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Nash, Merinda C; Opdyke, Bradley N; Troitzsch, U; Russell, Bayden D; Adey, W H; Kato, A; Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo; Brent, C; Gardner, M; Prichard, J; Kline, David I (2013): Dolomite-rich coralline algae in reefs resist dissolution in acidified conditions [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.825092, Supplement to: Nash, MC et al. (2012): Dolomite-rich coralline algae in reefs resist dissolution in acidified conditions. Nature Climate Change, 3(3), 268-272, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1760

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Abstract:
Coral reef ecosystems develop best in high-flow environments but their fragile frameworks are also vulnerable to high wave energy. Wave-resistant algal rims, predominantly made up of the crustose coralline algae (CCA) Porolithon onkodes and P. pachydermum, are therefore critical structural elements for the survival of many shallow coral reefs. Concerns are growing about the susceptibility of CCA to ocean acidification because CCA Mg-calcite skeletons are more susceptible to dissolution under low pH conditions than coral aragonite skeletons. However, the recent discovery of dolomite (Mg0.5Ca0.5(CO3)), a stable carbonate, in P. onkodes cells necessitates a reappraisal of the impacts of ocean acidification on these CCA. Here we show, using a dissolution experiment, that dried dolomite-rich CCA have 6-10 times lower rates of dissolution than predominantly Mg-calcite CCA in both high-CO2 (~ 700 ppm) and control (~ 380 ppm) environments, respectively. We reveal this stabilizing mechanism to be a combination of reduced porosity due to dolomite infilling and selective dissolution of other carbonate minerals. Physical break-up proceeds by dissolution of Mg-calcite walls until the dolomitized cell eventually drops out intact. Dolomite-rich CCA frameworks are common in shallow coral reefs globally and our results suggest that it is likely that they will continue to provide protection and stability for coral reef frameworks as CO2 rises.
Keyword(s):
Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Plantae; Porolithon onkodes; Rhodophyta; Single species; South Pacific; Temperate
Further details:
Lavigne, Héloïse; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 2.4. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb
Project(s):
Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2013-12-25.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 TreatmentTreatNash, Merinda C
2 SpeciesSpeciesNash, Merinda C
3 GroupGroupNash, Merinda C
4 ReplicateReplNash, Merinda C
5 Sample code/labelSample labelNash, Merinda C
6 Magnesium carbonate, magnesiteMgCO3%Nash, Merinda Cmol%
7 Magnesium carbonate, magnesiteMgCO3%Nash, Merinda Casymmetry mol% MgCO3
8 AragoniteArg%Nash, Merinda Cweight%
9 Weight lossLoss%Nash, Merinda C
10 SalinitySalNash, Merinda Caverage
11 Temperature, waterTemp°CNash, Merinda Caverage
12 Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgNash, Merinda Caverage
13 Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgNash, Merinda CPotentiometric titrationaverage
14 pHpHNash, Merinda CPotentiometricaverage, total scale
15 Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgNash, Merinda CCalculated using CO2SYSaverage
16 Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgNash, Merinda CCalculated using CO2SYSaverage
17 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetppmvNash, Merinda CCalculated using CO2SYSaverage
18 Calcite saturation stateOmega CalNash, Merinda CCalculated using CO2SYSaverage
19 Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgNash, Merinda CCalculated using CO2SYSaverage
20 Carbonate system computation flagCSC flagYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)average
21 pHpHYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)total scale
22 Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
23 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24 Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25 Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26 Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27 Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28 Calcite saturation stateOmega CalYang, YanCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
801 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Treat		2 
Species		3 
Group		4 
Repl		5 
Sample label		6 
MgCO3 [%]
(mol%)		7 
MgCO3 [%]
(asymmetry mol% MgCO3)		8 
Arg [%]
(weight%)		9 
Loss [%]		10 
Sal
(average)		11 
Temp [°C]
(average)		12 
DIC [µmol/kg]
(average)		13 
AT [µmol/kg]
(average, Potentiometric titra...)		14 
pH
(average, total scale, Potenti...)		15 
[HCO3]- [µmol/kg]
(average, Calculated using CO2SYS)		16 
[CO3]2- [µmol/kg]
(average, Calculated using CO2SYS)		17 
pCO2water_SST_wet [ppmv]
(average, Calculated using CO2SYS)		18 
Omega Cal
(average, Calculated using CO2SYS)		19 
Omega Arg
(average, Calculated using CO2SYS)		20 
CSC flag
(average, Calculated using sea...)		21 
pH
(total scale, Calculated using...)		22 
CO2 [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)		23 
pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)		24 
fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)		25 
[HCO3]- [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)		26 
[CO3]2- [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)		27 
Omega Arg
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)		28 
Omega Cal
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Rich Grouph301117.9627.250.000.1134.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Rich Grouph303217.9627.250.000.0134.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Rich Grouph307118.0027.180.000.2934.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Rich Grouph30530.2734.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Rich GroupControl17.8827.400.0034.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph309116.5117.9555.631.6534.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph311216.6518.9639.641.6534.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph313316.9918.2456.851.6834.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor GroupControl16.4117.7132.9634.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph327317.0219.257.621.6834.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph321217.0023.970.001.7034.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph317216.3118.0931.931.7734.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph315117.5319.530.002.1534.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor GroupControl17.5018.870.0034.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph325216.9519.133.802.2434.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph323116.9919.906.182.2634.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
ControlPorolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor GroupControl17.0818.4715.2534.76027.0281900.2102257.9608.0981638.924250.56390.3066.0724.034158.12831431316422504.016.05
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Rich Grouph302417.7726.400.000.3034.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Rich Grouph304517.9026.280.000.3934.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Rich Grouph308417.2526.740.000.6434.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Rich Grouph306617.6728.240.000.6934.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph324416.4618.208.852.0134.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph314617.0820.175.512.4634.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph318517.4321.090.002.4734.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph310417.2319.914.922.5934.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph316417.2519.244.742.7534.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph320616.7923.220.003.4234.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph312517.0119.0253.774.2534.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68
High CO2Porolithon onkodes (macroalga)Dolomite Poor Grouph326516.5919.1213.394.5434.73426.9342057.0542260.3067.8281882.620153.72761.5863.7262.472157.841867967618871522.443.68