Citation:

2010JCLI3356.1

Name: Standardized rainfall indices for the West and Central Sahel, and the Guinea Coast
Published: 2010
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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Abstract:

For years, various indices of seasonal West African precipitation have served as useful predictors of the overall tropical cyclone activity in the Atlantic Ocean. Since the mid-1990s, the correlation unexpectedly deteriorated. In the present study, statistical techniques are developed to describe the nonstationary nature of the correlations between annual measures of Atlantic tropical cyclone activity and three selected West African precipitation indices (namely, western Sahelian precipitation in June-September, central Sahelian precipitation in June-September, and Guinean coastal precipitation in the preceding year's August-November period). The correlations between these parameters are found to vary over the period from 1921 to 2007 on a range of time scales. Additionally, considerable year-to-year variability in the strength of these correlations is documented by selecting subsamples of years with respect to various meteorological factors. Broadly, in years when the environment in the main development region is generally favorable for enhanced tropical cyclogenesis (e.g., when sea surface temperatures are high, when there is relatively little wind shear through the depth of the troposphere, or when the relative vorticity in the midtroposphere is anomalously high), the correlations between indices of West African monsoon precipitation and Atlantic tropical cyclone activity are considerably weaker than in years when the overall conditions in the region are less conducive. Other more remote climate parameters, such as the phase of the Southern Oscillation, are less effective at modulating the nature of these interactions.

Original version:

Rainfall indices as html-table on IMPETUS project web page

Project(s):

Global Change and the Hydrological Cycle (GLOWA)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 12.833333 * Median Longitude: -4.000000 * South-bound Latitude: 9.000000 * West-bound Longitude: -15.000000 * North-bound Latitude: 15.000000 * East-bound Longitude: 5.000000

Date/Time Start: 1921-01-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2007-01-01T00:00:00

Event(s):

Central_Sahel * Latitude: 15.000000 * Longitude: 5.000000 * Location: Central Sahel, Africa * Campaign: * Method/Device: Observation (OBSE)

Guinea_Coast * Latitude: 9.000000 * Longitude: -2.000000 * Location: Guinea Coast, Africa * Campaign: * Method/Device: Observation (OBSE)

West_Sahel * Latitude: 14.500000 * Longitude: -15.000000 * Location: West Sahel, Africa * Campaign: * Method/Device: Observation (OBSE)

Comment:

Rainfall indices along with the number of rainfall stations whose data went into the index calculation in a given year between 1921 and 2007. Note that the indices for the two Sahelian regions are based on the accumulated June-September (JJAS) rainfall, whereas the rainfall index for the Guinea Coast has been calculated for the August-November (ASON) period.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Comment
1	Event label	Event
2	DATE/TIME	Date/Time			Geocode
3	Index	Index		Fink, Andreas H
4	Number of stations	No stat	#	Fink, Andreas H

