Citation:

S0025-3227(02)00210-4

Name: Biogenic opal and diatoms in surface sediments of the South Western Atlantic
Published: 2002-10-16
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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Published: 2002-10-16 • DOI registered: 2005-03-18

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Abstract:

Based on 66 surface sediment samples collected in the SW Atlantic Ocean between 27 and 50°S, this study presents an overview of the spatial distribution of biogenic opal and diatom concentrations, and diatom assemblages. Biogenic opal has highest values in the deepest, pelagic stations and decreases toward the slope. Diatoms closely follow the spatial trend of opal. Diatom assemblages reflect the present-day dominant hydrographical features. Antarctic diatoms are the main contributors to the preserved diatom community in core top sediments, with coastal planktonic and tropical/subtropical diatoms as secondary components. Dominance of Antarctic diatoms between 35 and 50°S in the pelagic realm mirrors the northward displacement of Antarctic-source water masses, characterized by high nutrient content and low salinity. Northward of ca. 35°S, the highest contribution of tropical/subtropical, pelagic diatoms, typical for nutrient-poor and high salinity waters, matches the main southward path of the Brazil Current. Mixing of Antarctic and tropical waters down up to 45°S is clearly illustrated by the diatom assemblage. Concentrations of biogenic opal and diatoms rather reflect the path of predominant water masses, but are less correlated with surface water productivity in the SW Atlantic.

Project(s):

Geosciences, University of Bremen (GeoB)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -36.143388 * Median Longitude: -50.606819 * South-bound Latitude: -48.911667 * West-bound Longitude: -60.093333 * North-bound Latitude: -28.714500 * East-bound Longitude: -38.170000

Date/Time Start: 1994-06-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1999-12-27T19:50:00

Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 0 m

Event(s):

GeoB2703-7 * Latitude: -38.513333 * Longitude: -54.201667 * Date/Time: 1994-06-19T00:00:00 * Elevation: -1162.0 m * Recovery: 0.29 m * Location: Slope off Argentina * Campaign: * Basis: * Method/Device: MultiCorer (MUC)

GeoB2704-1 * Latitude: -38.925000 * Longitude: -53.928333 * Date/Time: 1994-06-20T00:00:00 * Elevation: -3247.0 m * Recovery: 0.2 m * Location: Slope off Argentina * Campaign: * Basis: * Method/Device: MultiCorer (MUC) * Comment: 6 large, 3 small tubes

GeoB2706-6 * Latitude: -42.368333 * Longitude: -55.535000 * Date/Time: 1994-06-21T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4700.0 m * Recovery: 0.2 m * Location: Slope off Argentina * Campaign: * Basis: * Method/Device: MultiCorer (MUC) * Comment: 6 large, 3 small tubes

Comment:

