Higgins, Meytal B; Robinson, Rebecca S; Carter, Susan J; Pearson, Ann (2010): (Appendix) Carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of ODP Site 160-964 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.786705, Supplement to: Higgins, MB et al. (2010): Evidence from chlorin nitrogen isotopes for alternating nutrient regimes in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 290(1-2), 102-107, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.12.009
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Abstract:
Nitrogen isotopes of chlorins, degradation products of chlorophyll, reflect the isotopic composition of nutrient N utilized by marine phytoplankton communities. Here we show that in sediments of the eastern Mediterranean Pleistocene and Holocene, values of d15N for chlorins and total nitrogen vary in concert, with a consistent offset of ~5 per mil reflecting the fractionation imparted during chlorophyll biosynthesis. Samples from the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Sites 964 and 969 were analyzed at a sampling resolution of ~4-10 cm, clustered around sapropel events 2, 3, 4 and 5 (~100-170 ka). In low organic content sediments, chlorin values of ~0 per mil coincident with total nitrogen values of ~+ 5 per mil indicate that the latter reflects the original biomass and is not a consequence of diagenetic isotope enrichment. In sapropel horizons, the chlorin and total nitrogen values are 5 per mil more negative (~-5 per mil and ~ 0 per mil, respectively), resembling previously-reported, modern-day water-column particulates (~0 per mil). We suggest that nutrient conditions in the Eastern Mediterranean correspond to three scenarios and that the similarity between sapropel and modern-day bulk d15N is coincidental. Organic-poor marl sediments formed under oligotrophic conditions where surface productivity resulted from upwelling of Atlantic-sourced nitrate. Sapropels were characterized by enhanced diazotrophy that was likely fueled by increased riverine P fluxes to surface waters. Present-day conditions are dominated by anthropogenic N sources. These scenarios agree with a model of sapropel formation in which stratification caused by increased fresh-water inputs led to N fixation due to P:N nutrient imbalance. Enhanced production combined with stratification promoted and maintained anoxic deep waters, consequently increasing organic matter preservation. Such a model may be relevant to interpreting other episodes of intense organic matter deposition in past oceans.
Project(s):
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)
Coverage:
Latitude: 36.260533 * Longitude: 17.750433
Date/Time Start: 1995-03-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1995-03-21T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 3.16 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 9.31 m
Event(s):
160-964 * Latitude: 36.260533 * Longitude: 17.750433 * Date/Time Start: 1995-03-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1995-03-21T00:00:00 * Elevation: -3659.0 m * Penetration: 531.1 m * Recovery: 512.3 m * Location: Eastern Basin * Campaign: Leg160 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Composite Core (COMPCORE) * Comment: 55 cores; 498.6 m cored; 0 m drilled; 102.8% recovery
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DEPTH, sediment/rock | Depth sed | m | Geocode – mbsf | ||
| 2 | Comment | Comment | Higgins, Meytal B | sapropel | ||
| 3 | δ13C, organic carbon | δ13C Corg | ‰ PDB | Higgins, Meytal B | ||
| 4 | δ13C, standard deviation | δ13C std dev | ± | Higgins, Meytal B | ||
| 5 | Carbon, organic, total | TOC | % | Higgins, Meytal B | ||
| 6 | Carbon, organic, total, standard deviation | TOC std dev | ± | Higgins, Meytal B | ||
| 7 | δ15N | δ15N | ‰ air | Higgins, Meytal B | total N | |
| 8 | δ15N, standard deviation | δ15N std dev | ± | Higgins, Meytal B | total N | |
| 9 | Nitrogen, total | TN | % | Higgins, Meytal B | ||
| 10 | Nitrogen, total, standard deviation | TN std dev | ± | Higgins, Meytal B | ||
| 11 | δ15N, standard deviation | δ15N std dev | ± | Higgins, Meytal B | average total N | |
