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Hauschild, Simone (2013): Pollen profile from sediment core Höllerer See [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.820590

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Abstract:
(expanded by Eberhard Grüger, Göttingen)
The site “Höllerer See” is a lake in the northern foreland of the Alps, about 30 km north of the city of Salzburg/Austria, situated in the south-western part of Oberösterreich/Austria. A 2 m long piston core from this locality, consisting entirely of calcareous gyttja, was studied by pollen analysis.
The three lowermost samples (1.98, 1.95 and 1.92 m) were deposited during the Preboreal when Pinus and Betula were still the dominating forest trees. High pollen values of thermophilous woody species (mainly Corylus and Quercus, but also Ulmus, Tilia, Fraxinus) prove the Boreal age of the next younger sample (1.91 m). The following two pollen spectra attest that Alnus (1.89 m) and - later (1.88 m) - Fagus had become important members of the local (Alnus) and the regional (Fagus) vegetation. From this level up to the top of the profile these two tree taxa contribute - together with Betula – always 50 to 80 % to the arboreal pollen sum.
The upper 1.89 m of sediment of the Höllerer See core evidently date from the Subboreal and the Subatlantic. As Preboreal sediment was stated at the base of the profile it must be concluded that most of the Boreal and the Atlantic is - for whatever reason - not represented by sediment in this core.
As no radiocarbon dates are available age estimates of the distinguished pollen zones can be achieved only by correlating major changes of the former vegetation with historical events which probably influenced the then contemporary vegetation.
The pollen grains of the Triticum and Hordeum type found in samples of zone 2.1 might indicate the growing of cereals in the region during the Late Bronze Age. The first pollen grains of Secale date from the boundary Hallstatt/Latène Age (zone 2.2). The cereal curves become continuous in Bavarian times (Bajuwarenzeit, Middle Ages, zone 3.3).
The Plantago laceolata curve, continuous since 1.7 m depth (zone 2.1), points to animal breeding since the Early Subatlantic (Hallstattzeit). This curve reaches its absolute maximum in Roman time (zone 3.1).
Roman time forest clearance caused a drastic decrease of tree pollen curves (start of zone 3.1). Values of anthropogenic indicators as high as in zone 3.1 are found again – after a distinct decrease in zone 3.2 – not till the Bavarians settled in the region (6th century).
Maximal Fagus values and the simultaneous total lack of anthropogenic indicators mark the Migration Period (zone 3.2).
The Younger Subatlantic (zone 4) is characterized by a decrease of deciduous forests due to medieval forest clearance. At the same time the conifers Pinus and Picea gained in importance.
The lake was probably used for retting hemp in Medieval times. The distinction of the pollen grains of Cannabis and Humulus might not be certain in all cases. It is known that hemp as well as hop was cultivated in the study area.
Markers were added to the samples at the beginning of pollen preparation (13500 Lycopodium spores, sample volume 0.5 cm**3) and counted together with the pollen grains. Therefore pollen concentrations can be calculated: Concentration = C * F / V (with C = number of grains of a particular pollen type, V = volume of the untreated pollen sample, F = marker added/marker counted). F ranges from 39 to 1688. Factors that large are not suited to produce reliably interpretable pollen concentrations. Consequently no use was made of the pollen concentrations in this thesis, although a concentration diagram is added.
