Citation:

pnas.0913804107

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and biological processes of bivalve shellfish Mercenaria mercenaria and Argopecten irradians during experiments, 2011
Published: 2010
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Argopecten irradians; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Development; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mercenaria mercenaria; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; Pelagos; Single species; Tropical; Zooplankton

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Abstract:

The combustion of fossil fuels has enriched levels of CO2 in the world's oceans and decreased ocean pH. Although the continuation of these processes may alter the growth, survival, and diversity of marine organisms that synthesize CaCO3shells, the effects of ocean acidification since the dawn of the industrial revolution are not clear. Here we present experiments that examined the effects of the ocean's past, present, and future (21st and 22nd centuries) CO2concentrations on the growth, survival, and condition of larvae of two species of commercially and ecologically valuable bivalve shellfish (Mercenaria mercenariaand Argopecten irradians). Larvae grown under near preindustrial CO2concentrations (250 ppm) displayed significantly faster growth and metamorphosis as well as higher survival and lipid accumulation rates compared with individuals reared under modern day CO2 levels. Bivalves grown under near preindustrial CO2 levels displayed thicker, more robust shells than individuals grown at present CO2 concentrations, whereas bivalves exposed to CO2 levels expected later this century had shells that were malformed and eroded. These results suggest that the ocean acidification that has occurred during the past two centuries may be inhibiting the development and survival of larval shellfish and contributing to global declines of some bivalve populations.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Argopecten irradians; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Development; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mercenaria mercenaria; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; Pelagos; Single species; Tropical; Zooplankton

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Gobler, Christopher J
2	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Gobler, Christopher J
3	Salinity	Sal		Gobler, Christopher J
4	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Gobler, Christopher J
6	Temperature, standard deviation	T std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
7	pH	pH		Gobler, Christopher J	EGM-4 Environmental Gas Analyzer (PP Systems)	Total scale
8	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
9	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Gobler, Christopher J	EGM-4 Environmental Gas Analyzer (PP Systems)
10	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
11	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Gobler, Christopher J	Calculated using CO2SYS
12	Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
13	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Gobler, Christopher J	Calculated using CO2SYS
14	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
15	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Gobler, Christopher J	Calculated using CO2SYS
16	Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Arg std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
17	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Gobler, Christopher J	Calculated using CO2SYS
18	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
19	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Gobler, Christopher J	Calculated using CO2SYS
20	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
21	Experiment day	Exp day	day	Gobler, Christopher J
22	Mercenaria mercenaria, shell size	M. mercenaria L	µm	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
23	Mercenaria mercenaria, shell size, standard deviation	M. mercenaria size std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
24	Mercenaria mercenaria, thickness	M. mercenaria thick	µm	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
25	Mercenaria mercenaria, thickness, standard deviation	M. mercenaria thick std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
26	Mercenaria mercenaria, lipid index	M. mercenaria lipid index	µm	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
27	Mercenaria mercenaria, lipid index, standard deviation	M. mercenaria lipid index std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
28	Mercenaria mercenaria, veliger	M. mercenaria veliger	%	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
29	Mercenaria mercenaria, pediveliger	M. mercenaria pediveliger	%	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
30	Mercenaria mercenaria, metamorphosed	M. mercenaria metamorphosed	%	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
31	Mercenaria mercenaria	M. mercenaria	%	Gobler, Christopher J		Total
32	Mercenaria mercenaria	M. mercenaria	%	Gobler, Christopher J		New total
33	Argopecten irradians, diameter	A. irradians diam	µm	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
34	Argopecten irradians, diameter, standard deviation	A. irradians diam std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
35	Argopecten irradians, thickness	A. irradians thick	µm	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
