Citation:

j.epsl.2012.10.028

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Abstract:

The solubility of Re and Au in haplobasaltic melt has been investigated at 1673–2573 K, 0.1 MPa–2 GPa and IW-1 to +2.5, in both carbon-saturated and carbon-free systems. Results extend the existing, low pressure and temperature, dataset to more accurately predict the results of metal-silicate equilibrium at the base of a terrestrial magma ocean. Solubilities in run-product glasses were measured by laser ablation ICP-MS, which allows for the explicit assessment of contamination by metal inclusions. The Re and Au content of demonstrably contaminant-free glasses increases with temperature, and shows variation with oxygen fugacity (fO2) similar to previous results, although lower valence states for Re (1+, 2+) are suggested by the data. At 2 GPa, and Delta IW of +1.75 to +2, the metal-silicate partition coefficient for Re (DMet/Sil) is defined by the relation

LogD[met/sil][Re] = 0.50(±0.022)*10**4/T(K)+3.73(±0.095)

For metal-silicate equilibrium to endow Earth's mantle with the observed time-integrated chondritic Re/Os, (and hence 187Os/188Os), DMet/Sil for both elements must converge to a common value. Combined with previously measured DMet/Sil for Os, the estimated temperature at which this convergence occurs is 4500 (±900) K. At this temperature, however, the Re and Os content of the equilibrated silicate is ~100-fold too low to explain mantle abundances. In the same experiments, much lower Dmet/sil values have been determined for Au, and require the metal-silicate equilibration temperature to be <3200 K, as hotter conditions result in an excess of Au in the mantle. Thus, the large disparity in partitioning between Re or Os, and Au at core-forming temperatures argues against their mantle concentrations set solely by metal-silicate equilibrium at the base of a terrestrial magma ocean.

Comment:

Electron microprobe and LA-ICP-MS analyses for glass and alloy phases in experimental run products. Electron microprobe analyses are not normalised in this copy of the table, unlike table 1 of the article; allowing assessment of the data quality.

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Sample code/label	Sample label		Bennett, Neil R
2	Silicon dioxide	SiO2	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
3	Silicon dioxide, standard deviation	SiO2 std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
4	Aluminium oxide	Al2O3	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
5	Aluminium oxide, standard deviation	Al2O3 std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
6	Iron oxide, FeO	FeO	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
7	Iron oxide, FeO, standard deviation	FeO std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
8	Magnesium oxide	MgO	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
9	Magnesium oxide, standard deviation	MgO std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
10	Calcium oxide	CaO	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
11	Calcium oxide, standard deviation	CaO std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
12	Sodium oxide	Na2O	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
13	Sodium oxide, standard deviation	Na2O std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
14	Barium oxide	BaO	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
15	Barium oxide, standard deviation	BaO std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	silicate glass
16	Elements, total	Total	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	major elements, silicate glass
17	Rhenium	Re	mg/kg	Bennett, Neil R	LA-ICP-MS, Laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer	highly siderophile elements
18	Rhenium, standard deviation	Re std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	LA-ICP-MS, Laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer	highly siderophile elements
19	Gold	Au	mg/kg	Bennett, Neil R	LA-ICP-MS, Laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer	highly siderophile elements
20	Gold, standard deviation	Au std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	LA-ICP-MS, Laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer	highly siderophile elements
21	Iron	Fe	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	Au alloy
22	Iron, standard deviation	Fe std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	Au alloy
23	Nickel	Ni	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	Au alloy
24	Nickel, standard deviation	Ni std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	Au alloy
25	Gold	Au	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	Au alloy
26	Gold, standard deviation	Au std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	Au alloy
27	Rhenium	Re	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	Au alloy
28	Rhenium, standard deviation	Re std dev	±	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	Au alloy
29	Elements, total	Total	%	Bennett, Neil R	Electron microprobe (EMP)	major elements, Au alloy