Related to:
Grüger, Eberhard (1993): Über die Deutung pollenanalytischer Daten aus archäologischen und siedlungsgeschichtlichen Untersuchungen (mit Befunden aus der Umgebung von Pompeji und vom Höllerer See in Oberösterreich). In: Friesinger, E; Daim, F; Kanelutti, E; Cichocki O (eds): Bioarchäologie und Frühgeschichtsforschung. Archaeologia Austriaca, Monographien 2, Wien, 43-66
Hauschild, Simone (1991): Pollenanalytische Untersuchungen zur Vegetations- und Siedlungsgeschichte am Höllerer See in Oberösterreich. Staatsexamensarbeit, Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen, 60 pp, hdl:10013/epic.42501.d001
Coverage:
Latitude: 48.025000 * Longitude: 12.888900
Date/Time Start: 1989-04-20T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1989-04-20T12:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0.00 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 1.98 m
Event(s):
Hoellerer_See * Latitude: 48.025000 * Longitude: 12.888900 * Date/Time: 1989-04-20T12:00:00 * Elevation Start: 447.0 m * Elevation End: -14.0 m * Recovery: 2 m * Location: Upper Austria * Method/Device: Piston corer (PC) * Comment: Core diameter: 58 mm; Stratigraphy: calcareous gyttja, lime content low in the lowermost 8 cm of sediment
Comment:
Coring: Jürgen Schneider, Department of Geology, University of Göttingen; Pollen analyses: Simone Hauschild.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmGeocode
