Citation:

nclimate1122

Name: Physiological and ecological variables measured at the high and low pCO2 reef sections
Published: 2011
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Field observation; Growth/Morphology; Rocky-shore community; South Pacific; Tropical

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS Citation BibTeX Citation Text Citation Facebook Twitter

Abstract:

Experiments have shown that ocean acidification due to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations has deleterious effects on the performance of many marine organisms. However, few empirical or modelling studies have addressed the long-term consequences of ocean acidification for marine ecosystems. Here we show that as pH declines from 8.1 to 7.8 (the change expected if atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations increase from 390 to 750 ppm, consistent with some scenarios for the end of this century) some organisms benefit, but many more lose out. We investigated coral reefs, seagrasses and sediments that are acclimatized to low pH at three cool and shallow volcanic carbon dioxide seeps in Papua New Guinea. At reduced pH, we observed reductions in coral diversity, recruitment and abundances of structurally complex framework builders, and shifts in competitive interactions between taxa. However, coral cover remained constant between pH 8.1 and ~7.8, because massive Porites corals established dominance over structural corals, despite low rates of calcification. Reef development ceased below pH 7.7. Our empirical data from this unique field setting confirm model predictions that ocean acidification, together with temperature stress, will probably lead to severely reduced diversity, structural complexity and resilience of Indo-Pacific coral reefs within this century.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Calcification/Dissolution; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Entire community; Field observation; Growth/Morphology; Rocky-shore community; South Pacific; Tropical

Further details:

Lavigne, Héloïse; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2011): seacarb: seawater carbonate chemistry with R. R package version 2.4. https://cran.r-project.org/package=seacarb

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2013-10-17.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Description	Description		Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
2	Treatment	Treat		Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
3	Coverage	Cov	%	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
4	Species richness	S		Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth		taxa/transect
5	Areal density	Areal den	#/m²	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
6	Linear extension	Lin ext	cm/a	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
7	Density, skeletal bulk	Density skel b	g/cm³	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
8	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	g/cm²/a	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
9	Thickness	Thick	mm	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth		tissue
10	Pigmentation, color chart score	Pigmentation color chart score		Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
11	Growth rate	µ	mm/day	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
12	Biomass	Biom	g/m²	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
13	Species richness	S		Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth		#/plot
14	Shannon Diversity Index	H'		Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth		#/plot
15	Epibionts	Epibionts	%	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
16	Foraminifera	Foram	#/m²	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth		epibiotic foraminifera
17	Carbon, inorganic, total	TIC	%	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
18	Nitrogen, total, particulate	TPN	%	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
19	Carbon, organic, total	TOC	%	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
20	Density, faunal	Density	#/g	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
21	Species richness	S		Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth		taxa/g
22	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
23	Salinity	Sal		Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth
24	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth	Potentiometric titration
25	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth	Coulometric titration
26	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth	Calculated using CO2SYS
27	pH	pH		Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth	Potentiometric
28	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Fabricius, Katharina Elisabeth	Calculated using CO2SYS
29	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	pH	pH		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	total scale
31	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
33	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
36	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Yang, Yan	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

760 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Description	2 Treat	3 Cov [%]	4 S (taxa/transect)	5 Areal den [#/m²]	6 Lin ext [cm/a]	7 Density skel b [g/cm³]	8 Calc rate CaCO3 [g/cm²/a]	9 Thick [mm] (tissue)	10 Pigmentation color chart score	11 µ [mm/day]	12 Biom [g/m²]	13 S (#/plot)	14 H' (#/plot)	15 Epibionts [%]	16 Foram [#/m²] (epibiotic foraminifera)	17 TIC [%]	18 TPN [%]	19 TOC [%]	20 Density [#/g]	21 S (taxa/g)	22 Temp [°C]	23 Sal	24 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration)	25 DIC [µmol/kg] (Coulometric titration)	26 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	27 pH (Potentiometric)	28 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2SYS)	29 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	30 pH (total scale, Calculated using...)	31 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	32 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	33 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	34 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	35 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	36 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	37 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Hard coral	Low pCO2	30.80	4.25																		28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Hard coral	High pCO2	32.80	2.60																		27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Massive Porites (coral)	Low pCO2	10.70			1.11	1.39	1.55	3.63	3.8												28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Massive Porites (coral)	High pCO2	24.90			1.22	1.33	1.63	3.76	3.1												27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Structural coral	Low pCO2	12.90																			28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Structural coral	High pCO2	4.27																			27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Pocillopora damicornis (coral)	Low pCO2	0.58								0.038											28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Pocillopora damicornis (coral)	High pCO2	0.33								0.033											27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Crustose coralline algae (macroalgae)	Low pCO2	6.15																			28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Crustose coralline algae (macroalgae)	High pCO2	0.93																			27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Macroalgae red calcareous	Low pCO2	1.89																			28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Macroalgae red calcareous	High pCO2	0.27																			27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Macroalgae non-calcareous	Low pCO2	1.60																			28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Macroalgae non-calcareous	High pCO2	3.33																			27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Soft coral cover	Low pCO2	2.69	0.76																		28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Soft coral cover	High pCO2	0.40	0.10																		27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Sponges	Low pCO2	2.76																			28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Sponges	High pCO2	1.20																			27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Seagrass (macroalgae)	Low pCO2	0.25		1367.00							342	4.72	138	21.90	1206.00						28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Seagrass (macroalgae)	High pCO2	2.13		3641.00							1628	3.88	83	1.19	1.63						27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Hard coral juvenile	Low pCO2		5.13	12.70																	28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Hard coral juvenile	High pCO2		2.50	4.57																	27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Soft coral juvenile	Low pCO2		0.80	1.22																	28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Soft coral juvenile	High pCO2		0.07	0.07																	27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Porites juvenile (coral)	Low pCO2			3.98																	28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Porites juvenile (coral)	High pCO2			0.93																	27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
P. damicornis juvenile (coral)	Low pCO2			0.31																	28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
P. damicornis juvenile (coral)	High pCO2			0.23																	27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Porites macrobioeroder (coral)	Low pCO2			149.00																	28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Porites macrobioeroder (coral)	High pCO2			288.00																	27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Sediment	Low pCO2															7.39	0.03	0.17			28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Sediment	High pCO2															2.10	0.04	0.40			27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Sediment foraminifera (protist)	Low pCO2																		55.30	20.0	28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Sediment foraminifera (protist)	High pCO2																		1.64	6.8	27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Sediment gastropods (mollusc)	Low pCO2																		12.30		28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Sediment gastropods (mollusc)	High pCO2																		0.41		27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83
Calcareous spicules	Low pCO2																		5.89		28.1	34.42	2291	1982	435	8.02	3.58	15	8.02	11	431	430	1750	221	3.57	5.37
Calcareous spicules	High pCO2																		0.89		27.9	34.54	2325	2128	1388	7.77	2.56	15	7.77	36	1356	1352	1934	158	2.54	3.83