Citation:

2009PA001731

Name: (Table 2) Calcium carbonate content in deep-sea surface sediments
Published: 2009
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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Abstract:

The reconstruction of paleocarbonate ion concentrations provides an important constraint on the contribution of the CaCO3 cycle to the decrease in atmospheric CO2 content during glacial time. Such reconstructions have been challenging because each of the existing paleo-[CO3]2- indices has serious limitations. In this study, we reexamine the Broecker-Clark CaCO3 size index by analyzing the <20 µm, 20 to 38 µm, and 38 to 63 µm fractions in sediments from the Ontong-Java Plateau and the Ceara Rise. Scanning electron microscope analyses demonstrate that the less than 20 µm CaCO3 is dominated by coccoliths and the greater than 20 µm CaCO3 is dominated by foraminifera. Our results clearly indicate that the coccoliths are far more resistant to dissolution than the foraminifera. Referenced to a core top sample from 2.31 km depth in a core top sample from 4.04 km depth on the Ontong-Java Plateau, ~70% of the foraminifera CaCO3 was dissolved as opposed to only ~7% of the coccolith CaCO3. We found that the dissolution of foraminifera shells did not produce a significant amount of fragments smaller than 63 µm in size, and thus the Broecker-Clark size index is not a measure of the extent of fragmentation. Rather, it is a measure of the extent of differential dissolution of foraminifera relative to coccoliths. On the basis of these results, we propose a new dissolution index which involves the ratio of dissolution-susceptible foraminifera CaCO3 to total CaCO3.

Related to:

Chiu, Tzu-Chien; Broecker, Wallace S (2008): Toward better paleocarbonate ion reconstructions: New insights regarding the CaCO3 size index. Paleoceanography, 23(2), PA2216, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008PA001599

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 3.273310 * Median Longitude: -140.895612 * South-bound Latitude: -38.270000 * West-bound Longitude: 1.967000 * North-bound Latitude: 39.950000 * East-bound Longitude: -10.610000

Date/Time Start: 1954-03-07T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1984-12-20T00:00:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0 m

Event(s):

MW9109-15GGC * Latitude: 0.000000 * Longitude: 158.000000 * Elevation: -2300.0 m * Location: Central Pacific * Campaign: * Basis: Moana Wave * Method/Device: Giant gravity corer (GGC)

RC08-107 * Latitude: 14.550000 * Longitude: -72.570000 * Date/Time: 1964-04-25T00:00:00 * Elevation: -3210.0 m * Recovery: 8.38 m * Campaign: * Basis: Robert Conrad * Method/Device: Piston corer (PC)

RC09-99 * Latitude: -24.600000 * Longitude: -115.500000 * Date/Time: 1965-02-24T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2681.0 m * Recovery: 6.1 m * Campaign: * Basis: Robert Conrad * Method/Device: Piston corer (PC)

Comment:

MW9109-15GGC by WHOI's Dan McCorkle and published previously by Chiu and Broecker (2008).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	Event label	Event
2	Latitude of event	Latitude
3	Longitude of event	Longitude
4	Elevation of event	Elevation	m
5	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m		Geocode
6	Gear	Gear		Broecker, Wallace S	TW = trigger weight core, P = piston core
7	Calcium carbonate	CaCO3	%	Broecker, Wallace S
8	Calcium carbonate, fractionated	CaCO3 frac	%	Broecker, Wallace S	>20 µm foraminifera
9	Calcium carbonate, fractionated	CaCO3 frac	%	Broecker, Wallace S	<20 µm coccolith
10	Ratio	Ratio		Broecker, Wallace S	(coccolith/sum CaCO3)*100

