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Baker, Peter E; Coltorti, Massimo; Briqueu, Louis; Hasenaka, Toshiaki; Condliffe, Eric (1994): Chemical composition of volcanic ash layers from ODP Leg 134 sites [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.787589, Supplement to: Baker, PE et al. (1994): Volcanic Ash Layers from Sites 828, 830, 831, 832, and 833, New Hebrides Island Arc. In: Green, HG; Collot, J-Y; Stokking, LB; et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 134, 403-412, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.134.020.1994

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Abstract:
Volcanic ash layers (1-3 cm thick) are abundant in the North Aoba Basin drill sites but less common at forearc sites. Ash deposited on the forearc slopes is liable to be redistributed as turbidites. In addition, the westerly upper winds also minimize ash-fall on the western (forearc) side of the New Hebrides Island Arc.
Crystalline components in the ashes are primarily plagioclase (An90-An44), clinopyroxene (Ca46Mg49Fe5-Ca43Mg33Fe24), olivine (Fo87-Fo62), and titanomagnetite. There are also small amounts of orthopyroxene, magnetite, apatite, and quartz. Glass shards occur in most of the ashes and range in composition from basalt to rhyolite. There is often a variety of glass compositions within a single ash layer. One explanation for this is that the rate of accumulation of ash from several different eruptions or eruptive phases exceeded the background sedimentation rate: there may also have been a certain amount of reworking. The high-K and low-K trends previously recognized in volcanic rocks from the New Hebrides Island Arc are clearly represented in the Leg 134 glasses. All of the ashes investigated here are thought to have originated from the Central Chain volcanoes. The source of the high-K group was probably the Central Basin volcanoes of Santa Maria, Aoba, and Ambrym. The lower-K series includes a distinctive group of dacites and is likely to have originated from the Epi-Tongoa-Tongariki sector of the arc where major pyroclastic eruptions, associated with caldera collapse, have occurred during the Holocene, perhaps as recently as 400 yr ago.
Project(s):
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -15.206572 * Median Longitude: 167.078669 * South-bound Latitude: -16.009000 * West-bound Longitude: 166.284000 * North-bound Latitude: -14.796000 * East-bound Longitude: 167.880000
Date/Time Start: 1990-10-25T11:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1990-12-03T22:30:00
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
5 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Baker, PE; Coltorti, M; Briqueu, L et al. (1994): (Table 4) Major element composition of forearc glasses from ODP Holes 134-828A, 134-830A and 134-831A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.787587
  2. Baker, PE; Coltorti, M; Briqueu, L et al. (1994): (Table 3) Chemistry of olivines from ODP Holes 134-828A and 134-832A ash layers. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.787586
  3. Baker, PE; Coltorti, M; Briqueu, L et al. (1994): (Table 5) Major element composition of glasses from ODP Holes 134-32A and 134-833A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.787588
  4. Baker, PE; Coltorti, M; Briqueu, L et al. (1994): (Table 1) Chemistry of plagioclase from ODP Leg 134 ash layers. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.787584
  5. Baker, PE; Coltorti, M; Briqueu, L et al. (1994): (Table 2) Chemistry of pyroxenes from ODP Leg 134 ash layers. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.787585