Citation:

j.marpolbul.2013.06.026

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and reproductive properties of the benthic copepod Tigriopus japonicus and gastropod Babylonia japonica in a laboratory experiment
Published: 2013-12-31
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Arthropoda; Babylonia japonica; Benthic animals; Benthos; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Development; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Mollusca; Pelagos; Reproduction; Single species; South Pacific; Tigriopus japonicus; Zooplankton

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Abstract:

We investigated the effects of elevated pCO2 in seawater both on the acute mortality and the reproductive properties of the benthic copepod Tigriopus japonicus and gastropod Babylonia japonica with the purpose of accumulating basic data for assessing potential environmental impacts of sub-sea geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 in Japan. Acute tests showed that nauplii of T. japonicus have a high tolerance to elevated pCO2 environments. Full life cycle tests on T. japonicus indicated NOEC = 5800 µatm and LOEC = 37,000 µatm. Adult B. japonica showed remarkable resistance to elevated pCO2 in the acute tests. Embryonic development of B. japonica showed a NOEC = 1500 µatm and LOEC = 5400 µatm. T. japonicus showed high resistance to elevated pCO2 throughout the life cycle and B. japonica are rather sensitive during the veliger stage when they started to form their shells.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Arthropoda; Babylonia japonica; Benthic animals; Benthos; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Development; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Mollusca; Pelagos; Reproduction; Single species; South Pacific; Tigriopus japonicus; Zooplankton

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 2.4. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2013-12-25.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Kita, Jun
2	Identification	ID		Kita, Jun
3	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Kita, Jun	Calculated using CO2SYS
4	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Kita, Jun	Calculated using CO2SYS	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
5	Life stage	Life stage		Kita, Jun
6	Duration, number of days	Duration	days	Kita, Jun		days needed for first appearance of each life stage after the exposure
7	Hatching rate	Hatching	%	Kita, Jun
8	Hatching rate, standard deviation	Hatching std dev	±	Kita, Jun
9	Male	m	%	Kita, Jun
10	Number of spawning events	Spawn events	#	Kita, Jun
11	Spawning times, per spawned females	Spawn times		Kita, Jun
12	Spawning times, per spawned females, standard deviation	Spawn times std dev	±	Kita, Jun
13	Eggs	Eggs	#	Kita, Jun
14	Embryos, per egg capsules	Embryos	#	Kita, Jun
15	Embryos, per egg capsules, standard deviation	Embryos std dev	±	Kita, Jun
16	Duration, number of days	Duration	days	Kita, Jun		days from spawning to complete hatching
17	Undeveloped embryos/capsule ratio	Undevelop embryos/caps		Kita, Jun
18	Undeveloped embryos/capsule ratio, standard deviation	Undevelop embryos/caps std dev	±	Kita, Jun
19	Salinity	Sal		Kita, Jun
20	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Kita, Jun
21	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Kita, Jun
22	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Kita, Jun
23	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Kita, Jun	Potentiometric titration
24	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Kita, Jun	Potentiometric titration
25	pH	pH		Kita, Jun	Potentiometric	NBS scale
26	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Kita, Jun	Potentiometric	NBS scale
27	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Kita, Jun	Calculated using CO2SYS
28	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Kita, Jun	Calculated using CO2SYS
29	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
31	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
33	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
36	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39	Salinity	Sal		Kita, Jun		conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
40	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Kita, Jun		conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
41	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Kita, Jun		conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
42	Temperature, water, standard deviation	Temp std dev	±	Kita, Jun		conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
43	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Kita, Jun	Potentiometric titration	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
44	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Kita, Jun	Potentiometric titration	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
45	pH	pH		Kita, Jun	Potentiometric	NBS scale, conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