| 12 | δ15N | δ15N | ‰ air | Higgins, Meytal B | Chlorin | |
| 13 | δ15N, standard deviation | δ15N std dev | ± | Higgins, Meytal B | Chlorin | |
| 14 | Δδ15N | Δδ15N | ‰ air | Higgins, Meytal B | total N - chlorin | |
| 15 | Δδ15N, standard deviation | Δδ15N std dev | ± | Higgins, Meytal B | total N - chlorin | |
| 16 | Sample comment | Sample comment | Higgins, Meytal B | fraction |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
298 data points
Data
| 1 Depth sed [m] (mbsf) | 2 Comment (sapropel) | 3 δ13C Corg [‰ PDB] | 4 δ13C std dev [±] | 5 TOC [%] | 6 TOC std dev [±] | 7 δ15N [‰ air] (total N) | 8 δ15N std dev [±] (total N) | 9 TN [%] | 10 TN std dev [±] | 11 δ15N std dev [±] (average total N) | 12 δ15N [‰ air] (Chlorin) | 13 δ15N std dev [±] (Chlorin) | 14 Δδ15N [‰ air] (total N - chlorin) | 15 Δδ15N std dev [±] (total N - chlorin) | 16 Sample comment (fraction) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6.21 | -23.06 | 0.64 | 0.25 | 0.02 | |||||||||||
| 6.29 | -23.63 | 0.91 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 4.78 | 0.05 | F2 | ||||||||
| 6.35 | -22.67 | 0.23 | 5.13 | 0.04 | 4.95 | 0.76 | 1.59 | 4.2 | 1.6 | ||||||
| 6.39 | S2 | -23.60 | 0.19 | 1.38 | 1.40 | 1.23 | 0.17 | 1.23 | -4.18 | 0.35 | 5.4 | 0.4 | F1, F2 | ||
| 6.43 | S2 | -23.56 | 2.05 | 1.87 | 0.01 | 0.14 | 0 | ||||||||
| 6.46 | S2 | -22.54 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.03 | 3.82 | 0.19 | 0.04 | 0 | ||||||
| 6.52 | -24.95 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.02 | 4.88 | 0.04 | |||||||||
| 6.56 | -23.99 | 0.13 | 4.10 | 0.02 | F1, F2 | ||||||||||
| 6.61 | -23.00 | 0.08 | 0.31 | 0.02 | 5.86 | 0.05 | 4.95 | -0.60 | 0.85 | 5.5 | 1.2 | ||||
| 6.91 | -27.30 | 0.38 | 5.85 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0 | 5.85 | -1.96 | 7.8 | 0.9 | F1 | ||||
| 7.01 | -22.53 | 0.21 | 6.64 | 0.03 | |||||||||||
| 7.11 | -22.50 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.00 | 4.78 | 0.04 | |||||||||
| 7.16 | S3 | -22.60 | 5.23 | -0.51 | 0.32 | ||||||||||
| 7.21 | S3 | -22.91 | 0.04 | 4.24 | 0.23 | 0.17 | 0.29 | 0.17 | -3.79 | 0.18 | 4.0 | 0.2 | F2 | ||
| 7.25 | S3 | -23.56 | 1.52 | 1.85 | 0.12 | ||||||||||
| 7.30 | -22.85 | 0.28 | 5.04 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0 | |||||||||
| 7.36 | -25.20 | 2.63 | 0.63 | 0.45 | 5.36 | 0.04 | F1 | ||||||||
| 7.41 | -23.72 | 0.79 | 0.23 | 0.02 | 5.56 | 0.05 | 5.32 | 0.20 | 0.37 | 5.1 | 0.5 | ||||
| 9.11 | -23.66 | 0.11 | 0.28 | 0.01 | 5.88 | 0.04 | |||||||||
| 9.15 | -23.08 | 0.11 | 4.00 | 0.02 | F1 | ||||||||||
| 9.20 | 0.00 | 4.94 | -1.05 | 6.0 | 1.3 | ||||||||||
| 9.24 | S4 | -25.36 | 0.15 | 2.17 | 0.05 | 0.82 | 0.14 | 0.82 | -4.48 | 0.07 | 5.3 | 0.1 | F2 | ||
| 9.27 | -24.63 | 0.26 | 0.72 | 0.06 | |||||||||||
| 9.31 | -22.04 | 4.10 | 0.04 | 4.10 | -1.65 | 0.43 | 5.8 | 0.4 | F1, F2 | ||||||
| 3.16 | -21.65 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0.00 | |||||||||||
| 3.21 | -21.60 | 0.44 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 5.01 | 0.03 | |||||||||
| 3.24 | S4 | -22.67 | 2.16 | 1.57 | 0.14 | ||||||||||
| 3.31 | -22.37 | 0.23 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 5.45 | 0.40 | 0.04 | 0 | |||||||
| 3.36 | -6.03 | 1.58 | 0.90 | 0.26 | F1, F2 | ||||||||||
| 3.41 | -22.35 | 0.26 | 5.04 | 0.03 | 5.24 | -2.10 | 0.60 | 7.3 | 0.7 | ||||||
| 3.51 | -21.77 | 0.04 | 0.19 | 0.00 | 6.03 | 0.02 | |||||||||
| 3.66 | -22.71 | 0.23 | 4.72 | 0.03 | 5.38 | 0.02 | 1.03 | 5.4 | 3.8 | F1, F2 | |||||
| 3.73 | S5 | -22.23 | 0.99 | -0.85 | 0.36 | -0.85 | -4.92 | 0.31 | 4.1 | 0.3 | F1, F2 | ||||
| 3.79 | S5 | -22.20 | 0.13 | 6.42 | 0.16 | -0.84 | 0.38 | -0.84 | -5.11 | 0.53 | 4.3 | 0.5 | F2 | ||
| 3.85 | S5 | -22.10 | 6.01 | -0.77 | 0.35 | ||||||||||
| 3.91 | S5 | -22.60 | 0.10 | 7.74 | 0.44 | -0.64 | 0.51 | -0.64 | -4.88 | 0.50 | 4.2 | 0.5 | F1, F2 | ||
| 4.03 | -22.19 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 4.93 | 0.03 | |||||||||
| 4.07 | -23.05 | 0.02 | 0.29 | 0.36 | 5.80 | 0.03 | F1 | ||||||||
| 4.17 | -20.84 | 0.19 | 5.81 | 0.03 | 5.51 | -0.65 | 0.48 | 6.2 | 0.7 |