Citation:

azu_js_rc.55.16384

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Abstract:

The Indonesian Arc represents the subduction of the Indian-Australian plate beneath Asia. It has been the scene of catastrophic tectonic activity, including the recent 2004 M=9.1 Aceh earthquake and resulting Indian Ocean tsunami. We have dated planktonic forams associated with historic tephras (Tambora, 1815 and Krakatau, 1883) in marine sediment cores to determine radiocarbon reservoir ages for 2 locations along the arc. Our best estimates for 19th century regional reservoir corrections (DeltaR) are +90 ± 40 yr for surface-dwelling species and +220 ± 40 yr for mixed planktic assemblages containing some upper thermocline species, but scatter in the data suggests that past surface reservoir ages may have varied by about ±100 yr. We used the results of this study to investigate a proposed very large AD 535 eruption at or near Krakatau. We find no evidence for ash from such an eruption, and although this is negative evidence, we consider it sufficiently strong to rule out any possibility that one took place.

Project(s):

Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -7.882113 * Median Longitude: 109.531557 * South-bound Latitude: -9.223670 * West-bound Longitude: 104.642500 * North-bound Latitude: -7.113500 * East-bound Longitude: 118.893500

Date/Time Start: 2005-08-19T04:41:00 * Date/Time End: 2005-09-05T05:11:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.03 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.48 m

Event(s):

GeoB10042-1 * Latitude: -7.113500 * Longitude: 104.642500 * Date/Time: 2005-08-19T04:41:00 * Elevation: -2460.0 m * Campaign: (PABESIA) * Basis: * Method/Device: Gravity corer (Kiel type) (SL)

GeoB10043-3 * Latitude: -7.309170 * Longitude: 105.058670 * Date/Time: 2005-08-19T14:04:00 * Elevation: -2172.0 m * Campaign: (PABESIA) * Basis: * Method/Device: Gravity corer (Kiel type) (SL)

GeoB10065-7 * Latitude: -9.223670 * Longitude: 118.893500 * Date/Time: 2005-09-05T05:11:00 * Elevation: -1292.0 m * Recovery: 9.85 m * Campaign: (PABESIA) * Basis: * Method/Device: Gravity corer (Kiel type) (SL)

Comment:

a: Mixed pl. = mixed planktics (residuals after Ruber and Sacculifer picked - see text); b: Size in mg of carbon; c: Assumed calendarage ranges for 1-cm layers centered on the depths shown (see text).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event
2	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m			Geocode
3	Sample code/label	Sample label		Southon, John N		UCAMS (AMS Laboratory, University of California, Irvine)
4	Age, dated material	Dated material		Southon, John N		Species, a
5	Mass	Mass	mg	Southon, John N		b
6	Age, dated	Age dated	ka	Southon, John N	Age, 14C AMS
7	Age, dated standard deviation	Age dated std dev	±	Southon, John N
8	Age	Age	a AD/CE	Southon, John N		Calendar age, c
9	Age, standard deviation	Age std dev	±	Southon, John N
10	Reservoir effect/correction	Res effect	a	Southon, John N		Model R
11	Reservoir effect/correction, standard deviation	Res effect std dev	±	Southon, John N
12	Reservoir effect/correction	Res effect	a	Southon, John N	Calculated	Regional reservoir corrections (DeltaR)
13	Reservoir effect/correction, standard deviation	Res effect std dev	±	Southon, John N
14	Comment	Comment		Southon, John N

