = 0.05). Means followed by the same letter indicate no significant differences between treatments
Figure 4. Effect of endophytically-colonized onion plants on feeding punctures by adult Thrips tabaci. The figure quantifies mean feeding activity by Thrips tabaci exposed for 72hrs on onion plants inoculated with different fungal endophytes. Bars indicate means ± SE at 95% CI (p = 0.05). Means followed by the same letter indicate no significant differences between treatments
Figure 5. Effect of endophytically-colonized onion plants on oviposition by adult Thrips tabaci. The figure shows the mean number of eggs laid by Thrips tabaci on onion plants endophytically colonized by different fungal isolates. Bars indicate means ± SE at 95% CI (p = 0.05). Means followed by the same letter indicate no significant differences between treatments
Comment:
The data sets presents observations on the percent colonization of onion roots, stem and leaves by seven endophytic isolates viz., Clonostachys rosea ICIPE 707, Trichoderma atroviride ICIPE 710, Trichoderma harzianum ICIPE 709, Fusarium sp. ICIPE 712, Fusarium sp. ICIPE 717, Hypocrea lixii F3ST1 and Trichoderma asperellum M2RT4 inoculated by seed and seedling treatment techniques. The endophytes were isolated from onion, maize and sorghum plants asymptomatic of any pathogenic infection, collected during a field survey from different altitudes of Kenya. Further observations on the number of feeding punctures, egg laying and survival after 72h of Thrips tabaci on endophyte colonized onion plants are presented. Correlation data between number of feeding punctures and number of egg laid are also presented.
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