Diatom species (relative abundance, %)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Event label	Event
2	Latitude of event	Latitude
3	Longitude of event	Longitude
4	Elevation of event	Elevation	m
5	DEPTH, sediment/rock	Depth sed	m			Geocode
6	Diatoms, total, per unit sediment mass	TDA/sed	10⁶ #/g	Romero, Oscar E
7	Achnanthes brevipes	A. brevipes	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
8	Actinocyclus actinochilus	A. actinochilus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
9	Actinocyclus curvatulus	A. curvatulus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
10	Actinocyclus elongatus	A. elongatus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
11	Actinocyclus exiguus	A. exiguus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
12	Actinocyclus octonarius	A. octonarius	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
13	Actinocyclus subtilis	A. subtilis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
14	Actinoptychus senarius	A. senarius	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
15	Actinoptychus vulgaris	A. vulgaris	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
16	Alveus marinus	A. marinus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
17	Asterolampra marylandica	A. marylandica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
18	Asteromphalus arachne	A. arachne	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
19	Asteromphalus cleveanus	A. cleveanus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
20	Asteromphalus flabellatus	A. flabellatus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
21	Asteromphalus hookeri	A. hookeri	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
22	Asteromphalus parvulus	A. parvulus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
23	Asteromphalus variabilis	A. variabilis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
24	Aulacoseira granulata	A. granulata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
25	Aulacoseira islandica	A. islandica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
26	Azpeitia africana	A. africana	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
27	Azpeitia barronii	A. barronii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
28	Azpeitia neocrenulata	A. neocrenulata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
29	Azpeitia nodulifera	A. nodulifera	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
30	Azpeitia tabularis	A. tabularis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
31	Azpeitia tabularis var egregius	A. tabularis var. egregius	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
32	Bacteriastrum elongatum	B. elongatum	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
33	Bacteriastrum sp.	Bacteriastrum sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
34	Biddulphia alternans	B. alternans	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
35	Catenula pelagica	C. pelagica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
36	Chaetoceros decipiens	C. decipiens	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
37	Chaetoceros diadema	C. diadema	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
38	Chaetoceros lorenzianus	C. lorenzianus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
39	Chaetoceros peruvianus	C. peruvianus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
40	Chaetoceros affinis, resting spores	C. affinis rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
41	Chaetoceros cinctus, resting spores	C. cinctus rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
42	Chaetoceros compresus, resting spores	C. compresus rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
43	Chaetoceros coronatus, resting spores	C. coronatus rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
44	Chaetoceros debilis, resting spores	C. debilis rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
45	Chaetoceros diadema, resting spores	C. diadema rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
46	Chaetoceros didymus, resting spores	C. didymus rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
47	Chaetoceros lorenzianus, resting spores	C. lorenzianus rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
48	Chaetoceros radicans, resting spores	C. radicans rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
49	Chaetoceros socialis, resting spores	C. socialis rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
50	Chaetoceros vanheurckii, resting spores	C. vanheurckii rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
51	Chaetoceros sp., resting spores	Chaetoceros sp. rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Chaetoceros sp. 1, resting spores
52	Chaetoceros sp., resting spores	Chaetoceros sp. rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Chaetoceros sp. 2, resting spores
53	Chaetoceros sp., resting spores	Chaetoceros sp. rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Chaetoceros sp. 4, resting spores
54	Chaetoceros sp., resting spores	Chaetoceros sp. rs	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Chaetoceros sp. 5, resting spores
55	Cocconeis britannica	C. britannica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
56	Cocconeis californica	C. californica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
57	Cocconeis dirupta	C. dirupta	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
58	Cocconeis pinnata	C. pinnata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
59	Cocconeis placentula	C. placentula	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
60	Cocconeis stauroneiformis	C. stauroneiformis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
61	Coscinodiscus argus	C. argus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
62	Coscinodiscus marginatus	C. marginatus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Coscinodiscus marginatus/radiatus
63	Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis	C. oculus-iridis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
64	Coscinodiscus radiatus	C. radiatus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
65	Coscinodiscus thorii	C. thorii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
66	Cyclotella litoralis	C. litoralis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
67	Cyclotella meneghiniana	C. meneghiniana	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
68	Cymatopleura marina	C. marina	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
69	Cymbella sp.	Cymbella sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
70	Delphineis surirella	D. surirella	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
71	Denticula sp.	Denticula sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
72	Detonula pumila	D. pumila	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
73	Diploneis bombus	D. bombus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
74	Diploneis didyma	D. didyma	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
75	Diploneis papula var. constricta	D. papula var. constricta	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
76	Ditylum brightwellii	D. brightwellii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
77	Epithemia sp.	Epithemia sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
78	Eucampia antarctica	E. antarctica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
79	Eunotia sp.	Eunotia sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
80	Fragilariopsis curta	F. curta	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
81	Fragilariopsis cylindrus	F. cylindrus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
82	Fragilariopsis doliolus	F. doliolus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
83	Fragilariopsis kerguelensis	F. kerguelensis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
84	Fragilariopsis pseudonana	F. pseudonana	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
85	Fragilariopsis ritscheri	F. ritscheri	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
86	Fragilariopsis separanda	F. separanda	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
87	Frustulia sp.	Frustulia sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
88	Gomphonema sp.	Gomphonema sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
89	Grammatophora sp.	Grammatophora sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
90	Guinardia cylindrus	G. cylindrus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
91	Hantzschia amphioxys	H. amphioxys	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
92	Hemidiscus cuneiformis	H. cuneiformis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
93	Hyalodiscus scoticus	H. scoticus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
94	Lioloma elongatum	L. elongatum	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
95	Lioloma pacificum	L. pacificum	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
96	Luticola mutica	L. mutica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
97	Navicula distans	N. distans	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
98	Neidium sp.	Neidium sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
99	Neodelphineis indica	N. indica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
100	Nitzschia aequatorialis	N. aequatorialis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
101	Nitzschia bicapitata	N. bicapitata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
102	Nitzschia braarudii	N. braarudii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
103	Nitzschia capuluspalae	N. capuluspalae	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
104	Nitzschia interruptestriata	N. interruptestriata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