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

522 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Event	2 Date/Time	3 Index	4 No stat [#]
West_Sahel	1921	-0.34	5
West_Sahel	1922	0.51	6
West_Sahel	1923	0.44	6
West_Sahel	1924	1.01	6
West_Sahel	1925	-0.14	6
West_Sahel	1926	-0.16	6
West_Sahel	1927	1.04	6
West_Sahel	1928	0.53	6
West_Sahel	1929	0.56	5
West_Sahel	1930	0.43	6
West_Sahel	1931	0.00	7
West_Sahel	1932	1.56	7
West_Sahel	1933	1.13	7
West_Sahel	1934	0.36	7
West_Sahel	1935	1.15	7
West_Sahel	1936	1.56	7
West_Sahel	1937	0.06	7
West_Sahel	1938	0.50	7
West_Sahel	1939	0.30	7
West_Sahel	1940	0.27	7
West_Sahel	1941	-0.62	7
West_Sahel	1942	0.12	7
West_Sahel	1943	0.87	7
West_Sahel	1944	-0.30	7
West_Sahel	1945	0.27	7
West_Sahel	1946	0.43	7
West_Sahel	1947	0.21	7
West_Sahel	1948	0.54	7
West_Sahel	1949	-0.17	7
West_Sahel	1950	1.63	5
West_Sahel	1951	0.11	7
West_Sahel	1952	0.89	7
West_Sahel	1953	0.42	7
West_Sahel	1954	1.14	7
West_Sahel	1955	1.10	7
West_Sahel	1956	0.69	7
West_Sahel	1957	0.31	7
West_Sahel	1958	1.83	6
West_Sahel	1959	-0.06	6
West_Sahel	1960	0.02	6
West_Sahel	1961	0.49	7
West_Sahel	1962	0.15	6
West_Sahel	1963	-0.28	7
West_Sahel	1964	0.70	6
West_Sahel	1965	0.96	6
West_Sahel	1966	0.38	7
West_Sahel	1967	1.14	6
West_Sahel	1968	-1.05	7
West_Sahel	1969	0.64	7
West_Sahel	1970	-0.38	6
West_Sahel	1971	-0.60	7
West_Sahel	1972	-1.37	6
West_Sahel	1973	-0.61	6
West_Sahel	1974	-0.10	6
West_Sahel	1975	0.36	6
West_Sahel	1976	-0.48	6
West_Sahel	1977	-1.17	6
West_Sahel	1978	-0.62	6
West_Sahel	1979	-0.68	6
West_Sahel	1980	-1.03	6
West_Sahel	1981	-0.27	6
West_Sahel	1982	-1.21	6
West_Sahel	1983	-1.29	6
West_Sahel	1984	-1.08	6
West_Sahel	1985	-0.35	6
West_Sahel	1986	-0.53	6
West_Sahel	1987	-0.45	6
West_Sahel	1988	0.59	6
West_Sahel	1989	0.23	6
West_Sahel	1990	-0.62	6
West_Sahel	1991	-0.64	6
West_Sahel	1992	-1.31	6
West_Sahel	1993	-0.54	7
West_Sahel	1994	-0.22	6
West_Sahel	1995	-0.20	6
West_Sahel	1996	-0.16	6
West_Sahel	1997	-0.73	6
West_Sahel	1998	-0.23	6
West_Sahel	1999	0.16	7
West_Sahel	2000	-0.03	7
West_Sahel	2001	-0.06	7
West_Sahel	2002	-0.99	7
West_Sahel	2003	0.09	7
West_Sahel	2004	-0.14	7
West_Sahel	2005	0.09	7
West_Sahel	2006	-0.17	7
West_Sahel	2007	-0.59	7
Central_Sahel	1921	-0.32	6
Central_Sahel	1922	0.77	8
Central_Sahel	1923	-0.09	9
Central_Sahel	1924	0.58	9
Central_Sahel	1925	-0.18	9
Central_Sahel	1926	-0.83	9
Central_Sahel	1927	0.57	9
Central_Sahel	1928	0.04	9
Central_Sahel	1929	0.20	8
Central_Sahel	1930	0.21	8
Central_Sahel	1931	0.60	7
Central_Sahel	1932	0.51	9
Central_Sahel	1933	0.27	12
Central_Sahel	1934	0.11	12
Central_Sahel	1935	0.51	12
Central_Sahel	1936	0.71	12
Central_Sahel	1937	0.22	13
Central_Sahel	1938	0.13	13
Central_Sahel	1939	0.50	13
Central_Sahel	1940	-0.14	13
Central_Sahel	1941	-0.23	13
Central_Sahel	1942	-0.44	13
Central_Sahel	1943	0.74	13
Central_Sahel	1944	-0.25	13
Central_Sahel	1945	0.40	13
Central_Sahel	1946	0.77	14
Central_Sahel	1947	0.26	14
Central_Sahel	1948	-0.22	13
Central_Sahel	1949	-0.76	13
Central_Sahel	1950	1.41	11
Central_Sahel	1951	0.27	14
Central_Sahel	1952	0.87	14
Central_Sahel	1953	1.00	14
Central_Sahel	1954	1.44	14
Central_Sahel	1955	0.50	14
Central_Sahel	1956	0.77	14
Central_Sahel	1957	0.43	14
Central_Sahel	1958	0.73	14
Central_Sahel	1959	0.85	14
Central_Sahel	1960	0.22	14
Central_Sahel	1961	0.95	14
Central_Sahel	1962	0.67	14
Central_Sahel	1963	-0.04	14
Central_Sahel	1964	0.67	14
Central_Sahel	1965	0.15	14
Central_Sahel	1966	0.13	14