36	Argopecten irradians, thickness, standard deviation	A. irradians thick std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
37	Argopecten irradians, lipid index	A. irradians lipid index	µm	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
38	Argopecten irradians, lipid index, standard deviation	A. irradians lipid index std dev	±	Gobler, Christopher J
39	Argopecten irradians, veliger	A. irradians veliger	%	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
40	Argopecten irradians, pediveliger	A. irradians pediveliger	%	Gobler, Christopher J
41	Argopecten irradians, metamorphosed	A. irradians metamorphosed	%	Gobler, Christopher J	see reference(s)
42	Argopecten irradians	A. irradians	%	Gobler, Christopher J		Total
43	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
44	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
45	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
46	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
47	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
48	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
49	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
50	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
51	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

2628 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Species	2 Exp treat	3 Sal	4 Sal std dev [±]	5 Temp [°C]	6 T std dev [±]	7 pH (Total scale, EGM-4 Environmen...)	8 pH std dev [±]	9 DIC [µmol/kg] (EGM-4 Environmental Gas Analy...)	10 DIC std dev [±]	11 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	12 pCO2 std dev [±]	13 Omega Cal (Calculated using CO2SYS)	14 Omega Cal std dev [±]	15 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2SYS)	16 Omega Arg std dev [±]	17 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	18 [CO3]2- std dev [±]	19 AT [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	20 AT std dev [±]	21 Exp day [day]	22 M. mercenaria L [µm] (see reference(s))	23 M. mercenaria size std dev [±]	24 M. mercenaria thick [µm] (see reference(s))	25 M. mercenaria thick std dev [±]	26 M. mercenaria lipid index [µm] (see reference(s))	27 M. mercenaria lipid index std dev [±]	28 M. mercenaria veliger [%] (see reference(s))	29 M. mercenaria pediveliger [%] (see reference(s))	30 M. mercenaria metamorphosed [%] (see reference(s))	31 M. mercenaria [%] (Total)	32 M. mercenaria [%] (New total)	33 A. irradians diam [µm] (see reference(s))	34 A. irradians diam std dev [±]	35 A. irradians thick [µm] (see reference(s))	36 A. irradians thick std dev [±]	37 A. irradians lipid index [µm] (see reference(s))	38 A. irradians lipid index std dev [±]	39 A. irradians veliger [%] (see reference(s))	40 A. irradians pediveliger [%]	41 A. irradians metamorphosed [%] (see reference(s))	42 A. irradians [%] (Total)	43 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	44 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	45 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	46 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	47 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	48 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	49 AT [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	50 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	51 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	24	522.54	38.01			0.58	0.04																9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	24	281.68	4.71			0.46	0.07																9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	24	260.33	6.74			0.38	0.05																9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	24	210.16	9.11			0.36	0.23																9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Argopecten irradians	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.51	8.170	0.026	1613	53.54	244.1	4.01	5.18	0.06	3.34	0.35	202	23.420	1899	35.24	20												530.49	50.62			0.34	0.08					9	7.39	245.25	244.46	1421.30	184.32	1879.42	3.01	4.67
Argopecten irradians	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.041	0.044	1850	30.98	386.5	40.04	4.55	0.47	2.94	0.30	180	18.440	2090	50.01	20												449.38	35.00			0.34	0.08					9	11.76	390.35	389.11	1677.02	161.22	2069.97	2.63	4.09
Argopecten irradians	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.005	1941	25.54	738.9	9.94	2.81	0.06	1.81	0.04	111	2.341	2075	26.84	20												371.11	40.37			0.21	0.07					9	22.15	735.48	733.14	1818.26	100.59	2063.40	1.64	2.55
Argopecten irradians	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.530	0.011	2101	9.22	1529.0	35.05	1.66	0.05	1.07	0.03	66	1.911	2146	11.21	20												311.12	26.38			0.16	0.06					9	45.29	1503.71	1498.92	1996.40	59.31	2139.94	0.97	1.50
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	36			17.22	2.14																		9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	36			6.73	1.69																		9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	36			3.78	1.27																		9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	36			3.78	1.62																		9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Argopecten irradians	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.51	8.170	0.026	1613	53.54	244.1	4.01	5.18	0.06	3.34	0.35	202	23.420	1899	35.24	52														19.99	3.38							9	7.39	245.25	244.46	1421.30	184.32	1879.42	3.01	4.67
Argopecten irradians	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.041	0.044	1850	30.98	386.5	40.04	4.55	0.47	2.94	0.30	180	18.440	2090	50.01	52														11.62	2.23							9	11.76	390.35	389.11	1677.02	161.22	2069.97	2.63	4.09
