Citation:

j.marpolbul.2010.09.012

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry, fertilization rate and biological processes of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus during experiments, 2011
Published: 2011-08-16
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Development; Echinodermata; Laboratory experiment; Paracentrotus lividus; Reproduction; Single species; Temperate

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Abstract:

The effect of pH ranging from 8.0 to 6.8 (total scale - pHT) on fertilization, cleavage and larval development until pluteus stage was assessed in an intertidal temperate sea urchin. Gametes were obtained from adults collected in two contrasting tide pools, one showing a significant nocturnal pH decrease (lowest pHT = 7.4) and another where pH was more stable (lowest pHT = 7.8). The highest pHT at which significant effects on fertilization and cleavage were recorded was 7.6. On the contrary, larval development was only affected below pHT 7.4, a value equal or lower than that reported for several subtidal species. This suggests that sea urchins inhabiting stressful intertidal environments produce offspring that may better resist future ocean acidification. Moreover, at pHT 7.4, the fertilization rate of gametes whose progenitors came from the tide pool with higher pH decrease was significantly higher, indicating a possible acclimatization or adaptation of gametes to pH stress.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Development; Echinodermata; Laboratory experiment; Paracentrotus lividus; Reproduction; Single species; Temperate

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Site	Site		Moulin, Laure
2	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Moulin, Laure
3	Identification	ID		Moulin, Laure
4	Paracentrotus lividus, rod size	P. lividus rod size	mm	Moulin, Laure	Microscopy
5	Paracentrotus lividus, larvae, pluteus	P. lividus larv pluteus	%	Moulin, Laure	see reference(s)
6	Paracentrotus lividus, cleavage rate	P. lividus cleavage rate	%	Moulin, Laure	see reference(s)
7	Fertilization success rate	Fert success	%	Moulin, Laure	see reference(s)	10 min
8	Fertilization success rate	Fert success	%	Moulin, Laure	see reference(s)	20 min
9	Fertilization success rate	Fert success	%	Moulin, Laure	see reference(s)	30 min
10	Fertilization success rate	Fert success	%	Moulin, Laure	see reference(s)	60 min
11	Fertilization success rate	Fert success	%	Moulin, Laure	see reference(s)	90 miin
12	Fertilization success rate	Fert success	%	Moulin, Laure	see reference(s)	120 min
13	Salinity	Sal		Moulin, Laure	Conductivity meter (WTW, Weilheim, Gemany)
14	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Moulin, Laure
15	pH	pH		Moulin, Laure	Metrohm Titrando titrator	Total scale
16	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Moulin, Laure	Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950)
17	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Moulin, Laure	Calculated using CO2SYS
18	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Moulin, Laure	Calculated using CO2SYS
19	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Moulin, Laure	Calculated using CO2SYS
20	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Moulin, Laure	Calculated using CO2SYS
21	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
22	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
23	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
24	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
25	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
26	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