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

499 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Sample label	2 SiO2 [%] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	3 SiO2 std dev [±] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	4 Al2O3 [%] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	5 Al2O3 std dev [±] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	6 FeO [%] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	7 FeO std dev [±] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	8 MgO [%] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	9 MgO std dev [±] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	10 CaO [%] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	11 CaO std dev [±] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	12 Na2O [%] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	13 Na2O std dev [±] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	14 BaO [%] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	15 BaO std dev [±] (silicate glass, Electron micr...)	16 Total [%] (major elements, silicate glas...)	17 Re [mg/kg] (highly siderophile elements, ...)	18 Re std dev [±] (highly siderophile elements, ...)	19 Au [mg/kg] (highly siderophile elements, ...)	20 Au std dev [±] (highly siderophile elements, ...)	21 Fe [%] (Au alloy, Electron microprobe...)	22 Fe std dev [±] (Au alloy, Electron microprobe...)	23 Ni [%] (Au alloy, Electron microprobe...)	24 Ni std dev [±] (Au alloy, Electron microprobe...)	25 Au [%] (Au alloy, Electron microprobe...)	26 Au std dev [±] (Au alloy, Electron microprobe...)	27 Re [%] (Au alloy, Electron microprobe...)	28 Re std dev [±] (Au alloy, Electron microprobe...)	29 Total [%] (major elements, Au alloy, Ele...)
AuReBas4	52.22	0.30	10.54	0.13	3.06	0.14	22.48	0.20	10.43	0.17	0.60	0.05	0.50	0.15	99.83	0.89	0.03	48.78	1.03	3.26	0.05	0.15	0.03	95.75	0.65	0.27	0.10	99.43
AuReBas5	51.54	0.29	10.16	0.13	2.93	0.14	24.23	0.20	10.15	0.17	0.54	0.05			99.55	1.06	0.08	10.78	0.44	1.88	0.04	0.09	0.03	98.78	0.66			100.75
AuReBas6	55.04	0.30	11.00	0.14	5.41	0.19	15.96	0.17	10.45	0.17	0.61	0.05			98.46	3.37	0.21	41.04	2.36	1.67	0.04	0.10	0.03	96.94	0.65	0.49	0.13	99.19
AuReBas7	54.12	0.30	10.79	0.14	6.15	0.20	17.62	0.18	10.28	0.17	0.60	0.05			99.55	8.05	0.39	120.17	2.78	2.74	0.04	0.19	0.03	96.42	0.65			99.34
AuReBas9	55.62	0.30	10.68	0.13	5.85	0.19	15.69	0.17	10.06	0.17	0.84	0.06			98.75	5.07	0.19	36.72	9.05	1.29	0.03	0.53	0.03	97.76	0.65			99.58
AuReBas10	50.90	0.29	9.88	0.13	5.61	0.19	19.89	0.19	9.76	0.17	0.72	0.05	1.70	0.21	98.47	1.70	0.07	42.52	13.42	3.42	0.05	0.62	0.03	95.08	0.64			99.12
AuReBas11	57.25	0.21	10.17	0.09	4.33	0.12	16.09	0.12	10.00	0.12	0.86	0.04			98.71	0.59	0.03	63.01	3.71	2.30	0.04	0.29	0.03	96.56	0.65			99.14
AuReBas12	49.98	0.20	7.47	0.08	21.71	0.26	13.38	0.11	6.56	0.10	0.50	0.03			99.60	12.61	0.47	40.40	1.46	3.26	0.05	0.06	0.02	96.65	0.66			99.97
AuReBas13	57.38	0.31	10.33	0.13	4.49	0.17	17.37	0.17	9.69	0.17	0.78	0.04			100.04	0.20	0.02	38.20	1.38	2.82	0.04	0.32	0.03	97.71	0.66			100.86
AuReBas16	56.16	0.31	10.81	0.14	5.75	0.20	16.43	0.17	10.31	0.17	0.37	0.03			99.84	0.05	0.01	0.12	0.01
AuReBas21	58.87	0.22	9.79	0.09	3.71	0.16	20.79	0.14	9.21	0.12	0.10	0.02			102.47	0.04	0.00	0.65	0.07
AuReBas22	55.12	0.22	9.46	0.09	7.83	0.22	19.52	0.13	9.06	0.12	0.56	0.03			101.55	3.66	0.27	27.67	2.92	1.45	0.04	0.12	0.03	99.00	0.47			100.57
AuReBas28	56.24	0.22	10.41	0.10	6.63	0.21	17.72	0.13	9.92	0.12	0.62	0.03			101.55	6.98	0.60	36.44	4.46	1.67	0.04	0.21	0.03	97.99	0.47			99.86
AuReBas29	52.73	0.21	10.45	0.09	4.91	0.18	19.34	0.13	10.51	0.12	0.33	0.03			98.27	0.34	0.03	9.21	0.52	2.73	0.04	0.13	0.03	97.34	0.47			100.20
AuReBas34	52.80	0.21	9.36	0.09	8.38	0.23	19.19	0.13	8.89	0.11	0.48	0.04			99.09	4.50	0.02	38.55	2.27	1.88	0.04	0.31	0.03	97.89	0.47	0.53		100.60
AuReBas42	50.51	0.31	9.95	0.10	7.51	0.15	16.98	0.14	10.40	0.12	0.81	0.04	2.56	0.33	98.72	0.27	0.02	2.75	0.13	1.36	0.03	0.43	0.03	97.87	0.47			99.66
AuReBas43	50.82	0.31	8.43	0.09	20.45	0.26	11.79	0.12	7.74	0.11	0.61	0.04	1.11	0.25	100.96	2.23	0.09	23.69	1.09	3.19	0.05			96.35	0.46			99.54
AuReBas44	55.82	0.32	10.51	0.10	4.06	0.12	16.54	0.13	9.85	0.12	0.70	0.04	1.73	0.32	99.21	6.05	0.24	97.30	4.64	2.20	0.04	0.12	0.03	97.25	0.46			99.57
AuReBas45	56.50	0.32	10.79	0.10	6.06	0.14	14.62	0.12	10.08	0.12	0.71	0.04			98.76	8.78	0.36	348.97	17.54	2.84	0.04	0.58	0.03	96.91	0.46			100.33
AuReBas48	56.20	0.32	11.17	0.11	1.18	0.08	19.26	0.14	11.00	0.13	0.72	0.04	2.07	0.29	101.61	0.59	0.06	39.23	1.76	1.15	0.03			98.07	0.46			99.22