Argopecten irradians	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.005	1941	25.54	738.9	9.94	2.81	0.06	1.81	0.04	111	2.341	2075	26.84	52														10.86	1.75							9	22.15	735.48	733.14	1818.26	100.59	2063.40	1.64	2.55
Argopecten irradians	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.530	0.011	2101	9.22	1529.0	35.05	1.66	0.05	1.07	0.03	66	1.911	2146	11.21	52														6.29	1.08							9	45.29	1503.71	1498.92	1996.40	59.31	2139.94	0.97	1.50
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	3							100.00															9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	3							100.00															9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	3							100.00															9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	3							100.00															9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	7							91.65															9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	7							77.52															9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	7							76.67															9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	7							73.71															9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	10							5.42	46.54	13.41	65.36												9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	10							19.17	33.65	0.72	53.55												9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	10							25.98	26.40	0.66	53.04												9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	10							33.14	14.22	0.79	48.16												9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	14							0.09	10.57	51.42	62.08												9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	14							0.00	40.20	5.47	45.67												9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	14							7.96	22.72	6.63	37.31												9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	14							9.86	12.92	4.25	27.03												9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	17							0.00	4.43	49.53	53.95												9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	17							0.12	18.99	18.57	37.68												9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	17							0.60	13.74	15.55	29.90												9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	17							0.00	9.07	15.01	24.08												9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	21							0.00	0.85	48.78	49.62	265.50											9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	21							0.00	6.19	27.88	34.06	360.00											9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	21							0.00	6.02	16.05	22.07	398.75											9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	21							0.00	7.88	12.58	20.46	385.25											9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	24							0.00	0.00	45.20	45.20	245.50											9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	24							0.00	4.03	22.57	26.60	340.00											9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	24							0.00	4.14	17.87	22.01	378.75											9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	24							0.00	4.35	7.72	12.07	365.25											9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	30							0.00	0.00	38.19	38.19												9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	30							0.00	1.25	19.78	21.03												9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	30							0.00	0.92	16.50	17.43												9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	30							0.00	1.16	6.16	7.32												9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Mercenaria mercenaria	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.52	8.171	0.022	1646	94.21	247.1	6.23	5.31	0.47	3.42	0.30	208	20.220	1938	117.30	36							0.00	0.00	36.15	36.15												9	7.54	250.26	249.47	1450.37	188.09	1916.04	3.07	4.77
Mercenaria mercenaria	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.052	0.036	1831	52.34	380.0	33.02	4.53	0.41	2.92	0.26	178	16.030	2070	66.42	36							0.00	0.00	19.85	19.85												9	11.35	376.84	375.64	1656.68	162.98	2054.47	2.66	4.13
Mercenaria mercenaria	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.004	1947	21.33	742.3	9.11	2.82	0.05	1.82	0.03	111	1.806	2080	22.63	36							0.00	0.00	15.51	15.51												9	22.22	737.76	735.41	1823.88	100.90	2069.65	1.65	2.56
Mercenaria mercenaria	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.532	0.021	2108	18.06	1516.0	31.21	1.67	0.05	1.08	0.03	66	1.904	2127	49.71	36							0.00	0.55	5.00	5.54												9	45.44	1508.72	1503.91	2003.05	59.51	2146.99	0.97	1.51
Argopecten irradians	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.51	8.170	0.026	1613	53.54	244.1	4.01	5.18	0.06	3.34	0.35	202	23.420	1899	35.24	3																		100.00				9	7.39	245.25	244.46	1421.30	184.32	1879.42	3.01	4.67
Argopecten irradians	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.041	0.044	1850	30.98	386.5	40.04	4.55	0.47	2.94	0.30	180	18.440	2090	50.01	3																		100.00				9	11.76	390.35	389.11	1677.02	161.22	2069.97	2.63	4.09
Argopecten irradians	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.005	1941	25.54	738.9	9.94	2.81	0.06	1.81	0.04	111	2.341	2075	26.84	3																		100.00				9	22.15	735.48	733.14	1818.26	100.59	2063.40	1.64	2.55
Argopecten irradians	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.530	0.011	2101	9.22	1529.0	35.05	1.66	0.05	1.07	0.03	66	1.911	2146	11.21	3																		100.00				9	45.29	1503.71	1498.92	1996.40	59.31	2139.94	0.97	1.50
