Citation:

2011GL048501

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and biological processes of Amphisorus hemprichii, Amphisorus kudakajimensis and Calcarina gaudichaudii during experiments, 2011
Published: 2011-11-19
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Amphisorus hemprichii; Amphisorus kudakajimensis; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcarina gaudichaudii; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Foraminifera; Growth/Morphology; Heterotrophic prokaryotes; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Single species; Temperate

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Abstract:

Ocean acidification, which like global warming is an outcome of anthropogenic CO2emissions, severely impacts marine calcifying organisms, especially those living in coral reef ecosystems. However, knowledge about the responses of reef calcifiers to ocean acidification is quite limited, although coral responses are known to be generally negative. In a culture experiment with two algal symbiont-bearing, reef-dwelling foraminifers, Amphisorus kudakajimensis and Calcarina gaudichaudii, in seawater under five different pCO2 conditions, 245, 375, 588, 763 and 907 µatm, maintained with a precise pCO2-controlling technique, net calcification of A. kudakajimensis was reduced under higher pCO2, whereas calcification of C. gaudichaudii generally increased with increased pCO2. In another culture experiment conducted in seawater in which bicarbonate ion concentrations were varied under a constant carbonate ion concentration, calcification was not significantly different between treatments in Amphisorus hemprichii, a species closely related to A. kudakajimensis, or in C. gaudichaudii. From these results, we concluded that carbonate ion and CO2 were the carbonate species that most affected growth ofAmphisorus and Calcarina, respectively. The opposite responses of these two foraminifer genera probably reflect different sensitivities to these carbonate species, which may be due to their different symbiotic algae.

Keyword(s):

Amphisorus hemprichii; Amphisorus kudakajimensis; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcarina gaudichaudii; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Foraminifera; Growth/Morphology; Heterotrophic prokaryotes; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Single species; Temperate

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Identification	ID		Hikami, Mana
2	Species	Species		Hikami, Mana
3	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Hikami, Mana
4	Time, incubation	T incubation	day	Hikami, Mana
5	Salinity	Sal		Hikami, Mana
6	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Hikami, Mana
7	pH	pH		Hikami, Mana	pH meter (Metrohm, 826 pH mobile)	Total scale
8	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Hikami, Mana	Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950)
9	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Hikami, Mana	Calculated using CO2SYS
10	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Hikami, Mana	Calculated using CO2SYS
11	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Hikami, Mana	Calculated using CO2SYS
12	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Hikami, Mana	Calculated using CO2SYS
13	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Hikami, Mana	Calculated using CO2SYS
14	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Hikami, Mana	Calculated using CO2SYS
15	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Hikami, Mana	Calculated using CO2SYS
16	Amphisorus kudakajimensis, shell, weight, least square mean	A. kudakajimensis shell W	µg	Hikami, Mana	Thermo Cahn C-35 microbalance
17	Amphisorus kudakajimensis, shell, weight, least square, standard error	A. kudakajimensis shell W std e	±	Hikami, Mana
18	Calcarina gaudichaudii, shell, weight, least square mean	C. gaudichaudii shell W	µg	Hikami, Mana	Thermo Cahn C-35 microbalance
19	Calcarina gaudichaudii, shell, weight, least square, standard error	C. gaudichaudii shell W std e	±	Hikami, Mana
20	Amphisorus hemprichii, shell, weight, least square mean	A. hemprichii shell W	µg	Hikami, Mana	Thermo Cahn C-35 microbalance
21	Amphisorus hemprichii, shell, weight, least square, standard error	A. hemprichii shell W std e	±	Hikami, Mana
22	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
23	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

