Citation:

s00227-009-1356-1

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and biological processes during experiments with postlarvae of barnacle of Semibalanus balanoides and Elminius modestus, 2010
Published: 2010
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Arthropoda; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Elminius modestus; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; Semibalanus balanoides; Single species; Temperate; Temperature

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Abstract:

Ocean acidification and global warming are occurring concomitantly, yet few studies have investigated how organisms will respond to increases in both temperature and CO2. Intertidal microcosms were used to examine growth, shell mineralogy and survival of two intertidal barnacle post-larvae, Semibalanus balanoides and Elminius modestus, at two temperatures (14 and 19°C) and two CO2 concentrations (380 and 1,000 ppm), fed with a mixed diatom-flagellate diet at 15,000 cells ml-1 with flow rate of 10 ml-1 min-1. Control growth rates, using operculum diameter, were 14 ± 8 µm day-1 and 6 ± 2 µm day-1 for S. balanoides and E. modestus, respectively. Subtle, but significant decreases in E. modestus growth rate were observed in high CO2 but there were no impacts on shell calcium content and survival by either elevated temperature or CO2. S. balanoides exhibited no clear alterations in growth rate but did show a large reduction in shell calcium content and survival under elevated temperature and CO2. These results suggest that a decrease by 0.4 pH(NBS) units alone would not be sufficient to directly impact the survival of barnacles during the first month post-settlement. However, in conjunction with a 4-5°C increase in temperature, it appears that significant changes to the biology of these organisms will ensue.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Arthropoda; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Elminius modestus; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; Semibalanus balanoides; Single species; Temperate; Temperature

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Species	Species		Findlay, Helen S
2	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Findlay, Helen S
3	Salinity	Sal		Findlay, Helen S	Multi meter, WTW, LF 197
4	Salinity, standard deviation	Sal std dev	±	Findlay, Helen S
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Findlay, Helen S	Multi meter, WTW, LF 197
6	Temperature, standard deviation	T std dev	±	Findlay, Helen S
7	pH	pH		Findlay, Helen S	pH meter (Mettler Toledo, USA)	NBS scale
8	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Findlay, Helen S
9	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Findlay, Helen S	Infrared gas analyzer, IRGA Li-Cor1 6262
10	Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation	pCO2 std dev	±	Findlay, Helen S
11	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Findlay, Helen S	Calculated using CO2SYS
12	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Findlay, Helen S
13	Elminius modestus	E. modestus	#	Findlay, Helen S	Counting	Initial
14	Elminius modestus	E. modestus	#	Findlay, Helen S	Counting	Final
15	Semibalanus balanoides	S. balanoides	#/m³	Findlay, Helen S	Counting	Initial
16	Semibalanus balanoides	S. balanoides	#/m³	Findlay, Helen S	Counting	Final
17	Elminius modestus, size	E. modestus size	mm	Findlay, Helen S	Measured	Initial
18	Elminius modestus, size	E. modestus size	mm	Findlay, Helen S	Measured	Final
19	Semibalanus balanoides, length	S. balanoides L	mm	Findlay, Helen S	Measured	Initial
20	Semibalanus balanoides, length	S. balanoides L	mm	Findlay, Helen S	Measured	Final
21	Elminius modestus, growth rate	E. modestus µ	µm/day	Findlay, Helen S	see reference(s)	Final
22	Elminius modestus, growth rate, standard deviation	E. modestus µ std dev	±	Findlay, Helen S
23	Semibalanus balanoides, growth rate	S. balanoides µ	µm/day	Findlay, Helen S	see reference(s)	Final
24	Semibalanus balanoides, growth rate, standard deviation	S. balanoides µ std dev	±	Findlay, Helen S
25	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	µmol/g/h	Findlay, Helen S	see reference(s)	Final
26	Calcification rate, standard deviation	Calc rate std dev	±	Findlay, Helen S
27	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	µmol/g/h	Findlay, Helen S	see reference(s)	Final
28	Calcification rate, standard deviation	Calc rate std dev	±	Findlay, Helen S
29	Crowding	crowding	#/cm²	Findlay, Helen S		Initial
30	Crowding	crowding	#/cm²	Findlay, Helen S		Final
31	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
33	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
35	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
36	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
37	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Findlay, Helen S	Calculated using CO2SYS
39	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Findlay, Helen S	Calculated using CO2SYS
40	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