46	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Kita, Jun	Potentiometric	NBS scale, conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
47	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Kita, Jun	Calculated using CO2SYS	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
48	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Kita, Jun	Calculated using CO2SYS	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
49	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
50	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale, conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
51	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
52	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
53	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
54	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
55	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
56	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
57	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica
58	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	conditions of the test seawater for the embryonic development test of B. japonica

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1960 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Species	2 ID	3 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	4 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (conditions of the test seawat...)	5 Life stage	6 Duration [days] (days needed for first appeara...)	7 Hatching [%]	8 Hatching std dev [±]	9 m [%]	10 Spawn events [#]	11 Spawn times	12 Spawn times std dev [±]	13 Eggs [#]	14 Embryos [#]	15 Embryos std dev [±]	16 Duration [days] (days from spawning to complet...)	17 Undevelop embryos/caps	18 Undevelop embryos/caps std dev [±]	19 Sal	20 Sal std dev [±]	21 Temp [°C]	22 Temp std dev [±]	23 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration)	24 AT std dev [±] (Potentiometric titration)	25 pH (NBS scale, Potentiometric)	26 pH std dev [±] (NBS scale, Potentiometric)	27 Omega Cal (Calculated using CO2SYS)	28 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2SYS)	29 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	30 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	31 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	32 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	33 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	34 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	35 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	36 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	37 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	38 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	39 Sal (conditions of the test seawat...)	40 Sal std dev [±] (conditions of the test seawat...)	41 Temp [°C] (conditions of the test seawat...)	42 Temp std dev [±] (conditions of the test seawat...)	43 AT [µmol/kg] (conditions of the test seawat...)	44 AT std dev [±] (conditions of the test seawat...)	45 pH (NBS scale, conditions of the ...)	46 pH std dev [±] (NBS scale, conditions of the ...)	47 Omega Cal (conditions of the test seawat...)	48 Omega Arg (conditions of the test seawat...)	49 CSC flag (conditions of the test seawat...)	50 pH (total scale, conditions of th...)	51 CO2 [µmol/kg] (conditions of the test seawat...)	52 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (conditions of the test seawat...)	53 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (conditions of the test seawat...)	54 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (conditions of the test seawat...)	55 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (conditions of the test seawat...)	56 DIC [µmol/kg] (conditions of the test seawat...)	57 Omega Arg (conditions of the test seawat...)	58 Omega Cal (conditions of the test seawat...)
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	430		First Copepodid	6													33.05	0.18	22.9	0.6	2251	13	8.16	0.13	4.43	2.89	26	8.03	13	419	417	1802	183	1998	2.91	4.46
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	5800		First Copepodid	6													33.05	0.18	22.8	0.4	2251	13	7.11	0.03	0.48	0.32	26	6.98	174	5743	5724	2202	20	2396	0.32	0.48
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	37000		First Copepodid	9													33.05	0.18	22.8	0.4	2251	13	6.31	0.04	0.08	0.05	26	6.18	1117	36923	36803	2244	3	3364	0.05	0.08
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	110000		First Copepodid														33.05	0.18	23.0	0.5	2251	13	5.85	0.03	0.03	0.02	26	5.72	3221	107012	106666	2250	1	5473	0.02	0.03
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	430		First mating	12													33.05	0.18	22.9	0.6	2251	13	8.16	0.13	4.43	2.89	26	8.03	13	419	417	1802	183	1998	2.91	4.46
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	5800		First mating	12													33.05	0.18	22.8	0.4	2251	13	7.11	0.03	0.48	0.32	26	6.98	174	5743	5724	2202	20	2396	0.32	0.48
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	37000		First mating	15													33.05	0.18	22.8	0.4	2251	13	6.31	0.04	0.08	0.05	26	6.18	1117	36923	36803	2244	3	3364	0.05	0.08