105	Nitzschia kolaczeckii	N. kolaczeckii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
106	Nitzschia sicula	N. sicula	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
107	Nitzschia sicula sp.	N. sicula sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Nitzschia sicula sp. 2
108	Nitzschia sp. cf. N. sicula	Nitzschia sp. cf. N. sicula	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
109	Nitzschia sp.	Nitzschia sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Nitzschia sp. 2
110	Nitzschia sp.	Nitzschia sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Nitzschia sp. 3
111	Paralia sulcata	P. sulcata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
112	Pinnularia borealis	P. boralis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
113	Pinnularia sp.	Pinnularia sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Pinnularia sp. 1
114	Planktoniella sol	P. sol	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
115	Pleurosigma directum	P. directum	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
116	Pleurosigma planctonicum	P. planctonicum	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
117	Pleurosigma sp.	Pleurosigma sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
118	Porosira pseudodenticulata	P. pseudodenticulata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
119	Proboscia alata	P. alata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
120	Proboscia alata forma indica	P. alata f indica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
121	Psammodictyon panduriforme	P. panduriforme	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
122	Psammodictyon inflatula var. capitata	P. inflatula var. capitata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
123	Psammodictyon pungens	P. pungens	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
124	Pseudosolenia calcar-avis	P. calcar-avis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
125	Pseudostaurosira brevistriata	P. brevistriata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
126	Pseudotriceratium punctatum	P. punctatum	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
127	Rhizosolenia acicularis	R. acicularis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
128	Rhizosolenia acuminata	R. acuminata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
129	Rhizosolenia antennata forma antennata	R. antennata f antennata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
130	Rhizosolenia antennata forma semispina	R. antennata f semispina	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
131	Rhizosolenia bergonii	R. bergonii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
132	Rhizosolenia borealis	R. borealis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
133	Rhizosolenia clevei	R. clevei	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
134	Rhizosolenia hebetata forma hebetata	R. hebetata f hebetata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
135	Rhizosolenia Imbricatae	R. Imbricatae	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
136	Rhizosolenia pungens	R. pungens	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
137	Rhizosolenia robusta	R. robusta	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
138	Rhizosolenia setigera	R. setigera	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
139	Rhizosolenia sima	R. sima	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
140	Rhizosolenia styliformis	R. styliformis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
141	Roperia tessellata	R. tessellata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
142	Skeletonema costatum	S. costatum	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
143	Stauroneis anceps	S. anceps	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
144	Staurosirella lapponica	S. lapponica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
145	Stellarima microtrias	S. microtrias	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
146	Stephanodiscus astraea	S. astraea	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
147	Surirella sp.	Surirella sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
148	Thalassionema bacillare	T. bacillare	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
149	Thalassionema bacillare sp.	T. bacillare sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Thalassionema bacillare sp. 2
150	Thalassionema frauenfeldii	T. frauenfeldii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
151	Thalassionema nitzschioides var. nitzschioides	T. nitzschioides var. nitzschioides	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
152	Thalassionema nitzschioides var. capitulata	T. nitzschioides var. capitulata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
153	Thalassionema nitzschioides var. inflata	T. nitzschioides var. inflata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
154	Thalassionema nitzschioides var. lanceolata	T. nitzschioides var. lanceolata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
155	Thalassionema nitzschioides var. parva	T. nitzschioides var. parva	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
156	Thalassiosira allenii	T. allenii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
157	Thalassiosira angulata	T. angulata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
158	Thalassiosira anguste-lineata	T. anguste-lineata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
159	Thalassiosira antarctica	T. antarctica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Thalassiosira antarctica (veget.)
160	Thalassiosira antarctica	T. antarctica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Thalassiosira antarctica (spore)
161	Thalassiosira bioculata	T. bioculata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
162	Thalassiosira conferta	T. conferta	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
163	Thalassiosira eccentrica	T. eccentrica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
164	Thalassiosira eccentrica pattern	T. eccentrica pattern	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
165	Thalassiosira elsayedii	T. elsayedii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
166	Thalassiosira endoseriata	T. endoseriata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
167	Thalassiosira ferelineata	T. ferelineata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
168	Thalassiosira frenguelliopsis	T. frenguelliopsis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
169	Thalassiosira gerloffii	T. gerloffii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
170	Thalassiosira gracilis	T. gracilis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
171	Thalassiosira gracilis var. expecta	T. gracilis var. expecta	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
172	Thalassiosira gravida	T. gravida	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
173	Thalassiosira hendeyi	T. hendeyi	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
174	Thalassiosira lentiginosa	T. lentiginosa	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
175	Thalassiosira leptopus	T. leptopus	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
176	Thalassiosira lineata	T. lineata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
177	Thalassiosira mendiolana	T. mendiolana	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
178	Thalassiosira minima	T. minima	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	including T. minuscula
179	Thalassiosira nanolineata	T. nanolineata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
180	Thalassiosira nodulineata	T. nodulineata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
181	Thalassiosira oestrupii var. oestrupii	T. oestrupii var. oestrupii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
182	Thalassiosira oestrupii var. venrickae	T. oestrupii var. venrickae	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
183	Thalassiosira pacifica	T. pacifica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
184	Thalassiosira perpusilla	T. perpusilla	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
185	Thalassiosira plicata	T. plicata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
186	Thalassiosira poroseriata	T. poroseriata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
187	Thalassiosira poro-irregulata	T. poro-irregulata	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
188	Thalassiosira punctigera	T. punctigera	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
189	Thalassiosira rotula	T. rotula	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
190	Thalassiosira sackettii forma sackettii	T. sacketii f sacketii	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
191	Thalassiosira sackettii forma plana	T. sackettii f plana	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
192	Thalassiosira subtilis	T. subtilis	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
193	Thalassiosira symmetrica	T. symmetrica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
194	Thalassiosira trifulta	T. trifulta	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
195	Thalassiosira tumida	T. tumida	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
196	Thalassiosira sp.	Thalassiosira sp.	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms	Thalassiosira sp. Z
197	Thalassiothrix antarctica	T. antarctica	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
198	Trachyneis aspera	T. aspera	%	Romero, Oscar E	Counting, diatoms
199	Opal, biogenic silica	bSiO2	%	Romero, Oscar E	Sequential leaching technique

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Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

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11639 data points

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