Citation:

s00338-013-1021-5

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and skeletal development, size, weight, total lipid and symbiont density of coral Favia fragum in a laboratory experiment
Published: 2013-12-03
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Favia fragum; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; North Atlantic; Other; Single species; Temperate

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS Citation BibTeX Citation Text Citation Facebook Twitter

Abstract:

Ocean acidification (OA) threatens the existence of coral reefs by slowing the rate of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production of framework-building corals thus reducing the amount of CaCO3 the reef can produce to counteract natural dissolution. Some evidence exists to suggest that elevated levels of dissolved inorganic nutrients can reduce the impact of OA on coral calcification. Here, we investigated the potential for enhanced energetic status of juvenile corals, achieved via heterotrophic feeding, to modulate the negative impact of OA on calcification. Larvae of the common Atlantic golf ball coral, Favia fragum, were collected and reared for 3 weeks under ambient (421 µatm) or significantly elevated (1,311 µatm) CO2 conditions. The metamorphosed, zooxanthellate spat were either fed brine shrimp (i.e., received nutrition from photosynthesis plus heterotrophy) or not fed (i.e., primarily autotrophic). Regardless of CO2 condition, the skeletons of fed corals exhibited accelerated development of septal cycles and were larger than those of unfed corals. At each CO2 level, fed corals accreted more CaCO3 than unfed corals, and fed corals reared under 1,311 µatm CO2 accreted as much CaCO3 as unfed corals reared under ambient CO2. However, feeding did not alter the sensitivity of calcification to increased CO2; Delta calcification/Delta Omega was comparable for fed and unfed corals. Our results suggest that calcification rates of nutritionally replete juvenile corals will decline as OA intensifies over the course of this century. Critically, however, such corals could maintain higher rates of skeletal growth and CaCO3 production under OA than those in nutritionally limited environments.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Favia fragum; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; North Atlantic; Other; Single species; Temperate

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 2.4. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2013-12-02.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Identification	ID		Drenkard, E J
2	Species	Species		Drenkard, E J
3	Treatment	Treat		Drenkard, E J
4	Sample code/label	Sample label		Drenkard, E J
5	Spat with tertiary septa	Tertiary septa	%	Drenkard, E J
6	Spat with tertiary septa, standard error	Tertiary septa std e	±	Drenkard, E J
7	Diameter	Ø	µm	Drenkard, E J		septa diameter
8	Diameter, standard error	Ø std e	±	Drenkard, E J		septa diameter
9	Mass	Mass	µg	Drenkard, E J		corallite weight
10	Mass, standard error	Mass std e	±	Drenkard, E J		corallite weight
11	Total tissue lipid per spat	Tis lipid/spat	µg/mm²	Drenkard, E J
12	Total tissue lipid per spat, standard error	Tis lipid/spat std e	±	Drenkard, E J
13	Symbiont cell density	Symbiont	#/mm*2	Drenkard, E J
14	Symbiont cell density, standard error	Symbiont std e	±	Drenkard, E J
15	Salinity	Sal		Drenkard, E J
16	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Drenkard, E J
17	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Drenkard, E J
18	Temperature, standard deviation	T std dev	±	Drenkard, E J
19	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Drenkard, E J	Potentiometric titration
20	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Drenkard, E J	Potentiometric titration
21	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Drenkard, E J	Coulometric titration
22	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Drenkard, E J	Coulometric titration
23	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at equilibrator temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_equ_wet	µatm	Drenkard, E J	Calculated using CO2SYS
24	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Drenkard, E J	Calculated using CO2SYS
25	pH	pH		Drenkard, E J	Calculated using CO2SYS	total scale
26	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Drenkard, E J	Calculated using CO2SYS	total scale
27	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Drenkard, E J	Calculated using CO2SYS
28	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Drenkard, E J	Calculated using CO2SYS
29	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Drenkard, E J	Calculated using CO2SYS
30	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Drenkard, E J	Calculated using CO2SYS
31	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Drenkard, E J	Calculated using CO2SYS
32	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Drenkard, E J	Calculated using CO2SYS
33	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
35	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
36	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
40	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