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	110000		First mating														33.05	0.18	23.0	0.5	2251	13	5.85	0.03	0.03	0.02	26	5.72	3221	107012	106666	2250	1	5473	0.02	0.03
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	430		First spawning	14													33.05	0.18	22.9	0.6	2251	13	8.16	0.13	4.43	2.89	26	8.03	13	419	417	1802	183	1998	2.91	4.46
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	5800		First spawning	14													33.05	0.18	22.8	0.4	2251	13	7.11	0.03	0.48	0.32	26	6.98	174	5743	5724	2202	20	2396	0.32	0.48
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	37000		First spawning	20													33.05	0.18	22.8	0.4	2251	13	6.31	0.04	0.08	0.05	26	6.18	1117	36923	36803	2244	3	3364	0.05	0.08
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	110000		First spawning														33.05	0.18	23.0	0.5	2251	13	5.85	0.03	0.03	0.02	26	5.72	3221	107012	106666	2250	1	5473	0.02	0.03
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	430				99.2	1.3	0.66										33.05	0.18	22.9	0.6	2251	13	8.16	0.13	4.43	2.89	26	8.03	13	419	417	1802	183	1998	2.91	4.46
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	5800				97.2	6.2	0.75										33.05	0.18	22.8	0.4	2251	13	7.11	0.03	0.48	0.32	26	6.98	174	5743	5724	2202	20	2396	0.32	0.48
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	37000				11.3	21.7	0.75										33.05	0.18	22.8	0.4	2251	13	6.31	0.04	0.08	0.05	26	6.18	1117	36923	36803	2244	3	3364	0.05	0.08
Tigriopus japonicus (copepod)	Table 6	110000																33.05	0.18	23.0	0.5	2251	13	5.85	0.03	0.03	0.02	26	5.72	3221	107012	106666	2250	1	5473	0.02	0.03
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 7	470							39	3.0	2.5	1186	32	12				33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	8.11	0.04	3.79	2.46	26	7.98	15	472	470	1876	156	2048	2.45	3.78
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 7	1600							38	2.9	1.9	1146	25	7				33.44	0.35	20.0	1.8	2261	23	7.64	0.07	1.45	0.94	26	7.51	51	1571	1566	2114	60	2225	0.94	1.44
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 7	5500							56	4.3	3.3	1529	30	9				33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	7.12	0.03	0.46	0.30	26	6.99	178	5455	5436	2215	19	2411	0.30	0.46
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 7	16000							44	3.4	2.4	1074	24	10				33.44	0.35	19.9	1.4	2261	23	6.66	0.05	0.16	0.10	26	6.53	520	15933	15879	2245	7	2772	0.10	0.16
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	470	670												19			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	8.11	0.04	3.79	2.46	26	7.98	15	472	470	1876	156	2048	2.45	3.78	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	470	670												20			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	8.11	0.04	3.79	2.46	26	7.98	15	472	470	1876	156	2048	2.45	3.78	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	470	670												20			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	8.11	0.04	3.79	2.46	26	7.98	15	472	470	1876	156	2048	2.45	3.78	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	1600	670												19			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.8	2261	23	7.64	0.07	1.45	0.94	26	7.51	51	1571	1566	2114	60	2225	0.94	1.44	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	1600	670												20			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.8	2261	23	7.64	0.07	1.45	0.94	26	7.51	51	1571	1566	2114	60	2225	0.94	1.44	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	1600	670												20			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.8	2261	23	7.64	0.07	1.45	0.94	26	7.51	51	1571	1566	2114	60	2225	0.94	1.44	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	5500	670												19			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	7.12	0.03	0.46	0.30	26	6.99	178	5455	5436	2215	19	2411	0.30	0.46	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	5500	670												19			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	7.12	0.03	0.46	0.30	26	6.99	178	5455	5436	2215	19	2411	0.30	0.46	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	5500	670												19			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	7.12	0.03	0.46	0.30	26	6.99	178	5455	5436	2215	19	2411	0.30	0.46	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	16000	670												19			33.44	0.35	19.9	1.4	2261	23	6.66	0.05	0.16	0.10	26	6.53	520	15933	15879	2245	7	2772	0.10	0.16	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	16000	670												20			33.44	0.35	19.9	1.4	2261	23	6.66	0.05	0.16	0.10	26	6.53	520	15933	15879	2245	7	2772	0.10	0.16	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	16000	670												20			33.44	0.35	19.9	1.4	2261	23	6.66	0.05	0.16	0.10	26	6.53	520	15933	15879	2245	7	2772	0.10	0.16	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	470	520												18			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	8.11	0.04	3.79	2.46	26	7.98	15	472	470	1876	156	2048	2.45	3.78	33.22	0.40	21.9	0.2	2241	24	8.08	0.02	3.73	2.43	26	7.95	16	514	513	1864	153	2033	2.42	3.72