2 PinusPin#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
3 PiceaPic#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
4 AbiesAbi#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
5 BetulaBet#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
6 CarpinusCar#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
7 Alnus cf. glutinosa-incanaAln.cf.glu.i#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
8 Alnus cf. viridisAln.cf.v#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
9 FagusFag#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
10 Tilia platyphyllos-typeTil.p-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
11 Tilia cordata-typeTil.c-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
12 QuercusQue#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
13 UlmusUlm#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
14 AcerAce#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
15 FraxinusFrx#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
16 JuglansJug#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
17 JuniperusJun#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
18 SalixSal#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
19 HederaHed#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
20 CastaneaCas#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
21 PopulusPop#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
22 HippophaeHpp#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
23 VitisVts#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
24 Rhamnus-typeRha-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
25 Sambucus nigra-typeSam.n-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
26 CorylusCor#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
27 FagopyrumFgy#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
28 PoaceaePoac#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
29 Triticum-typeTrt-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
30 Hordeum-typeHor-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
31 SecaleSec#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
32 Zea maysZea.m#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
33 CyperaceaeCypae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
34 Plantago lanceolata-typePla.l-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
35 Plantago montana-typePla.mt-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
36 Plantago major/media-typePla.m/m-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
37 Rumex acetosella-typeRum.a-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
38 Rumex acetosa-typeRum.a-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
39 Rumex obtusifoliusRum.o#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
40 Compositae LigulifloraeAsteLigu#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
41 Compositae TubulifloraeAsteTubu#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
42 ArtemisiaArt#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
43 Centaurea cyanusCen.c#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
44 Centaurea scabiosaCen.s#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
45 RosaceaeRosae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynologypp.
46 Potentilla-typePti-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
47 FilipendulaFlp#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
48 RanunculaceaeRanae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynologypp.
49 Anemone-typeAne-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
50 Ranunculus acer-typeR. acer-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
51 ThalictrumTha#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
52 cf. Cannabiscf.Can#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
53 cf. Humuluscf.Hum#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
54 UrticaceaeUrtae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
55 ChenopodiaceaeCheae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
56 RubiaceaeRubae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
57 ScrophulariaceaeScoae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynologypp.
58 ApiaceaeApiae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
59 BrassicaceaeBraae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
60 CampanulaceaeCamae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
61 FabaceaeFabae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
62 Gypsophila-typeGyp-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
63 Scleranthus-typeScl-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
64 LamiaceaeLamae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
65 LysimachiaLys#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
66 Rhinanthus-typeRhi-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
67 Sanguisorba officinalisSan.o#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
68 EpilobiumEpl#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
69 TrientalisTtl#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
70 GentianaceaeGenae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
71 Mercurialis perennis-typeMer.p-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
72 MelampyrumMel#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
73 EricaceaeEriae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynologypp.
74 CallunaCal#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
75 Typha latifolia-typeTyp.l-T#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
76 NympheaNymphea#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
77 NupharNup#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
78 MenyanthesMey#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
79 MyriophyllumMyo#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
80 VariaVaria#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
81 Pollen indeterminataPollen indet#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
82 PolypodiaceaePocae#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
83 SphagnumSph#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
84 Pediastrum boryanumPed.b#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
85 Marker, foundMark found#Hauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
86 Marker, added/found ratioFHauschild, SimoneCounting, palynology
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
4335 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Depth sed [m]		2 
Pin [#]		3 
Pic [#]		4 
Abi [#]		5 
Bet [#]		6 
Car [#]		7 
Aln.cf.glu.i [#]		8 
Aln.cf.v [#]		9 
Fag [#]		10 
Til.p-T [#]		11 
Til.c-T [#]		12 
Que [#]		13 
Ulm [#]		14 
Ace [#]		15 
Frx [#]		16 
Jug [#]		17 
Jun [#]		18 