520 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 ID	2 Species	3 Exp treat	4 T incubation [day]	5 Sal	6 Temp [°C]	7 pH (Total scale, pH meter (Metroh...)	8 AT [µmol/kg] (Alkalinity, Gran titration (G...)	9 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	10 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	11 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	12 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	13 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	14 Omega Cal (Calculated using CO2SYS)	15 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2SYS)	16 A. kudakajimensis shell W [µg] (Thermo Cahn C-35 microbalance)	17 A. kudakajimensis shell W std e [±]	18 C. gaudichaudii shell W [µg] (Thermo Cahn C-35 microbalance)	19 C. gaudichaudii shell W std e [±]	20 A. hemprichii shell W [µg] (Thermo Cahn C-35 microbalance)	21 A. hemprichii shell W std e [±]	22 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	23 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	24 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	25 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	26 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	27 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	28 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	29 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	30 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Ocean acidification experiment	Amphisorus kudakajimensis	Pre-industrial	28	34.1	27.2	8.232	2224	1821	245	1536	278	7	6.8	4.5	41.8	1.0					8	6.01	223.04	222.35	1500.87	292.57	1799.45	4.72	7.12
Ocean acidification experiment	Amphisorus kudakajimensis	Control	28	34.1	27.1	8.085	2224	1914	375	1686	218	10	5.3	3.5	41.1	1.0					8	9.14	338.51	337.47	1651.16	232.33	1892.62	3.74	5.65
Ocean acidification experiment	Amphisorus kudakajimensis	High pCO2-1	28	34.1	27.1	7.924	2224	2002	588	1823	163	16	4.0	2.6	38.5	1.0					8	14.75	546.50	544.82	1802.19	171.44	1988.38	2.76	4.17
Ocean acidification experiment	Amphisorus kudakajimensis	High pCO2-2	28	34.1	27.1	7.826	2224	2047	763	1891	135	21	3.3	2.2	37.1	1.0					8	18.82	697.18	695.04	1868.78	144.50	2032.10	2.33	3.52
Ocean acidification experiment	Amphisorus kudakajimensis	High pCO2-3	28	34.1	27.2	7.761	2224	2075	907	1932	119	24	2.9	1.9	35.2	1.0					8	22.60	839.19	836.62	1913.49	126.39	2062.49	2.04	3.08
Ocean acidification experiment	Calcarina gaudichaudii	Pre-industrial	28	34.1	27.2	8.232	2224	1821	245	1536	278	7	6.8	4.5			21.8	0.7			8	6.01	223.04	222.35	1500.87	292.57	1799.45	4.72	7.12
Ocean acidification experiment	Calcarina gaudichaudii	Control	28	34.1	27.1	8.085	2224	1914	375	1686	218	10	5.3	3.5			21.0	0.8			8	9.14	338.51	337.47	1651.16	232.33	1892.62	3.74	5.65
Ocean acidification experiment	Calcarina gaudichaudii	High pCO2-1	28	34.1	27.1	7.924	2224	2002	588	1823	163	16	4.0	2.6			22.8	0.7			8	14.75	546.50	544.82	1802.19	171.44	1988.38	2.76	4.17
Ocean acidification experiment	Calcarina gaudichaudii	High pCO2-2	28	34.1	27.1	7.826	2224	2047	763	1891	135	21	3.3	2.2			24.3	0.8			8	18.82	697.18	695.04	1868.78	144.50	2032.10	2.33	3.52
Ocean acidification experiment	Calcarina gaudichaudii	High pCO2-3	28	34.1	27.2	7.761	2224	2075	907	1932	119	24	2.9	1.9			25.9	0.8			8	22.60	839.19	836.62	1913.49	126.39	2062.49	2.04	3.08
Constant carbonate Experiment	Amphisorus hemprichii	Pre-industrial	28	34.5	27.0	8.054	2165	1855	354	1630	216	10	5.2	3.5					71.6	3.0	8	9.94	367.93	366.80	1639.81	211.63	1861.37	3.40	5.13
Constant carbonate Experiment	Amphisorus hemprichii	Control	28	34.5	27.0	8.030	2271	1965	398	1737	218	11	5.3	3.5					56.9	2.7	8	11.06	409.52	408.27	1743.06	214.83	1968.95	3.45	5.21
Constant carbonate Experiment	Amphisorus hemprichii	High HCO3-1	28	34.5	27.0	8.005	2371	2071	448	1841	217	12	5.3	3.5					55.0	2.5	8	12.24	453.30	451.90	1842.54	216.87	2071.65	3.48	5.26
Constant carbonate Experiment	Amphisorus hemprichii	High HCO3-2	28	34.5	27.0	7.987	2447	2151	486	1920	218	13	5.3	3.5					60.6	3.0	8	13.38	495.48	493.96	1923.35	216.19	2152.92	3.47	5.24
Constant carbonate Experiment	Amphisorus hemprichii	High HCO3-3	28	34.5	27.0	7.976	2491	2197	511	1966	217	14	5.3	3.5					64.9	3.0	8	14.02	519.02	517.43	1968.88	216.27	2199.17	3.48	5.24
Constant carbonate Experiment	Calcarina gaudichaudii	Pre-industrial	35	34.5	27.0	8.054	2165	1855	354	1630	216	10	5.2	3.5			37.7	1.9			8	9.94	367.93	366.80	1639.81	211.63	1861.37	3.40	5.13
Constant carbonate Experiment	Calcarina gaudichaudii	Control	35	34.5	27.0	8.030	2271	1965	398	1737	218	11	5.3	3.5			35.6	1.8			8	11.06	409.52	408.27	1743.06	214.83	1968.95	3.45	5.21
Constant carbonate Experiment	Calcarina gaudichaudii	High HCO3-1	35	34.5	27.0	8.005	2371	2071	448	1841	217	12	5.3	3.5			31.3	1.7			8	12.24	453.30	451.90	1842.54	216.87	2071.65	3.48	5.26
Constant carbonate Experiment	Calcarina gaudichaudii	High HCO3-2	35	34.5	27.0	7.987	2447	2151	486	1920	218	13	5.3	3.5			34.9	1.3			8	13.38	495.48	493.96	1923.35	216.19	2152.92	3.47	5.24
Constant carbonate Experiment	Calcarina gaudichaudii	High HCO3-3	35	34.5	27.0	7.976	2491	2197	511	1966	217	14	5.3	3.5			36.6	1.6			8	14.02	519.02	517.43	1968.88	216.27	2199.17	3.48	5.24