27	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1080 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Site	2 Exp treat	3 ID	4 P. lividus rod size [mm] (Microscopy)	5 P. lividus larv pluteus [%] (see reference(s))	6 P. lividus cleavage rate [%] (see reference(s))	7 Fert success [%] (10 min, see reference(s))	8 Fert success [%] (20 min, see reference(s))	9 Fert success [%] (30 min, see reference(s))	10 Fert success [%] (60 min, see reference(s))	11 Fert success [%] (90 miin, see reference(s))	12 Fert success [%] (120 min, see reference(s))	13 Sal (Conductivity meter (WTW, Weil...)	14 Temp [°C]	15 pH (Total scale, Metrohm Titrando...)	16 AT [µmol/kg] (Alkalinity, Gran titration (G...)	17 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	18 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	19 Omega Cal (Calculated using CO2SYS)	20 Omega Arg (Calculated using CO2SYS)	21 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	22 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	23 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	24 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	25 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	26 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	27 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	28 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	29 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Tide pool 1	pH=6.8	A			1.5	0.5	0.5	1.5	1.5	3.5	1.5	31.2	14	6.80	2208.37	2513.99	8108.88	0.22	0.14	8	322.36	8199.83	8170.23	2186.45	8.94	2517.75	0.14	0.22
Tide pool 1	pH=6.8	B			1.0	0.5	0.5	1.0	1.0	2.5	1.0	31.2	14	6.80	2208.37	2513.99	8108.88	0.22	0.14	8	322.36	8199.83	8170.23	2186.45	8.94	2517.75	0.14	0.22
Tide pool 1	pH=6.8	C			1.5	2.0	1.0	2.0	0.0	0.5	1.5	31.2	14	6.80	2208.37	2513.99	8108.88	0.22	0.14	8	322.36	8199.83	8170.23	2186.45	8.94	2517.75	0.14	0.22
Tide pool 1	pH=7	A	0.279	76								31.3	14	7.09	2212.26	2350.83	4174.59	0.42	0.27	8	163.94	4172.37	4157.31	2169.49	17.35	2350.78	0.27	0.42
Tide pool 1	pH=7	B	0.294	72								31.3	14	7.09	2212.26	2350.83	4174.59	0.42	0.27	8	163.94	4172.37	4157.31	2169.49	17.35	2350.78	0.27	0.42
Tide pool 1	pH=7	C	0.281	84								31.3	14	7.09	2212.26	2350.83	4174.59	0.42	0.27	8	163.94	4172.37	4157.31	2169.49	17.35	2350.78	0.27	0.42
Tide pool 1	pH=7.2	A	0.359	98								31.3	14	7.25	2224.97	2298.55	2826.39	0.62	0.40	8	111.13	2828.44	2818.23	2162.10	25.50	2298.73	0.40	0.62
Tide pool 1	pH=7.2	B	0.365	96								31.3	14	7.25	2224.97	2298.55	2826.39	0.62	0.40	8	111.13	2828.44	2818.23	2162.10	25.50	2298.73	0.40	0.62
Tide pool 1	pH=7.2	C	0.347	90								31.3	14	7.25	2224.97	2298.55	2826.39	0.62	0.40	8	111.13	2828.44	2818.23	2162.10	25.50	2298.73	0.40	0.62
Tide pool 1	pH=7.4	A	0.391	91	61.5	58.0	58.5	58.0	72.5	69.0	69.5	32.3	14	7.47	2247.74	2252.60	1716.17	1.03	0.65	8	67.03	1715.65	1709.46	2143.39	42.23	2252.65	0.65	1.02
Tide pool 1	pH=7.4	B	0.371	98	54.5	65.5	71.0	53.5	63.5	72.5	59.5	32.3	14	7.47	2247.74	2252.60	1716.17	1.03	0.65	8	67.03	1715.65	1709.46	2143.39	42.23	2252.65	0.65	1.02
Tide pool 1	pH=7.4	C	0.379	86	60.5	60.5	72.0	77.5	73.5	82.0	70.0	32.3	14	7.47	2247.74	2252.60	1716.17	1.03	0.65	8	67.03	1715.65	1709.46	2143.39	42.23	2252.65	0.65	1.02
Tide pool 1	pH=7.6	A	0.398	99	84.0	90.5	77.5	91.5	91.5	95.0	95.5	32.4	14	7.63	2255.86	2211.10	1150.77	1.48	0.94	8	44.69	1144.46	1140.33	2104.60	61.23	2210.53	0.95	1.48
Tide pool 1	pH=7.6	B	0.392	98	79.5	93.0	78.0	95.0	87.5	92.0	90.5	32.4	14	7.63	2255.86	2211.10	1150.77	1.48	0.94	8	44.69	1144.46	1140.33	2104.60	61.23	2210.53	0.95	1.48
Tide pool 1	pH=7.6	C	0.407	100	84.0	89.0	82.5	93.5	90.5	93.5	89.0	32.4	14	7.63	2255.86	2211.10	1150.77	1.48	0.94	8	44.69	1144.46	1140.33	2104.60	61.23	2210.53	0.95	1.48
Tide pool 1	pH=7.8	A	0.420	98								31.2	14	7.80	2222.27	2130.66	759.84	2.03	1.29	8	30.01	763.24	760.49	2019.10	82.42	2131.52	1.28	2.01
Tide pool 1	pH=7.8	B	0.388	96								31.2	14	7.80	2222.27	2130.66	759.84	2.03	1.29	8	30.01	763.24	760.49	2019.10	82.42	2131.52	1.28	2.01