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

280 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Depth sed [m]	3 Sample label (UCAMS (AMS Laboratory, Univer...)	4 Dated material (Species, a)	5 Mass [mg] (b)	6 Age dated [ka] (Age, 14C AMS)	7 Age dated std dev [±]	8 Age [a AD/CE] (Calendar age, c)	9 Age std dev [±]	10 Res effect [a] (Model R)	11 Res effect std dev [±]	12 Res effect [a] (Regional reservoir correction...)	13 Res effect std dev [±]	14 Comment
GeoB10042-1	0.03	98273	Mixed pl.	0.054	0.105	0.025							Bomb 14C
GeoB10042-1	0.06	89144	Ruber+sacc.	0.083	0.515	0.020	1905	20	460	25	55	35
GeoB10042-1	0.06												Ash 6-8 cm (Krakatau, 1883)
GeoB10042-1	0.08	89145	Ruber+sacc.	0.130	3.895	0.020							Missing core
GeoB10042-1	0.08	98274	Mixed pl.	0.100	4.170	0.020
GeoB10042-1	0.13	98275	Mixed pl.	0.290	4.360	0.015
GeoB10042-1	0.13	98276	Sacculifer	0.069	4.225	0.040
GeoB10042-1	0.18	98277	Mixed pl.	0.420	4.500	0.015
GeoB10042-1	0.18	98279	Sacculifer	0.054	4.440	0.050
GeoB10042-1	0.23	98280	Mixed pl.	0.790	4.580	0.015
GeoB10042-1	0.23	98281	Sacculifer	0.033	4.580	0.090
GeoB10042-1	0.28	98282	Mixed pl.	0.150	4.815	0.020
GeoB10042-1	0.33	98283	Mixed pl.	0.360	4.865	0.015
GeoB10042-1	0.33	98284	Sacculifer	0.058	4.675	0.045
GeoB10042-1	0.33	98286	Ruber	0.027	4.820	0.100
GeoB10042-1	0.38	98287	Mixed pl.	0.580	4.975	0.020
GeoB10042-1	0.38	98288	Sacculifer	0.260	4.885	0.020
GeoB10042-1	0.38	98289	Ruber	0.046	4.930	0.060
GeoB10042-1	0.43	98290	Mixed pl.	0.480	5.045	0.020
GeoB10042-1	0.43	98291	Sacculifer	0.110	5.015	0.025
GeoB10043-3	0.13	89142	Ruber+sacc.	0.033	0.545	0.035	1895	10	460	25	85	45
GeoB10043-3	0.13	98497	Mixed pl.	0.120	0.705	0.015	1895	10	460	25	245	30
GeoB10043-3	0.13												Ash 13-18 cm (Krakatau, 1883)
GeoB10043-3	0.18	89143	Ruber+sacc.	0.040	0.640	0.035	1835	50	505	45	135	60
GeoB10043-3	0.18	98498	Mixed pl.	0.780	0.925	0.015	1835	50	505	45	420	45
GeoB10043-3	0.18	98499	Sacculifer	0.150	0.800	0.020	1835	50	505	45	295	50
GeoB10043-3	0.18	98500	Ruber	0.015	0.940	0.080	1835	50	505	45	435	85
GeoB10043-3	0.23	98501	Mixed pl.	0.560	1.410	0.015
GeoB10043-3	0.23	98502	Sacculifer	0.092	1.150	0.025
GeoB10043-3	0.28	98505	Mixed pl.	0.440	1.820	0.015
GeoB10043-3	0.28	98506	Ruber	0.065	1.570	0.025
GeoB10043-3	0.33	98507	Mixed pl.	0.460	2.130	0.015
GeoB10043-3	0.33	98508	Sacculifer	0.058	2.070	0.025
GeoB10043-3	0.38	98509	Mixed pl.	0.640	2.430	0.020
GeoB10043-3	0.38	98510	Sacculifer	0.230	2.240	0.015
GeoB10043-3	0.38	98511	Ruber	0.017	2.380	0.080
GeoB10043-3	0.43	98517	Mixed pl.	0.520	2.700	0.015
GeoB10043-3	0.43	98518	Sacculifer	0.060	2.525	0.030
GeoB10043-3	0.48	98519	Mixed pl.	0.430	2.845	0.020
GeoB10043-3	0.48	98520	Sacculifer	0.048	2.760	0.030
GeoB10065-7	0.36	89139	Ruber+sacc.	0.150	0.630	0.020	1835	20	500	30	130	35
GeoB10065-7	0.37												Ash 37-40 cm (Tambora, 1815)
GeoB10065-7	0.39	89140	Ruber+sacc.	0.038	0.745	0.035	1815		520	25	225	45	In ash
GeoB10065-7	0.40	89141	Ruber+sacc.	0.160	1.500	0.020	1810	5	525	25			Reworked
GeoB10065-7	0.41	84721	Mixed pl.	0.460	0.755	0.020	1805	5	535	25	220	30