576 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 ID	2 Species	3 Treat	4 Sample label	5 Tertiary septa [%]	6 Tertiary septa std e [±]	7 Ø [µm] (septa diameter)	8 Ø std e [±] (septa diameter)	9 Mass [µg] (corallite weight)	10 Mass std e [±] (corallite weight)	11 Tis lipid/spat [µg/mm²]	12 Tis lipid/spat std e [±]	13 Symbiont [#/mm*2]	14 Symbiont std e [±]	15 Sal	16 Sal std dev [±]	17 Temp [°C]	18 T std dev [±]	19 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration)	20 AT std dev [±] (Potentiometric titration)	21 DIC [µmol/kg] (Coulometric titration)	22 DIC std dev [±] (Coulometric titration)	23 pCO2water_equ_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	24 pCO2 std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	25 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	26 pH std dev [±] (total scale, Calculated using...)	27 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	28 [HCO3]- std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	29 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	30 [CO3]2- std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	31 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2SYS)	32 Omega Arg std dev [±] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	33 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	34 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	35 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	36 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	37 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	38 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	39 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	40 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	41 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Figure 1, 2, 4	Favia fragum (coral)	Ambient CO2, Fed		82	5	2133	35	547	18	13	1	17000	3000	37.6	0.3	27.6	0.1	2332	22	2012	33	443	40	8.00	0.03	1775	40	225	9	3.55		15	8.00	12	442	440	1775	225	3.6	5.3
Figure 1, 2, 4	Favia fragum (coral)	Ambient CO2, Unfed		10	4	1390	23	352	10	10	0	14000	2000	37.4	0.3	27.6	0.1	2325	20	1984	16	398	4	8.04	0.00	1735	13	239	3	3.77		15	8.04	10	397	395	1735	239	3.8	5.6
Figure 1, 2, 4	Favia fragum (coral)	High CO2, Fed		78	7	2062	25	421	29	13	2	18000	3000	37.0	0.2	27.6	0.1	2324	9	2213	16	1344	78	7.59	0.02	2077	17	100	4	1.59		15	7.59	35	1341	1337	2077	100	1.6	2.4
Figure 1, 2, 4	Favia fragum (coral)	High CO2, Unfed		7	4	1323	25	250	7	12	2	23000	4000	37.0	0.2	27.6	0.1	2326	23	2207	21	1278	70	7.61	0.02	2069	20	105	5	1.66		15	7.61	34	1275	1272	2069	105	1.7	2.5
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	Ambient CO2, Fed	Tank 2			2078	50	517	27					37.6	0.3	27.6	0.1	2332	22	2012	33	443	40	8.00	0.03	1775	40	225	9	3.39	0.26	15	8.00	12	442	440	1775	225	3.6	5.3
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	Ambient CO2, Fed	Tank 10			2123	130	545	46					37.6	0.3	27.6	0.1	2332	22	2012	33	443	40	8.00	0.03	1775	40	225	9	3.58	0.18	15	8.00	12	442	440	1775	225	3.6	5.3
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	Ambient CO2, Fed	Tank 11			2197	139	578	59					37.6	0.3	27.6	0.1	2332	22	2012	33	443	40	8.00	0.03	1775	40	225	9	3.69	0.05	15	8.00	12	442	440	1775	225	3.6	5.3
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	High CO2, Fed	Tank 5			2014	92	365	33					37.0	0.2	27.6	0.1	2324	9	2213	16	1344	78	7.59	0.02	2077	17	100	4	1.54	0.16	15	7.59	35	1341	1337	2077	100	1.6	2.4
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	High CO2, Fed	Tank 9			2071	115	434	56					37.0	0.2	27.6	0.1	2324	9	2213	16	1344	78	7.59	0.02	2077	17	100	4	1.65	0.04	15	7.59	35	1341	1337	2077	100	1.6	2.4
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	High CO2, Fed	Tank 12			2101	100	464	46					37.0	0.2	27.6	0.1	2324	9	2213	16	1344	78	7.59	0.02	2077	17	100	4	1.61	0.08	15	7.59	35	1341	1337	2077	100	1.6	2.4
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	Ambient CO2, Unfed	Tank 3			1436	25	371	15					37.4	0.3	27.6	0.1	2325	20	1984	16	398	4	8.04	0.00	1735	13	239	3	3.77	0.10	15	8.04	10	397	395	1735	239	3.8	5.6
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	Ambient CO2, Unfed	Tank 6			1364	29	345	16					37.4	0.3	27.6	0.1	2325	20	1984	16	398	4	8.04	0.00	1735	13	239	3	3.79	0.01	15	8.04	10	397	395	1735	239	3.8	5.6
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	Ambient CO2, Unfed	Tank 7			1369	24	339	13					37.4	0.3	27.6	0.1	2325	20	1984	16	398	4	8.04	0.00	1735	13	239	3	3.72	0.05	15	8.04	10	397	395	1735	239	3.8	5.6
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	High CO2, Unfed	Tank 1			1361	26	263	13					37.0	0.2	27.6	0.1	2326	23	2207	21	1278	70	7.61	0.02	2069	20	105	5	1.73	0.03	15	7.61	34	1275	1272	2069	105	1.7	2.5
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	High CO2, Unfed	Tank 4			1329	22	237	11					37.0	0.2	27.6	0.1	2326	23	2207	21	1278	70	7.61	0.02	2069	20	105	5	1.57	0.06	15	7.61	34	1275	1272	2069	105	1.7	2.5
Figure 3	Favia fragum (coral)	High CO2, Unfed	Tank 8			1277	34	251	15					37.0	0.2	27.6	0.1	2326	23	2207	21	1278	70	7.61	0.02	2069	20	105	5	1.68	0.04	15	7.61	34	1275	1272	2069	105	1.7	2.5