Tide pool 1	pH=7.8	C	0.429	98								31.2	14	7.80	2222.27	2130.66	759.84	2.03	1.29	8	30.01	763.24	760.49	2019.10	82.42	2131.52	1.28	2.01
Tide pool 1	pH=8	A	0.415	100	97.0	100.0	99.0	99.0	100.0	98.0	100.0	31.2	14	8.06	2303.57	2106.87	408.56	3.59	2.28	8	16.15	410.79	409.30	1946.02	146.00	2108.17	2.26	3.56
Tide pool 1	pH=8	B	0.426	99	96.0	99.5	99.5	99.0	99.5	100.0	99.5	31.2	14	8.06	2303.57	2106.87	408.56	3.59	2.28	8	16.15	410.79	409.30	1946.02	146.00	2108.17	2.26	3.56
Tide pool 1	pH=8	C	0.378	100	92.5	99.0	99.0	100.0	97.5	99.0	98.5	31.2	14	8.06	2303.57	2106.87	408.56	3.59	2.28	8	16.15	410.79	409.30	1946.02	146.00	2108.17	2.26	3.56
Tide pool 2	pH=6.8	A			0.0	0.5	0.5	1.0	4.5	3.5	2.0	31.2	14	6.79	2208.37	2523.25	8335.25	0.22	0.14	8	329.89	8391.27	8360.98	2186.95	8.74	2525.58	0.14	0.21
Tide pool 2	pH=6.8	B			1.5	0.5	0.5	1.5	4.5	5.5	4.0	31.2	14	6.79	2208.37	2523.25	8335.25	0.22	0.14	8	329.89	8391.27	8360.98	2186.95	8.74	2525.58	0.14	0.21
Tide pool 2	pH=6.8	C			0.0	2.0	1.0	1.0	3.5	5.0	6.5	31.2	14	6.79	2208.37	2523.25	8335.25	0.22	0.14	8	329.89	8391.27	8360.98	2186.95	8.74	2525.58	0.14	0.21
Tide pool 2	pH=7	A	0.305	77								31.3	14	7.11	2229.55	2360.34	4013.75	0.45	0.29	8	158.55	4035.16	4020.59	2184.57	18.27	2361.39	0.28	0.45
Tide pool 2	pH=7	B	0.305	86								31.3	14	7.11	2229.55	2360.34	4013.75	0.45	0.29	8	158.55	4035.16	4020.59	2184.57	18.27	2361.39	0.28	0.45
Tide pool 2	pH=7	C	0.312	84								31.3	14	7.11	2229.55	2360.34	4013.75	0.45	0.29	8	158.55	4035.16	4020.59	2184.57	18.27	2361.39	0.28	0.45
Tide pool 2	pH=7.2	A	0.346	95								31.3	14	7.27	2225.40	2294.80	2745.19	0.64	0.41	8	108.43	2759.65	2749.69	2161.13	26.07	2295.63	0.40	0.64
Tide pool 2	pH=7.2	B	0.356	97								31.3	14	7.27	2225.40	2294.80	2745.19	0.64	0.41	8	108.43	2759.65	2749.69	2161.13	26.07	2295.63	0.40	0.64
Tide pool 2	pH=7.2	C	0.361	92								31.3	14	7.27	2225.40	2294.80	2745.19	0.64	0.41	8	108.43	2759.65	2749.69	2161.13	26.07	2295.63	0.40	0.64
Tide pool 2	pH=7.4	A	0.364	94	67.0	74.0	84.5	83.0	83.0	78.0	76.5	32.3	14	7.42	2246.04	2263.46	1901.17	0.94	0.60	8	74.58	1908.72	1901.83	2151.04	38.44	2264.06	0.59	0.93
Tide pool 2	pH=7.4	B	0.374	94	69.0	75.0	81.0	89.0	83.5	87.0	85.0	32.3	14	7.42	2246.04	2263.46	1901.17	0.94	0.60	8	74.58	1908.72	1901.83	2151.04	38.44	2264.06	0.59	0.93
Tide pool 2	pH=7.4	C	0.385	95	67.5	69.0	67.0	79.5	84.5	85.0	79.5	32.3	14	7.42	2246.04	2263.46	1901.17	0.94	0.60	8	74.58	1908.72	1901.83	2151.04	38.44	2264.06	0.59	0.93
Tide pool 2	pH=7.6	A	0.396	98	78.5	51.5	71.5	79.5	86.5	82.0	89.0	32.4	14	7.61	2258.82	2219.40	1210.26	1.43	0.91	8	47.46	1215.35	1210.96	2113.84	58.70	2220.00	0.91	1.42
Tide pool 2	pH=7.6	B	0.374	95	88.0	92.0	90.5	94.0	89.5	94.0	95.5	32.4	14	7.61	2258.82	2219.40	1210.26	1.43	0.91	8	47.46	1215.35	1210.96	2113.84	58.70	2220.00	0.91	1.42
Tide pool 2	pH=7.6	C	0.394	99	83.5	87.0	93.0	92.0	94.0	88.0	93.5	32.4	14	7.61	2258.82	2219.40	1210.26	1.43	0.91	8	47.46	1215.35	1210.96	2113.84	58.70	2220.00	0.91	1.42
Tide pool 2	pH=7.8	A	0.393	96								31.2	14	7.79	2207.23	2118.40	777.62	1.99	1.26	8	30.53	776.57	773.77	2006.84	81.20	2118.56	1.26	1.98
Tide pool 2	pH=7.8	B	0.403	100								31.2	14	7.79	2207.23	2118.40	777.62	1.99	1.26	8	30.53	776.57	773.77	2006.84	81.20	2118.56	1.26	1.98
Tide pool 2	pH=7.8	C	0.374	97								31.2	14	7.79	2207.23	2118.40	777.62	1.99	1.26	8	30.53	776.57	773.77	2006.84	81.20	2118.56	1.26	1.98
Tide pool 2	pH=8	A	0.401	99	90.0	97.5	99.0	99.0	99.5	99.5	100.0	31.2	14	8.07	2221.34	2026.50	381.86	3.51	2.23	8	15.02	381.98	380.60	1868.21	143.36	2026.59	2.22	3.50
Tide pool 2	pH=8	B	0.382	97	94.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	100.0	99.5	99.0	31.2	14	8.07	2221.34	2026.50	381.86	3.51	2.23	8	15.02	381.98	380.60	1868.21	143.36	2026.59	2.22	3.50
Tide pool 2	pH=8	C	0.392	98	94.0	99.0	99.0	99.0	99.0	100.0	100.0	31.2	14	8.07	2221.34	2026.50	381.86	3.51	2.23	8	15.02	381.98	380.60	1868.21	143.36	2026.59	2.22	3.50