Central_Sahel	1967	0.08	13
Central_Sahel	1968	-0.40	14
Central_Sahel	1969	-0.41	14
Central_Sahel	1970	-0.17	12
Central_Sahel	1971	-0.54	13
Central_Sahel	1972	-0.91	13
Central_Sahel	1973	-0.92	14
Central_Sahel	1974	-0.01	14
Central_Sahel	1975	-0.24	14
Central_Sahel	1976	-0.77	13
Central_Sahel	1977	-0.31	14
Central_Sahel	1978	0.05	13
Central_Sahel	1979	-0.22	10
Central_Sahel	1980	-0.13	12
Central_Sahel	1981	-0.76	12
Central_Sahel	1982	-0.81	12
Central_Sahel	1983	-1.18	12
Central_Sahel	1984	-1.21	11
Central_Sahel	1985	-0.77	10
Central_Sahel	1986	-0.75	12
Central_Sahel	1987	-1.33	11
Central_Sahel	1988	0.43	12
Central_Sahel	1989	-0.27	11
Central_Sahel	1990	-0.80	12
Central_Sahel	1991	-0.41	11
Central_Sahel	1992	-0.42	11
Central_Sahel	1993	-0.72	11
Central_Sahel	1994	0.32	12
Central_Sahel	1995	-0.54	10
Central_Sahel	1996	-0.64	10
Central_Sahel	1997	-0.64	12
Central_Sahel	1998	0.31	14
Central_Sahel	1999	1.12	14
Central_Sahel	2000	-0.18	14
Central_Sahel	2001	0.00	14
Central_Sahel	2002	-0.46	13
Central_Sahel	2003	0.77	13
Central_Sahel	2004	-0.38	13
Central_Sahel	2005	0.21	13
Central_Sahel	2006	-0.01	13
Central_Sahel	2007	0.25	13
Guinea_Coast	1921	1.09	10
Guinea_Coast	1922	0.72	11
Guinea_Coast	1923	-0.11	13
Guinea_Coast	1924	-0.01	13
Guinea_Coast	1925	0.29	14
Guinea_Coast	1926	0.05	15
Guinea_Coast	1927	-0.22	13
Guinea_Coast	1928	0.02	13
Guinea_Coast	1929	0.08	13
Guinea_Coast	1930	-0.27	13
Guinea_Coast	1931	0.24	13
Guinea_Coast	1932	-0.64	14
Guinea_Coast	1933	0.63	15
Guinea_Coast	1934	0.66	15
Guinea_Coast	1935	0.04	15
Guinea_Coast	1936	-0.45	15
Guinea_Coast	1937	0.32	15
Guinea_Coast	1938	0.23	15
Guinea_Coast	1939	-0.45	15
Guinea_Coast	1940	0.32	15
Guinea_Coast	1941	0.74	15
Guinea_Coast	1942	-0.13	15
Guinea_Coast	1943	0.27	15
Guinea_Coast	1944	-0.26	15
Guinea_Coast	1945	-0.25	15
Guinea_Coast	1946	-0.43	15
Guinea_Coast	1947	1.00	15
Guinea_Coast	1948	-0.38	16
Guinea_Coast	1949	0.71	16
Guinea_Coast	1950	-0.64	16
Guinea_Coast	1951	0.62	16
Guinea_Coast	1952	0.59	16
Guinea_Coast	1953	-0.05	16
Guinea_Coast	1954	0.55	16
Guinea_Coast	1955	0.82	16
Guinea_Coast	1956	-0.23	16
Guinea_Coast	1957	-0.75	16
Guinea_Coast	1958	-0.75	16
Guinea_Coast	1959	-0.08	16
Guinea_Coast	1960	0.43	16
Guinea_Coast	1961	-0.84	16
Guinea_Coast	1962	0.77	16
Guinea_Coast	1963	1.14	16
Guinea_Coast	1964	-0.74	16
Guinea_Coast	1965	-0.29	16
Guinea_Coast	1966	-0.33	16
Guinea_Coast	1967	-0.32	16
Guinea_Coast	1968	1.05	16
Guinea_Coast	1969	-0.10	16
Guinea_Coast	1970	0.04	16
Guinea_Coast	1971	-0.49	16
Guinea_Coast	1972	-0.64	16
Guinea_Coast	1973	0.19	16
Guinea_Coast	1974	0.08	16
Guinea_Coast	1975	-0.65	16
Guinea_Coast	1976	-0.30	16
Guinea_Coast	1977	-0.08	16
Guinea_Coast	1978	-0.50	16
Guinea_Coast	1979	0.56	16
Guinea_Coast	1980	0.91	16
Guinea_Coast	1981	-0.23	16
Guinea_Coast	1982	-0.83	16
Guinea_Coast	1983	-1.39	16
Guinea_Coast	1984	0.04	16
Guinea_Coast	1985	-0.12	16
Guinea_Coast	1986	-0.46	16
Guinea_Coast	1987	1.39	16
Guinea_Coast	1988	0.04	16
Guinea_Coast	1989	0.16	16
Guinea_Coast	1990	-0.28	16
Guinea_Coast	1991	-0.06	16
Guinea_Coast	1992	-0.65	16
Guinea_Coast	1993	-0.01	16
Guinea_Coast	1994	0.24	16
Guinea_Coast	1995	0.12	16
Guinea_Coast	1996	-0.07	16
Guinea_Coast	1997	0.01	16
Guinea_Coast	1998	-0.14	16
Guinea_Coast	1999	0.13	16
Guinea_Coast	2000	-0.27	16
Guinea_Coast	2001	-0.47	15
Guinea_Coast	2002	0.00	15
Guinea_Coast	2003	0.58	15
Guinea_Coast	2004	0.29	14
Guinea_Coast	2005	-0.31	14
Guinea_Coast	2006	0.03	16
Guinea_Coast	2007	0.64	11