Argopecten irradians	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.51	8.170	0.026	1613	53.54	244.1	4.01	5.18	0.06	3.34	0.35	202	23.420	1899	35.24	5																		100.00				9	7.39	245.25	244.46	1421.30	184.32	1879.42	3.01	4.67
Argopecten irradians	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.041	0.044	1850	30.98	386.5	40.04	4.55	0.47	2.94	0.30	180	18.440	2090	50.01	5																		97.19				9	11.76	390.35	389.11	1677.02	161.22	2069.97	2.63	4.09
Argopecten irradians	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.005	1941	25.54	738.9	9.94	2.81	0.06	1.81	0.04	111	2.341	2075	26.84	5																		94.11				9	22.15	735.48	733.14	1818.26	100.59	2063.40	1.64	2.55
Argopecten irradians	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.530	0.011	2101	9.22	1529.0	35.05	1.66	0.05	1.07	0.03	66	1.911	2146	11.21	5																		93.27				9	45.29	1503.71	1498.92	1996.40	59.31	2139.94	0.97	1.50
Argopecten irradians	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.51	8.170	0.026	1613	53.54	244.1	4.01	5.18	0.06	3.34	0.35	202	23.420	1899	35.24	8																		100.00				9	7.39	245.25	244.46	1421.30	184.32	1879.42	3.01	4.67
Argopecten irradians	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.041	0.044	1850	30.98	386.5	40.04	4.55	0.47	2.94	0.30	180	18.440	2090	50.01	8																		94.32				9	11.76	390.35	389.11	1677.02	161.22	2069.97	2.63	4.09
Argopecten irradians	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.005	1941	25.54	738.9	9.94	2.81	0.06	1.81	0.04	111	2.341	2075	26.84	8																		89.75				9	22.15	735.48	733.14	1818.26	100.59	2063.40	1.64	2.55
Argopecten irradians	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.530	0.011	2101	9.22	1529.0	35.05	1.66	0.05	1.07	0.03	66	1.911	2146	11.21	8																		88.11				9	45.29	1503.71	1498.92	1996.40	59.31	2139.94	0.97	1.50
Argopecten irradians	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.51	8.170	0.026	1613	53.54	244.1	4.01	5.18	0.06	3.34	0.35	202	23.420	1899	35.24	12																		3.14	6.04	87.39	96.56	9	7.39	245.25	244.46	1421.30	184.32	1879.42	3.01	4.67
Argopecten irradians	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.041	0.044	1850	30.98	386.5	40.04	4.55	0.47	2.94	0.30	180	18.440	2090	50.01	12																		5.42	6.06	68.22	79.71	9	11.76	390.35	389.11	1677.02	161.22	2069.97	2.63	4.09
Argopecten irradians	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.005	1941	25.54	738.9	9.94	2.81	0.06	1.81	0.04	111	2.341	2075	26.84	12																		14.50	12.26	35.44	62.20	9	22.15	735.48	733.14	1818.26	100.59	2063.40	1.64	2.55
Argopecten irradians	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.530	0.011	2101	9.22	1529.0	35.05	1.66	0.05	1.07	0.03	66	1.911	2146	11.21	12																		13.77	14.49	27.65	55.91	9	45.29	1503.71	1498.92	1996.40	59.31	2139.94	0.97	1.50
Argopecten irradians	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.51	8.170	0.026	1613	53.54	244.1	4.01	5.18	0.06	3.34	0.35	202	23.420	1899	35.24	19																		0.00	0.18	86.54	86.72	9	7.39	245.25	244.46	1421.30	184.32	1879.42	3.01	4.67
Argopecten irradians	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.041	0.044	1850	30.98	386.5	40.04	4.55	0.47	2.94	0.30	180	18.440	2090	50.01	19																		0.00	0.77	64.20	64.96	9	11.76	390.35	389.11	1677.02	161.22	2069.97	2.63	4.09
Argopecten irradians	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.005	1941	25.54	738.9	9.94	2.81	0.06	1.81	0.04	111	2.341	2075	26.84	19																		0.00	0.00	30.83	30.83	9	22.15	735.48	733.14	1818.26	100.59	2063.40	1.64	2.55
Argopecten irradians	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.530	0.011	2101	9.22	1529.0	35.05	1.66	0.05	1.07	0.03	66	1.911	2146	11.21	19																		0.00	0.00	37.66	37.66	9	45.29	1503.71	1498.92	1996.40	59.31	2139.94	0.97	1.50
Argopecten irradians	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.51	8.170	0.026	1613	53.54	244.1	4.01	5.18	0.06	3.34	0.35	202	23.420	1899	35.24	25																				77.94		9	7.39	245.25	244.46	1421.30	184.32	1879.42	3.01	4.67
Argopecten irradians	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.041	0.044	1850	30.98	386.5	40.04	4.55	0.47	2.94	0.30	180	18.440	2090	50.01	25																				46.35		9	11.76	390.35	389.11	1677.02	161.22	2069.97	2.63	4.09
Argopecten irradians	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.005	1941	25.54	738.9	9.94	2.81	0.06	1.81	0.04	111	2.341	2075	26.84	25																				22.95		9	22.15	735.48	733.14	1818.26	100.59	2063.40	1.64	2.55
Argopecten irradians	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.530	0.011	2101	9.22	1529.0	35.05	1.66	0.05	1.07	0.03	66	1.911	2146	11.21	25																				8.76		9	45.29	1503.71	1498.92	1996.40	59.31	2139.94	0.97	1.50
Argopecten irradians	Pre-Industrial	28	1	24	0.51	8.170	0.026	1613	53.54	244.1	4.01	5.18	0.06	3.34	0.35	202	23.420	1899	35.24	38																				73.55		9	7.39	245.25	244.46	1421.30	184.32	1879.42	3.01	4.67
Argopecten irradians	Ambient	28	1	24	0.52	8.041	0.044	1850	30.98	386.5	40.04	4.55	0.47	2.94	0.30	180	18.440	2090	50.01	38																				43.40		9	11.76	390.35	389.11	1677.02	161.22	2069.97	2.63	4.09
Argopecten irradians	Mid CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.801	0.005	1941	25.54	738.9	9.94	2.81	0.06	1.81	0.04	111	2.341	2075	26.84	38																				18.67		9	22.15	735.48	733.14	1818.26	100.59	2063.40	1.64	2.55
Argopecten irradians	High CO2	28	1	24	0.52	7.530	0.011	2101	9.22	1529.0	35.05	1.66	0.05	1.07	0.03	66	1.911	2146	11.21	38																				5.41		9	45.29	1503.71	1498.92	1996.40	59.31	2139.94	0.97	1.50