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

578 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 Elevation [m]	6 Gear (TW = trigger weight core, P =...)	7 CaCO3 [%]	8 CaCO3 frac [%] (>20 µm foraminifera)	9 CaCO3 frac [%] (<20 µm coccolith)	10 Ratio ((coccolith/sum CaCO3)*100)
V30-96	39.950	-33.130	-3188	TW	83.0	28.0	55.0	67
V30-96	39.950	-33.130	-3188	P	85.0	26.0	59.0	69
RC09-189	36.983	19.683	-3378	P	47.0	6.0	41.0	87
V10-72	39.617	11.900	-3480	TW	23.0	4.0	19.0	82
V10-72	39.617	11.900	-3480	P	41.0	10.0	31.0	76
RC09-201	37.200	1.967	-2776	TW	19.9	2.6	17.3	87
RC09-201	37.200	1.967	-2776	P	18.6	2.5	16.1	87
V30-9	29.333	-76.680	-2775	TW	77.0	6.0	71.0	92
V30-9	29.333	-76.680	-2775	P	80.0	4.0	76.0	95
V25-15	26.450	-46.350	-3358	TW	83.0	19.0	64.0	77
V25-15	26.450	-46.350	-3358	P	79.0	19.0	60.0	76
V25-26	26.367	-45.020	-3102	TW	82.0	43.0	39.0	47
V25-26	26.367	-45.020	-3102	P	80.0	50.0	30.0	38
V26-13	29.900	-45.120	-3244	TW	87.0	63.0	24.0	28
V26-13	29.900	-45.120	-3244	P	89.0	59.0	30.0	34
V22-226	29.850	-44.700	-3129	TW	85.0	31.0	54.0	64
V22-226	29.850	-44.700	-3129	P	90.0	31.0	59.0	66
V22-218	27.833	-43.420	-3292	P	83.0	38.0	45.0	54
V22-219	27.917	-43.630	-2582	TW	89.0	53.0	36.0	41
V22-219	27.917	-43.630	-2582	P	86.0	35.0	51.0	59
V22-221	28.883	-43.600	-2686	TW	83.0	32.0	51.0	61
V22-221	28.883	-43.600	-2686	P	91.0	41.0	50.0	55
V22-222	28.933	-43.650	-3197	TW	76.0	20.0	56.0	74
V22-222	28.933	-43.650	-3197	P	82.0	22.0	60.0	73
V30-61	25.567	-16.830	-3170	TW	51.0	16.0	35.0	69
V30-61	25.567	-16.830	-3170	P	50.0	19.0	31.0	62
V30-236	25.317	-16.980	-3009	TW	52.0	16.0	36.0	64
V30-236	25.317	-16.980	-3009	P	50.0	16.0	34.0	68
V23-91	29.583	-28.570	-2758	TW	86.0	39.0	47.0	55
V23-91	29.583	-28.570	-2758	P	86.0	34.0	52.0	60
V30-63	25.833	-17.300	-3022	TW	48.0	17.0	31.0	65
V32-38TW	25.533	-19.130	-3349	TW	59.0	29.0	30.0	51
V32-38	25.533	-19.130	-3349	P	63.0	29.0	34.0	54
V32-43TW	25.550	-18.320	-3111	TW	63.0	29.0	34.0	54
V32-43	25.550	-18.320	-3111	P	66.0	24.0	42.0	64
RC10-264	22.083	-94.830	-3464	TW	33.0	11.0	22.0	67
RC10-264	22.083	-94.830	-3464	P	36.0
RC12-5	25.950	-84.870	-2946	TW	43.0	19.0	24.0	56
RC12-5	25.950	-84.870	-2946	P	43.0	15.0	18.0	42
V03-36	27.383	-85.480	-2619	TW	48.0	16.0	32.0	67
RC13-187TW	1.867	-37.200	-4447	TW	52.0	12.0	40.0	77
RC13-187	1.867	-37.200	-4447	P	51.0	11.0	40.0	78
RC08-107	14.550	-72.570	-3210	TW	52.0	29.0	23.0	44
V28-122	11.933	-78.680	-3623	TW	47.0	22.0	25.0	53
V28-122	11.933	-78.680	-3623	P	49.0	27.0	22.0	45
V31-139	5.650	-49.280	-3307	TW	30.0	14.0	16.0	53
RC25-35TW	5.453	-46.660	-3616	TW	35.0	19.0	16.0	46
RC25-35	5.453	-46.660	-3616	P	35.0	22.0	13.0	37
V20-234	5.317	-33.030	-3133	TW	77.0	47.0	30.0	39
V20-234	5.317	-33.030	-3133	P	74.0	42.0	32.0	43
RC15-175TW	4.498	-46.690	-3351	TW	40.0	19.0	21.0	53
RC15-175	4.498	-46.690	-3351	P	36.0	18.0	18.0	50
V22-32	0.917	-31.770	-2999	TW	85.0	42.0	43.0	51
V22-32	0.917	-31.770	-2999	P	80.0	44.0	36.0	45
V25-54	1.417	-37.380	-3056	TW	70.0	39.0	31.0	44
V25-54	1.417	-37.380	-3056	P	62.0	37.0	25.0	40
