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Nelson, Campbell S; Froggatt, Paul C; Gosson, Gregory J (1986): Nature, chemistry, and origin of late Cenozoic megascopic tephras in Legs 89 and 90 Cores from the Southwest Pacific [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.792834, Supplement to: Nelson, CS et al. (1986): Nature, chemistry, and origin of late Cenozoic megascopic tephras in Leg 90 Cores from the Southwest Pacific. In: Kennett, JP; von der Borch, CC; et al. (eds.), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Washington (U.S. Govt. Printing Office), 90, 1161-1173, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.90.126.1986

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Published: 1986 (exact date unknown) • DOI registered: 2012-11-19

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Abstract:
Several thin (1-10 cm) megascopic vitric tephras occur in the late Cenozoic calcareous oozes on Lord Howe Rise in the Tasman Sea and off eastern South Island, New Zealand. Of the 18 tephras analyzed 15 are silicic (75-78% SiO2) with abundant clear glass shards and a biotite ± hypersthene ± green hornblende ferromagnesian mineralogy. The Neogene silicic tephras were derived from the now-extinct Coromandel volcanic area in New Zealand, and the Quaternary ones from the presently active Central Volcanic Region of New Zealand. On the basis of glass chemistry and age, several of the Quaternary tephras are probably correlatives, and at least two can be matched to the major on-land Mt. Curl tephra (-0.25 m.y.). The occurrence of correlative silicic tephras both northwest and southeast of New Zealand may result from particularly violent eruptions, the ash below and above an altitude of -20 km being dispersed in opposite directions toward the Pacific Ocean and Tasman Sea, respectively. Ash drifting eastward into the southeasterly trade wind belt off northeastern New Zealand could also be carried into the central and northern Tasman Sea.
Three megascopic tephras consist of altered basic shards and common labradorite crystals. They record Neogene explosive basaltic to andesitic activity from nearby ocean island or ridge sources in the Ontong-Java Plateau and Vanuatu regions.
The megascopic tephras are a very incomplete and biased record of late Cenozoic explosive volcanism in the southwest Pacific because the innumerable, thin, green argillaceous layers in the cores (Gardner et al., this volume) probably represent devitrified intermediate to basic tephras derived mainly from oceanic arc volcanism along the Pacific/Australia plate boundary. In contrast to the New Zealand-derived silicic glass shards, the preservation potential of these more basic shards in Leg 90 calcareous sediments was low.
Project(s):
Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -18.531974 * Median Longitude: 163.981139 * South-bound Latitude: -45.523500 * West-bound Longitude: 158.498200 * North-bound Latitude: -0.497300 * East-bound Longitude: 174.948000
Date/Time Start: 1982-11-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1983-01-03T00:00:00
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
6 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Nelson, CS; Froggatt, PC; Gosson, GJ (1986): (Table 7) Representative chemical composition of plagioclase crystals at DSDP Holes 89-586 and 90-587. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.792830
  2. Nelson, CS; Froggatt, PC; Gosson, GJ (1986): (Table 3) Element composition at DSDP Hole 89-586. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.792827
  3. Nelson, CS; Froggatt, PC; Gosson, GJ (1986): (Table 5) Chemical composition of glass shards from megascopic tephras in DSDP Legs 89 and 90 cores. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.792829
  4. Nelson, CS; Froggatt, PC; Gosson, GJ (1986): (Table 2) General grain size classification and mineralogic composition of megascopic tephras in DSDP Legs 89 and 90 sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.792826
  5. Nelson, CS; Froggatt, PC; Gosson, GJ (1986): (Table 4) General morphologic features of dominant glass shard types in megascopic tephras from DSDP Legs 89 and 90 cores. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.792828
  6. Nelson, CS; Froggatt, PC; Gosson, GJ (1986): (Table 1) Stratigraphy of megascopic vitric tephras in DSDP Legs 89 and 90 cores. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.792825