Sal [#]		19 
Hed [#]		20 
Cas [#]		21 
Pop [#]		22 
Hpp [#]		23 
Vts [#]		24 
Rha-T [#]		25 
Sam.n-T [#]		26 
Cor [#]		27 
Fgy [#]		28 
Poac [#]		29 
Trt-T [#]		30 
Hor-T [#]		31 
Sec [#]		32 
Zea.m [#]		33 
Cypae [#]		34 
Pla.l-T [#]		35 
Pla.mt-T [#]		36 
Pla.m/m-T [#]		37 
Rum.a-T [#]		38 
Rum.a-T [#]		39 
Rum.o [#]		40 
AsteLigu [#]		41 
AsteTubu [#]		42 
Art [#]		43 
Cen.c [#]		44 
Cen.s [#]		45 
Rosae [#]
(pp.)		46 
Pti-T [#]		47 
Flp [#]		48 
Ranae [#]
(pp.)		49 
Ane-T [#]		50 
R. acer-T [#]		51 
Tha [#]		52 
cf.Can [#]		53 
cf.Hum [#]		54 
Urtae [#]		55 
Cheae [#]		56 
Rubae [#]		57 
Scoae [#]
(pp.)		58 
Apiae [#]		59 
Braae [#]		60 
Camae [#]		61 
Fabae [#]		62 
Gyp-T [#]		63 
Scl-T [#]		64 
Lamae [#]		65 
Lys [#]		66 
Rhi-T [#]		67 
San.o [#]		68 
Epl [#]		69 
Ttl [#]		70 
Genae [#]		71 
Mer.p-T [#]		72 
Mel [#]		73 
Eriae [#]
(pp.)		74 
Cal [#]		75 
Typ.l-T [#]		76 
Nymphea [#]		77 
Nup [#]		78 
Mey [#]		79 
Myo [#]		80 
Varia [#]		81 
Pollen indet [#]		82 
Pocae [#]		83 
Sph [#]		84 
Ped.b [#]		85 
Mark found [#]		86 
F
0.001611121216619193231581081923821200120000240175421324360041021151020700605031074001001000000000000400001011423258
0.03168162101332116920191037452180390101010410132534717171014004130005025020014023010000000102210301002112922361
0.061621134159191791717810101302710811210004811214242292922140024100130131311324820000000000000010010010831318274
0.09173129418520174171611080501700180000000270818828091920260235040030350505410000120000000000002100000501421662
0.1218211614162351737169108411017019000000017383374501132001110352101060060411200200000000000000000000000501934939
0.24169981615016141332112011041532610100004817755450417002401330010500401520040100000000000000011000000502629346
0.271241081220114152132020099402600400300004014745210108202500350000001201890124000020200000000001010000202129945
0.301311022218333165282243011570181731021000690454233087012700110000101002961001000000020000000010042001504618672
0.331101141223434194161842010082300040020000700560424044000800040040000602260000200000040000000002030200634224755
0.3611510827128201772619710134180152314001000058034343804110026011400001007050301020000100000000000004110001411122859
0.39998318167272052020341135642100200300001000562129086005400230010002101540011000001003000000031110000511214196
0.4246547119178811114306719070020060000720430415052000211020010000001410000000000000000000000000000101116383
0.45768717188251812319611145130150521030000990414226013702170013001041500111011300300001100000002020000402413799
0.488778171541217829267651521609179000000084057152102190001003100003502000000010030000000000000300000050923557
0.516764181901222125236261291902122610000001040512222010500640038000110110410000000001100000000010200000201518772
0.6035482918629214341931051692002426900000001400562812020300040001000001120002000401000000000000010010000208130104
0.72183320197382713025914128142190319000000012604027501620017000500006021000000130000100000000010010000041460225
0.84123211231612873228910141184274890000000159053996019100049015600002131043000010000000000000000032001051884160
0.91103011252521931125110112801709800000008606861120251100813012100001220000011010000000000000000011000051395142
0.94193117144541671841402991312901800000001270605620012910670019303040010302011100000000020000101250000701964210
0.97819132367115123333118940350911000000013109281360349008190118001001000208010030000000000000000000000611573184
1.001120123486215296813241102460121020000550370120910001000700200010010220020000000000000000001000040362217
1.034202314513613310413208235279013011100006401000001600000000100001000100000000000000000000001000000010150270
1.06131612635231532245016920090290022000020302700005200020003000010000120000200000000000000001000000001111266
1.09221221973630620338209160701600100000123162310091100290017000070010008133000000000000000000100000401047289
1.122829913842193333151022480220113011301001430894010829006100005000000220338212000000000000000000000000101461223
1.1317260254232381419603198100110050081000135046102081101141000001110000100001000000000000000001000000109131066
1.141719248017216161200199712008001300101260400000910001000500001000111011010100010000000000000000011591446
1.1510271455861716820095211502400400006105301002920004000500002002000200300000000000000000000000010646296
1.182431163201317228127122441221100400900001200128000021130011100110003040110200120310100000001000011140100121362217
1.21105143320121801422202734024007002000072011900101627003600010001050000003023411200000000000013100000801943312
1.242244292978213372631280501802130070000910192200020251037034210020901000041104010102000000000250200107239104129
1.27121991081225427420021441423500400000001020390000772055001200003002021300113310000000000000000000070039343
1.3016414155321719427041171122600200000021170531020770245000500010100021230020000000200000000000000061319723
1.333151827472862924024851433001500000001600412000990038010700203041000002003000000000000000000000020162217
1.362341419682622631213106120220150010030216066004013101124001700315001032010130100000000000000322100091219698
1.39156819197133313225810704070170000000168046200021120012024900301120012110300120000000000000104000071094144
1.45133515251212611530410101622701100000000151017000029210010005000010201000000100000000000000000000000200101397
1.51134114258352921227960976111023000000017004200001640022010310103000000010000010000000000000000000010181688
1.571257251271335727245601098118004000000021505001001381004000200103010043000000001020000000000000000060391148
1.631133172173035512198541225131004000000046203400001010010001400103012020000010000010000000000000001040320664
1.6991662932934325121341168132016000000033001900001310000000000101020000000220000030000000000001000020023587
1.756207173527324402871111184701300000001240150000400030001000001101000000140000000000000000001000010018764
1.81641102342228230206791382454102400000002350191000800000000600001010002000040000000000000000001001034017794
1.86123116162922715285641675043501140000001320380000400000010000102200001012010000000000000000100000003121643
1.881026619541753423742521127624011000100010902000008000000001002000120000010300000100000000000010000211111191
1.893123427282072581418310974440041000000360061000016000000201000103001002003020000000000000000100000030836372
1.9111652041506910101422992413014000000074306400002000010125002050212010130600000000000000000000001100427500
1.9232550704019200042510850000000207600005800014000150000150114000110900000400200200000010000402648279
1.956841403810300005000093100000000660000900012027280000300280002431001020000000000010000001128109124
1.98409440516080000600805131000000004600006000000031500042010201020080000000000000000000000102043312