Citation:

S0921-8181(98)00035-6

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcification rate of colonies of Stylophora pistillata, 1998
Published: 1998
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Acropora sp.; Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Cnidaria; Laboratory experiment; Not applicable; Single species; Stylophora pistillata

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Abstract:

The carbonate chemistry of seawater is usually not considered to be an important factor influencing calcium-carbonate-precipitation by corals because surface seawater is supersaturated with respect to aragonite. Recent reports, however, suggest that it could play a major role in the evolution and biogeography of recent corals. We investigated the calcification rates of five colonies of the zooxanthellate coral Stylophora pistillata in synthetic seawater using the alkalinity anomaly technique. Changes in aragonite saturation from 98% to 585% were obtained by manipulating the calcium concentration. The results show a nonlinear increase in calcification rate as a function of aragonite saturation level. Calcification increases nearly 3-fold when aragonite saturation increases from 98% to 390%, i.e., close to the typical present saturation state of tropical seawater. There is no further increase of calcification at saturation values above this threshold. Preliminary data suggest that another coral species, Acropora sp., displays a similar behaviour. These experimental results suggest: (1) that the rate of calcification does not change significantly within the range of saturation levels corresponding to the last glacial-interglacial cycle, and (2) that it may decrease significantly in the future as a result of the decrease in the saturation level due to anthropogenic release of CO2 into the atmosphere. Experimental studies that control environmental conditions and seawater composition provide unique opportunities to unravel the response of corals to global environmental changes.

Keyword(s):

Acropora sp.; Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Cnidaria; Laboratory experiment; Not applicable; Single species; Stylophora pistillata

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Gattuso, Jean-Pierre
2	Salinity	Sal		Gattuso, Jean-Pierre
3	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Gattuso, Jean-Pierre
4	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Gattuso, Jean-Pierre
5	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Gattuso, Jean-Pierre
6	Calcium	Ca	%	Gattuso, Jean-Pierre
7	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
8	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
9	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
10	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
11	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
12	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
13	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
14	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Gattuso, Jean-Pierre	Calculated	Calculated according to calcium contcentration
16	Aragonite saturation	Arg sat	%	Gattuso, Jean-Pierre	Calculated
17	Gross calcification rate of calcium carbonate	GC CaCO3	nmol/g/h	Gattuso, Jean-Pierre	Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

510 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Species	2 Sal	3 Temp [°C]	4 DIC [µmol/kg]	5 AT [µmol/kg]	6 Ca [%]	7 CSC flag	8 pH	9 CO2 [µmol/kg]	10 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	11 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	12 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	13 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	14 Omega Cal	15 Omega Arg	16 Arg sat [%]	17 GC CaCO3 [nmol/g/h]
Stylophora pistillata 1	38.5	27	2008	2259	25	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	0.7	98	272
Stylophora pistillata 2	38.5	27	2008	2259	25	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	0.7	98	210
Stylophora pistillata 3	38.5	27	2008	2259	25	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	0.7	98	126
Stylophora pistillata 4	38.5	27	2008	2259	25	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	0.7	98	226
Stylophora pistillata 5	38.5	27	2008	2259	25	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	0.7	98	138
Acropora sp.	38.5	27	2008	2259	25	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	0.7	98	214
Stylophora pistillata 1	38.5	27	2008	2259	50	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	1.4	195	506
Stylophora pistillata 2	38.5	27	2008	2259	50	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	1.4	195	420
Stylophora pistillata 3	38.5	27	2008	2259	50	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	1.4	195	337
Stylophora pistillata 4	38.5	27	2008	2259	50	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	1.4	195	452
Stylophora pistillata 5	38.5	27	2008	2259	50	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	1.4	195	276
Acropora sp.	38.5	27	2008	2259	50	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	1.4	195	500
Stylophora pistillata 1	38.5	27	2008	2259	75	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.1	293	584
Stylophora pistillata 2	38.5	27	2008	2259	75	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.1	293	526
Stylophora pistillata 3	38.5	27	2008	2259	75	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.1	293	379
Stylophora pistillata 4	38.5	27	2008	2259	75	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.1	293	528
Stylophora pistillata 5	38.5	27	2008	2259	75	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.1	293	321
Acropora sp.	38.5	27	2008	2259	75	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.1	293	536
Stylophora pistillata 1	38.5	27	2008	2259	100	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.8	390	584
Stylophora pistillata 2	38.5	27	2008	2259	100	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.8	390	578
Stylophora pistillata 3	38.5	27	2008	2259	100	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.8	390	421
Stylophora pistillata 4	38.5	27	2008	2259	100	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.8	390	528
Stylophora pistillata 5	38.5	27	2008	2259	100	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.8	390	298
Acropora sp.	38.5	27	2008	2259	100	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	2.8	390	429
Stylophora pistillata 1	38.5	27	2008	2259	150	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	4.2	585	584
Stylophora pistillata 2	38.5	27	2008	2259	150	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	4.2	585	578
Stylophora pistillata 3	38.5	27	2008	2259	150	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	4.2	585	379
Stylophora pistillata 4	38.5	27	2008	2259	150	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	4.2	585	502
Stylophora pistillata 5	38.5	27	2008	2259	150	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	4.2	585	298
Acropora sp.	38.5	27	2008	2259	150	15	7.89	15.31	578.58	576.81	1814.23	178.46	4.18	4.2	585	429