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McKay, Robert M; Naish, Tim R; Carter, Lionel; Riesselman, Christina R; Dunbar, Robert G; Winter, Diane M; Sjunneskog, Charlotte; Sangiorgi, Francesca; Warren, Courtney E; Pagani, Mark; Schouten, Stefan; Willmott, Verónica; Levy, Richard H; DeConto, Robert M; Powell, Ross (2012): (Table S1) Diatom abundance according to ice cycles in ANDRILL AND1-1B drill core [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.816030, Supplement to: McKay, RM et al. (2012): Antarctic and Southern Ocean influences on Late Pliocene global cooling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(17), 6423-6428, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1112248109

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Abstract:
The influence of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean on Late Pliocene global climate reconstructions has remained ambiguous due to a lack of well-dated Antarctic-proximal, paleoenvironmental records. Here we present ice sheet, sea-surface temperature, and sea ice reconstructions from the ANDRILL AND-1B sediment core recovered from beneath the Ross Ice Shelf. We provide evidence for a major expansion of an ice sheet in the Ross Sea that began at ~3.3 Ma, followed by a coastal sea surface temperature cooling of ~2.5°C, a stepwise expansion of sea ice, and polynya-style deep mixing in the Ross Sea between 3.3 and 2.5 Ma. The intensification of Antarctic cooling resulted in strengthened westerly winds and invigorated ocean circulation. The associated northward migration of Southern Ocean fronts has been linked with reduced Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation by restricting surface water connectivity between the ocean basins, with implications for heat transport to the high latitudes of the North Atlantic. While our results do not exclude low-latitude mechanisms as drivers for Pliocene cooling, they indicate an additional role played by southern high-latitude cooling during development of the bipolar world.
Coverage:
Latitude: -77.889440 * Longitude: 167.089320
Date/Time Start: 2006-10-31T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2006-12-26T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 151.30 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 459.24 m
Event(s):
AND1-1B (AND-1B) * Latitude: -77.889440 * Longitude: 167.089320 * Date/Time Start: 2006-10-31T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2006-12-26T00:00:00 * Elevation: -917.0 m * Recovery: 1284.85 m * Campaign: MIS (McMurdo Ice Shelf) * Basis: McMurdo Station * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: Drilled through shelf ice, thickness of ice ~82 m
Comment:
A minimum of 300 valves were counted in each sample at a magnification of 600×. A magnification of 1,000× was used to confirm species identifications. For centric diatoms, a specimen was counted as 'one' if the central area and a portion of the margin could be identified, or if at least one-half of the valve was preserved. For pennate diatoms, each identifiable apex was counted as 'one-half', and the total count for each species was divided by two before relative abundance percentages were calculated. Data extracted in the frame of a joint ICSTI/PANGAEA IPY effort, see http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.150150
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmGeocode
CyclesCycles#McKay, Robert Mice cycle number
Actinocyclus actinochilusA. actinochilus%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssea ice group
Fragilariopsis curtaF. curta%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssea ice group
Fragilariopsis cylindrusF. cylindrus%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssea ice group
Fragilariopsis obliquecostataF. obliquecostata%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssea ice group
Fragilariopsis ritscheriF. ritscheri%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssea ice group
Fragilariopsis sublinearisF. sublinearis%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssea ice group
Porosira pseudodenticulataP. pseudodenticulata%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssea ice group
10 Stellarima microtriasS. microtrias%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssea ice group
11 Thalassiosira antarcticaT. antarctica%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssea ice group
12 Thalassiosira tumidaT. tumida%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssea ice group
13 Fragilariopsis kerguelensisF. kerguelensis%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomspolar open ocean and seasonal sea ice tolerant
14 Rhizosolenia spp.Rhizosolenia spp.%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomspointed group; polar open ocean and seasonal sea ice tolerant
15 Rouxia antarcticaR. antarctica%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomspolar open ocean and seasonal sea ice tolerant
16 Thalassiosira lentiginosaT. lentiginosa%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomspolar open ocean and seasonal sea ice tolerant
17 Thalassiosira oliveranaT. oliverana%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomspolar open ocean and seasonal sea ice tolerant
18 Thalassiothrix antarcticaT. antarctica%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomspolar open ocean and seasonal sea ice tolerant
19 Trichotoxon reinboldiiT. reinboldii%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomspolar open ocean and seasonal sea ice tolerant
20 Stellarima stellarisS. stellaris%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssubantarctic
21 Thalassionema nitzschioidesT. nitzschioides%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomssubantarctic
22 Shionodiscus tetraoestrupiiS. tetraoestrupii%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatomsincluding S. oestrupii; subantarctic
23 Chaetoceros spp.Chaetoceros spp.%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatoms
24 Diatoms indeterminataDiatoms indet%McKay, Robert MCounting, diatoms
Size:
5851 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Depth sed [m]

Cycles [#]
(ice cycle number)

A. actinochilus [%]
(sea ice group)

F. curta [%]
(sea ice group)

F. cylindrus [%]
(sea ice group)

F. obliquecostata [%]
(sea ice group)

F. ritscheri [%]
(sea ice group)

F. sublinearis [%]
(sea ice group)

P. pseudodenticulata [%]
(sea ice group)
10 
S. microtrias [%]
(sea ice group)
11 
T. antarctica [%]
(sea ice group)
12 
T. tumida [%]
(sea ice group)
13 
F. kerguelensis [%]
(polar open ocean and seasonal...)
14 
Rhizosolenia spp. [%]
(pointed group; polar open oce...)
15 
R. antarctica [%]
(polar open ocean and seasonal...)
16 
T. lentiginosa [%]
(polar open ocean and seasonal...)
17 
T. oliverana [%]
(polar open ocean and seasonal...)
18 
T. antarctica [%]
(polar open ocean and seasonal...)
19 
T. reinboldii [%]
(polar open ocean and seasonal...)
20 
S. stellaris [%]
(subantarctic)
21 
T. nitzschioides [%]
(subantarctic)
22 
S. tetraoestrupii [%]
(including S. oestrupii; suban...)
23 
Chaetoceros spp. [%]
24 
Diatoms indet [%]
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