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Karl, Susan M; Wandless, G A; Karpoff, Anne Marie (1992): Sedimentology and geochemistry of ODP Leg 129 siliceous deposits [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778505, Supplement to: Karl, SM et al. (1992): Sedimentological and geochemical characteristics of Leg 129 siliceous deposits. In: Larson, RL; Lancelot, Y; et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 129, 31-79, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.129.111.1992

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Abstract:
Siliceous deposits drilled on Ocean Drilling Program Leg 129 accumulated within a few degrees of the equator during the Jurassic through early Tertiary, as constrained by paleomagnetic data. During the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, radiolarian ooze, mixed with a minor amount of pelagic clay, was deposited near the equator, and overall accumulation rates were moderate to low. At a smaller scale, in more detail, periods of relatively higher accumulation rates alternated with periods of very low accumulation rates. Higher rates are represented by radiolarite and limestone; lower rates are represented by radiolarian claystone. Our limited data from Leg 129 suggests that accumulation of biogenic deposits was not symmetrical about the equator or consistent over time. In the Jurassic, sedimentation was siliceous; in the Cretaceous there was significant calcareous deposition; in the Tertiary claystone indicates significantly lower accumulation rates at least the northern part of the equatorial zone. Accumulation rates for Leg 129 deposits in the Cretaceous were higher in the southern part of the equatorial zone than in the northern part, and the southern side of this high productivity zone extended to approximately 15°S, while the northern side extended only to about 5°N.
Accumulation rates are influenced by relative contributions from various sediment sources. Several elements and element ratios are useful for discriminating sedimentary sources for the equatorial depositional environments. Silica partitioning calculations indicate that silica is dominantly of biogenic origin, with a detrital component in the volcaniclastic turbidite units, and a small hydrothermal component in the basal sediments on spreading ridge basement of Jurassic age at Site 801. Iron in Leg 129 sediments is dominantly of detrital origin, highest in the volcaniclastic units, with a minor hydrothermal component in the basal sediments at Site 801. Manganese concentrations are highest in the units with the lowest accumulation rates. Fe/Mn ratios are >3 in all units, indicating negligible hydrothermal influence. Magnesium and aluminum concentrations are highest in the volcaniclastic
units and in the basal sediments at Site 801. Phosphorous is very low in abundance and may be detrital, derived from fish parts. Boron is virtually absent, as is typical of deep-water deposits. Rare earth element concentrations are slightly higher in the volcaniclastic deposits, suggesting a detrital source, and lower in the rest of the lithologic units. Rare earth element abundances are also low relative to "average shale." Rare earth element patterns indicate all samples are light rare earth element enriched. Siliceous deposits in the volcaniclastic units have patterns which lack a cerium anomaly, suggesting some input of rare earth elements from a detrital source; most other units have a distinct negative Ce anomaly similar to seawater, suggesting a seawater source, through adsorption either onto biogenic tests or incorporation into authigenic minerals for Ce in these units.
The Al/(Al + Fe + Mn) ratio indicates that there is some detrital component in all the units sampled. This ratio plotted against Fe/Ti shows that all samples plot near the detrital and basalt end-members, except for the basal samples from Site 801, which show a clear trend toward the hydrothermal end-member. The results of these plots and the association of high Fe with high Mg and Al indicate the detrital component is dominantly volcaniclastic, but the presence of potassium in some samples suggests some terrigenous material may also be present, most likely in the form of eolian clay. On Al-Fe-Mn ternary plots, samples from all three sites show a trend from biogenic ooze at the top of the section downhole to oceanic basalt. On Si-Fe-Mn ternary plots, the samples from all three sites fall on a trend between equatorial mid-ocean spreading ridges and north Pacific red clay. Copper-barium ratios show units that have low accumulation rates plot in the authigenic field, and radiolarite and limestone samples that have high accumulation rates fall in the biogenic field.
Project(s):
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 17.862067 * Median Longitude: 154.024462 * South-bound Latitude: 12.096300 * West-bound Longitude: 152.322900 * North-bound Latitude: 21.923000 * East-bound Longitude: 156.359800
Date/Time Start: 1989-11-26T02:45:00 * Date/Time End: 1990-01-16T07:15:00
Event(s):
129-800A * Latitude: 21.923000 * Longitude: 152.322900 * Date/Time Start: 1989-11-26T02:45:00 * Date/Time End: 1989-12-05T20:27:00 * Elevation: -5697.0 m * Penetration: 544.4 m * Recovery: 150.73 m * Location: North Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Leg129 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 61 core; 544.4 m cored; 0 m drilled; 27.7 % recovery
129-801A * Latitude: 18.642800 * Longitude: 156.359500 * Date/Time Start: 1989-12-06T17:15:00 * Date/Time End: 1989-12-09T17:00:00 * Elevation: -5685.0 m * Penetration: 194 m * Recovery: 31.49 m * Location: North Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Leg129 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 20 cores; 186 m cored; 0 m drilled; 16.9 % recovery
129-801B * Latitude: 18.642000 * Longitude: 156.359700 * Date/Time Start: 1989-12-09T17:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1989-12-17T01:15:00 * Elevation: -5685.0 m * Penetration: 511.2 m * Recovery: 59.17 m * Location: North Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Leg129 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 44 cores; 317.2 m cored; 0 m drilled; 18.7 % recovery
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
17 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix A1) Major element concentration in ODP Hole 129-800A sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778491
  2. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Table 1) Sample description and accumulation rates of ODP Hole 129-800A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778477
  3. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix B1) Minor element concentration in ODP Hole 129-800A sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778494
  4. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix C1) Rare earth element concentration in ODP Hole 129-800A sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778498
  5. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Table 4) Silica contents in ODP Hole 129-800A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778484
  6. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix A2) Major element concentration in ODP Site 129-801 sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778492
  7. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Table 2) Sample description and accumulation rates of ODP Hole 129-801. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778479
  8. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix B2) Minor element concentration in ODP Site 129-801 sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778495
  9. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix C2) Rare earth element concentration in ODP Site 129-801 sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778499
  10. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Table 5) Silica contents in ODP Site 129-801. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778488
  11. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix A3) Major element concentration in ODP Hole 129-802A sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778493
  12. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Table 3) Sample description and accumulation rates of ODP Hole 129-802A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778481
  13. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix B3) Minor element concentration in ODP Hole 129-802A sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778496
  14. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix C3) Rare earth element concentration in ODP Hole 129-802A sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778500
  15. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Table 6) Silica contents in ODP Hole 129-802A. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778489
  16. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix D1) Major element concentration in ODP Leg 129 holes sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778502
  17. Karl, SM; Wandless, GA; Karpoff, AM (1992): (Appendix D2) Minor element concentration in ODP Leg 129 holes sediments. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.778504