V24-15	24.733	-73.750	-5305	TW	88.0	66.0	22.0	25
V24-15	24.733	-73.750	-5305	P	82.0	55.0	27.0	33
RC13-210TW	-9.142	-10.610	-3658	TW	91.0	60.0	31.0	34
RC13-210	-9.142	-10.610	-3658	P	93.0	59.0	34.0	36
RC13-43TW	-12.250	-171.700	-4872	TW	82.0	25.0	57.0	70
RC13-43	-12.250	-171.700	-4872	P	79.0
RC16-118TW	-31.960	-48.490	-2877	TW	25.0	18.0	7.0	28
RC16-118	-31.960	-48.490	-2877	P	31.0	18.0	13.0	42
RC11-37	-31.980	-35.530	-2578	P	82.0	54.0	28.0	34
RC15-143TW	-33.570	-49.030	-2945	TW	24.0	7.0	16.0	67
RC15-143	-33.570	-49.030	-2945	P	26.0	8.5	17.5	67
RC12-293	-36.880	-13.150	-3393	TW	50.0	17.0	33.0	66
RC12-293	-36.880	-13.150	-3393	P	57.0	32.0	25.0	44
V27-193	-37.870	-12.070	-3354	TW	48.0	24.0	24.0	50
V27-193	-37.870	-12.070	-3354	P	44.0	21.0	23.0	52
RC19-48TW	37.562	-73.000	-2811	TW	30.0	6.7	23.3	78
RC19-48	37.562	-73.000	-2811	P	30.0	8.7	21.3	71
V29-97	-38.270	17.367	-2534	TW	54.0	39.0	15.0	28
V29-97	-38.270	17.367	-2534	P	55.0	44.0	11.0	20
V13-2	39.267	-70.730	-2635	TW	29.0	7.1	21.9	75
V34-91TW	20.937	64.033	-3393	TW	47.0	7.5	39.5	84
RC14-35TW	-0.833	89.950	-3021	TW	83.0	46.0	37.0	45
RC14-35	-0.833	89.950	-3021	P	84.0	45.0	39.0	46
RC14-36TW	0.465	89.995	-3076	TW	79.0	46.0	33.0	42
RC14-36	0.465	89.995	-3076	P	82.0	46.0	36.0	44
V34-54	-6.100	88.350	-3250	TW	84.0	46.0	38.0	45
V34-54	-6.100	88.350	-3250	P	81.0	47.0	34.0	42
V34-58	-6.350	88.958	-3237	TW	86.0	53.0	33.0	38
V34-58	-6.350	88.958	-3237	P	80.0	54.0	26.0	33
V18-200	-20.580	63.533	-3305	TW	84.0	57.0	27.0	32
V20-171	-21.980	68.483	-2833	TW	79.0	37.0	42.0	53
V20-171	-21.980	68.483	-2833	P	87.0	46.0	41.0	43
V20-173	-21.970	69.333	-3329	P	85.0	34.0	51.0	60
RC17-95TW	-20.620	68.475	-2500	TW	83.0	61.0	22.0	23
RC17-95	-20.620	68.475	-2500	P	90.0	61.0	29.0	32
RC17-94	-21.680	68.683	-2674	P	89.0	55.0	44.0	49
RC17-92TW	-24.280	70.550	-3385	TW	85.0	56.0	29.0	34
RC17-92	-24.280	70.550	-3385	P	88.0	58.0	30.0	34
RC17-93TW	-23.690	69.683	-2665	TW	83.0	63.0	20.0	24
RC17-93	-23.690	69.683	-2665	P	87.0	59.0	28.0	32
RC17-91TW	-25.340	69.480	-3444	TW	79.0	29.0	51.0	65
RC17-91	-25.340	69.480	-3444	P	80.0	28.0	52.0	65
V29-64	-27.280	74.867	-3404	TW	86.0	23.0	63.0	73
V29-64	-27.280	74.867	-3404	P	86.0	27.0	59.0	69
V21-93	24.617	142.470	-2878	TW	13.7	3.4	10.3	75
V24-96	27.667	-178.000	-3305	TW	87.0	43.0	44.0	51
V28-304	28.533	134.130	-2942	TW	41.0	8.0	32.0	78
RC12-365	23.950	126.180	-2787	TW	53.0	31.0	22.0	42
V24-109	0.433	158.800	-2367	TW	85.0	51.0	34.0	40
V24-109	0.433	158.800	-2367	P	84.0	50.0	34.0	40
V32-173TW	-4.267	168.870	-3261	TW	81.0	43.0	38.0	47
V32-173	-4.267	168.870	-3261	P	81.0	43.0	38.0	47
RC17-176TW	3.747	158.770	-3156	TW	81.0	52.0	29.0	36
MW9109-15GGC	0.000	158.000	-2300		87.0	56.0	31.0	36
RC09-124	-28.750	172.600	-2540	TW	83.0	24.0	59.0	71
RC09-124	-28.750	172.600	-2540	P	87.0	25.0	62.0	71
RC12-107	-26.000	169.200	-3115	TW	81.0	22.0	59.0	73
RC12-107	-26.000	169.200	-3115	P	78.0	24.0	54.0	69
RC12-108	-26.030	165.820	-3354	TW	82.0	17.0	65.0	79
RC12-108	-26.030	165.820	-3354	P	72.0	25.0	47.0	65
RC09-99	-24.600	-115.500	-2681	TW	83.0	61.0	22.0	27