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	470	520												19			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	8.11	0.04	3.79	2.46	26	7.98	15	472	470	1876	156	2048	2.45	3.78	33.22	0.40	21.9	0.2	2241	24	8.08	0.02	3.73	2.43	26	7.95	16	514	513	1864	153	2033	2.42	3.72
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	470	520												20			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	8.11	0.04	3.79	2.46	26	7.98	15	472	470	1876	156	2048	2.45	3.78	33.22	0.40	21.9	0.2	2241	24	8.08	0.02	3.73	2.43	26	7.95	16	514	513	1864	153	2033	2.42	3.72
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	470	520												20			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	8.11	0.04	3.79	2.46	26	7.98	15	472	470	1876	156	2048	2.45	3.78	33.22	0.40	21.9	0.2	2241	24	8.08	0.02	3.73	2.43	26	7.95	16	514	513	1864	153	2033	2.42	3.72
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	1600	1500												20			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.8	2261	23	7.64	0.07	1.45	0.94	26	7.51	51	1571	1566	2114	60	2225	0.94	1.44	33.22	0.40	22.1	0.1	2241	24	7.66	0.04	1.59	1.04	26	7.53	47	1514	1509	2080	65	2192	1.04	1.59
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	1600	1500												20			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.8	2261	23	7.64	0.07	1.45	0.94	26	7.51	51	1571	1566	2114	60	2225	0.94	1.44	33.22	0.40	22.1	0.1	2241	24	7.66	0.04	1.59	1.04	26	7.53	47	1514	1509	2080	65	2192	1.04	1.59
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	1600	1500												21			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.8	2261	23	7.64	0.07	1.45	0.94	26	7.51	51	1571	1566	2114	60	2225	0.94	1.44	33.22	0.40	22.1	0.1	2241	24	7.66	0.04	1.59	1.04	26	7.53	47	1514	1509	2080	65	2192	1.04	1.59
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	1600	1500												22			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.8	2261	23	7.64	0.07	1.45	0.94	26	7.51	51	1571	1566	2114	60	2225	0.94	1.44	33.22	0.40	22.1	0.1	2241	24	7.66	0.04	1.59	1.04	26	7.53	47	1514	1509	2080	65	2192	1.04	1.59
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	5500	5400												19			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	7.12	0.03	0.46	0.30	26	6.99	178	5455	5436	2215	19	2411	0.30	0.46	33.22	0.40	21.9	0.1	2241	24	7.13	0.03	0.49	0.32	26	7.00	167	5397	5379	2192	20	2379	0.32	0.49
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	5500	5400												20			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	7.12	0.03	0.46	0.30	26	6.99	178	5455	5436	2215	19	2411	0.30	0.46	33.22	0.40	21.9	0.1	2241	24	7.13	0.03	0.49	0.32	26	7.00	167	5397	5379	2192	20	2379	0.32	0.49
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	5500	5400												20			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	7.12	0.03	0.46	0.30	26	6.99	178	5455	5436	2215	19	2411	0.30	0.46	33.22	0.40	21.9	0.1	2241	24	7.13	0.03	0.49	0.32	26	7.00	167	5397	5379	2192	20	2379	0.32	0.49
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	5500	5400												22			33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	7.12	0.03	0.46	0.30	26	6.99	178	5455	5436	2215	19	2411	0.30	0.46	33.22	0.40	21.9	0.1	2241	24	7.13	0.03	0.49	0.32	26	7.00	167	5397	5379	2192	20	2379	0.32	0.49
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	470	670													1.47	0.400	33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	8.11	0.04	3.79	2.46	26	7.98	15	472	470	1876	156	2048	2.45	3.78	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	1600	670													1.40	0.450	33.44	0.35	20.0	1.8	2261	23	7.64	0.07	1.45	0.94	26	7.51	51	1571	1566	2114	60	2225	0.94	1.44	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	5500	670													1.67	0.250	33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	7.12	0.03	0.46	0.30	26	6.99	178	5455	5436	2215	19	2411	0.30	0.46	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	16000	670													1.17	0.066	33.44	0.35	19.9	1.4	2261	23	6.66	0.05	0.16	0.10	26	6.53	520	15933	15879	2245	7	2772	0.10	0.16	33.15	0.36	22.1	0.1	2232	17	7.98	0.06	3.07	2.00	26	7.85	21	669	667	1922	126	2069	2.00	3.07
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	470	520													0.65	0.260	33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	8.11	0.04	3.79	2.46	26	7.98	15	472	470	1876	156	2048	2.45	3.78	33.22	0.40	21.9	0.2	2241	24	8.08	0.02	3.73	2.43	26	7.95	16	514	513	1864	153	2033	2.42	3.72
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	1600	1500													1.38	0.700	33.44	0.35	20.0	1.8	2261	23	7.64	0.07	1.45	0.94	26	7.51	51	1571	1566	2114	60	2225	0.94	1.44	33.22	0.40	22.1	0.1	2241	24	7.66	0.04	1.59	1.04	26	7.53	47	1514	1509	2080	65	2192	1.04	1.59
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	5500	5400													2.93	1.440	33.44	0.35	20.0	1.5	2261	23	7.12	0.03	0.46	0.30	26	6.99	178	5455	5436	2215	19	2411	0.30	0.46	33.22	0.40	21.9	0.1	2241	24	7.13	0.03	0.49	0.32	26	7.00	167	5397	5379	2192	20	2379	0.32	0.49
Babylonia japonica (Mollusks)	Table 8	16000	15000															33.44	0.35	19.9	1.4	2261	23	6.66	0.05	0.16	0.10	26	6.53	520	15933	15879	2245	7	2772	0.10	0.16	33.22	0.40	21.7	0.1	2241	24	6.69	0.03	0.18	0.12	26	6.56	468	15047	14998	2223	7	2699	0.12	0.18