264 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Species	2 Exp treat	3 Sal (Multi meter, WTW, LF 197)	4 Sal std dev [±]	5 Temp [°C] (Multi meter, WTW, LF 197)	6 T std dev [±]	7 pH (NBS scale, pH meter (Mettler ...)	8 pH std dev [±]	9 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Infrared gas analyzer, IRGA L...)	10 pCO2 std dev [±]	11 Omega Cal (Calculated using CO2SYS)	12 Omega Cal std dev [±]	13 E. modestus [#] (Initial, Counting)	14 E. modestus [#] (Final, Counting)	15 S. balanoides [#/m³] (Initial, Counting)	16 S. balanoides [#/m³] (Final, Counting)	17 E. modestus size [mm] (Initial, Measured)	18 E. modestus size [mm] (Final, Measured)	19 S. balanoides L [mm] (Initial, Measured)	20 S. balanoides L [mm] (Final, Measured)	21 E. modestus µ [µm/day] (Final, see reference(s))	22 E. modestus µ std dev [±]	23 S. balanoides µ [µm/day] (Final, see reference(s))	24 S. balanoides µ std dev [±]	25 Calc rate CaCO3 [µmol/g/h] (Final, see reference(s))	26 Calc rate std dev [±]	27 Calc rate CaCO3 [µmol/g/h] (Final, see reference(s))	28 Calc rate std dev [±]	29 crowding [#/cm²] (Initial)	30 crowding [#/cm²] (Final)	31 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	32 pH (Total scale, Calculated using...)	33 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	34 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	35 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	36 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	37 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	38 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	39 AT [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	40 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	41 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Elminius modestus	Low CO2, LT	34.5	0.3	14.6	0.2	7.96	0.022	413	4	1.9	0.15	210	162			0.46	0.65			6.14	1.62			0.000768	0.000084			0.70	0.54	29	7.85	15.62	412.82	411.35	1242.25	63.14	1321.0	1418.1	0.97	1.51
Elminius modestus	High CO2, LT	34.5	0.3	15.0	0.2	7.73	0.051	1076	34	1.4	0.34	298	240			0.50	0.65			4.92	1.07			0.000744	0.000079			0.99	0.80	29	7.62	40.29	1074.73	1070.89	1898.87	57.44	1996.6	2044.6	0.88	1.37
Elminius modestus	Low CO2, HT	34.6	0.3	19.6	0.7	7.98	0.044	412	9	2.4	0.51	252	187			0.49	0.69			6.68	1.01			0.000840	0.000086			0.84	0.62	29	7.86	13.45	411.57	410.18	1225.10	77.15	1315.7	1437.5	1.20	1.85
Elminius modestus	High CO2, HT	34.7	0.3	20.0	1.0	7.73	0.036	1075	40	1.5	0.22	293	202			0.48	0.59			3.64	0.41			0.000744	0.000074			0.98	0.67	29	7.60	34.72	1074.07	1070.47	1790.73	64.35	1889.8	1954.5	1.00	1.54
Semibalanus balanoides	Low CO2, LT	35.7	0.3	14.4	0.2	8.05	0.027	409	17	2.4	0.26			355	316			0.59	0.95			14.35	8.43			0.000672	0.000074	1.78	1.68	29	7.94	15.48	408.77	407.30	1529.88	98.04	1643.4	1788.2	1.49	2.32
Semibalanus balanoides	High CO2, LT	35.6	0.3	14.7	0.3	7.73	0.022	1132	43	1.5	0.14			190	150			0.61	0.68			2.94	1.95			0.000528	0.000058	2.00	1.58	29	7.62	42.45	1130.85	1126.81	2017.69	62.37	2122.5	2174.6	0.95	1.48
Semibalanus balanoides	Low CO2, HT	35.8	0.4	19.8	0.2	8.07	0.030	423	23	2.9	0.31			594	320			0.85	0.96			4.39	5.51			0.000456	0.000050	3.96	3.43	29	7.95	13.67	422.30	420.88	1555.76	124.88	1694.3	1878.6	1.93	2.97
Semibalanus balanoides	High CO2, HT	35.7	0.3	19.7	0.3	7.71	0.025	1109	43	1.5	0.13			317	85			0.86	1.02			6.23	2.85			0.000432	0.000046	1.92	1.70	29	7.59	35.92	1108.25	1104.53	1780.81	62.17	1878.9	1940.0	0.96	1.48