Krijgsman Wout 0000-0002-1472-1074 Hilgen Frederik J Raffi Isabella 0000-0002-5192-7477 Sierro Francisco Javier sierro@usal.es 0000-0002-8647-456X Wilson Douglas S wilson@rapa.geol.ucsb.edu 1999 (Table 1) Age control for magnetic reversals in ODP Hole 138-853B dataset https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770435 Krijgsman Wout 0000-0002-1472-1074 Hilgen Frederik J Raffi Isabella 0000-0002-5192-7477 Sierro Francisco Javier sierro@usal.es 0000-0002-8647-456X Wilson Douglas S wilson@rapa.geol.ucsb.edu 1999 Chronology, causes and progression of the Messinian salinity crisis Nature 400(6745) https://doi.org/10.1038/23231 652-655 The Messinian salinity crisis is widely regarded as one of the most dramatic episodes of oceanic change of the past 20 or so million years (Hsü et al., 1973, doi:10.1038/242240a0; Ryan et al., 1973, doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.13.1973; Hilgen et al., 1995, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(95)00207-S). Earliest explanations were that extremely thick evaporites were deposited in a deep and desiccated Mediterranean basin that had been repeatedly isolated from the Atlantic Ocean (Ryan et al., 1973, doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.13.1973; Hilgen et al., 1995, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(95)00207-S), but elucidation of the causes of the isolation - whether driven largely by glacio-eustatic or tectonic processes - have been hampered by the absence of an accurate time frame. Here we present an astronomically calibrated chronology for the Mediterranean Messinian age based on an integrated high-resolution stratigraphy and 'tuning' of sedimentary cycle patterns to variations in the Earth's orbital parameters. We show that the onset of the Messinian salinity crisis is synchronous over the entire Mediterranean basin, dated at 5.96 +/- 0.02 million years ago. Isolation from the Atlantic Ocean was established between 5.59 and 5.33 million years ago, causing a large fall in Mediterranean water level followed by erosion (5.59-5.50 million years ago) and deposition (5.50–5.33 million years ago) of non-marine sediments in a large 'Lago Mare' (Lake Sea) basin. Cyclic evaporite deposition is almost entirely related to circum-Mediterranean climate changes driven by changes in the Earth's precession, and not to obliquity-induced glacio-eustatic sea-level changes. We argue in favour of a dominantly tectonic origin for the Messinian salinity crisis, although its exact timing may well have been controlled by the ~400-kyr component of the Earth's eccentricity cycle. -109.7514 -109.7514 7.21101 7.21101 -109.7514 7.21101 1991-06-25T11:35:00 1991-06-25T21:25:00 32.67 48.25 ODP Ocean Drilling Program https://www-odp.tamu.edu:443/ Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University ODP http://www-odp.tamu.edu/ https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 138-853B 7.21101 -109.7514 North Pacific Ocean -3715.5 1991-06-25T11:35:00 1991-06-25T21:25:00 Leg138 Leg138 1991-05-06T00:00:00 1991-05-06 1991-07-05T00:00:00 1991-07-05 Joides Resolution https://www-odp.tamu.edu:443/resolutn.html Mayer, Larry A Mayer, Larry A Pisias, Nicklas G Pisias, Nicklas G doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.138.1992 Joides Resolution https://www-odp.tamu.edu:443/resolutn.html Drilling/drill rig DRILL 72.4 m 77.68 m 9 cores; 72.4 m cored; 0 m drilled; 107.3 % recovery 18 CC-BY-3.0 Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Ageprofile Datum Description Ageprof dat des Krijgsman Wout 0000-0002-1472-1074 Ageprof dat des Age model Age model ka Time T http://dbpedia.org/resource/Time Krijgsman Wout 0000-0002-1472-1074 derived of ODP Site 154-926 Age model [ka] DEPTH, sediment/rock Depth sed m depth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001595 sediment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002007 rock Length L http://dbpedia.org/resource/Length mbsf Depth sed [m] Chronozone Chronozone Krijgsman Wout 0000-0002-1472-1074 Chronozone Depth, composite Depth comp mcd depth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001595 Luminous Intensity J http://dbpedia.org/resource/Luminous_intensity Krijgsman Wout 0000-0002-1472-1074 Depth comp [mcd] Age model, optional Age model opt ka Time T http://dbpedia.org/resource/Time Krijgsman Wout 0000-0002-1472-1074 interpolated age Age model opt [ka] supplement citable author23777 author25009 author26087 author26088 author570 basis5 campaign110 campaign3383403 event31278 geocode1 geocode1599 geocode1600 geocode1601 geocode8128 inst34 journal11658 license101 method10974 param15372 param16111 param2 param6 param6666 pi26087 project3 ref23820 term1073131 term23838 term38263 term41056 term43863 term43884 term43975