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Ellis, Robert P; Bersey, Jess; Rundle, Simon; Hall-Spencer, Jason M; Spicer, John I (2009): Seawater carbonate chemistry and Littorina obtusata biological processes during experiments, 2009 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.758631, Supplement to: Ellis, RP et al. (2009): Subtle but significant effects of CO2 acidified seawater on embryos of the intertidal snail ,Littorina obtusata. Aquatic Biology, 5(1), 41-48, https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00118

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Abstract:
Our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on whole organism function is growing, but most current information is for adult stages of development. Here, we show the effects of reduced pH seawater (pH 7.6) on aspects of the development, physiology and behaviour of encapsulated embryos of the marine intertidal gastropod Littorina obtusata. We found reduced viability and increased development times under reduced pH conditions, and the embryos had significantly altered behaviours and physiologies. In acidified seawater, embryos spent more time stationary, had slower rotation rates, spent less time crawling, but increased their movement periodicity compared with those maintained under control conditions. Larval and adult heart rates were significantly lower in acidified seawater, and hatchling snails had an altered shell morphology (lateral length and spiral shell length) compared to control snails. Our findings show that ocean acidification may have multiple, subtle effects during the early development of marine animals that may have implications for their survival beyond those predicted using later life stages.
Keyword(s):
Animalia; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Coast and continental shelf; Development; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Littorina obtusata; Mollusca; North Atlantic; Reproduction; Single species; Temperate
Funding:
Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384: European Project on Ocean Acidification
Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106: European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis
Comment:
Note from the author "The pH was measured in NBS scale, also the measures of pH and pCO2 are not coupled. The pCO2 was taken from the display on the output of the LiCOR machine used to control the gas mix. Therefore it is a single value which was recorded a number of times throughout the day (more as a way of making sure the gas supply was stable). Conversely the pH was measured in the 15 replicate experimental pots on a single occasion each day of the experiment to give an understanding of the conditions in experimental pots. Unfortunately a second parameter of the seawater carbonate chemistry was not noted directly from the pots, just pH, temperature and salinity. Therefore it is difficult to parameterise the carbonate system fully, particularly as we do not have the reciprocal pCO2 values for the ambient treatment."
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Experiment dayExp daydayEllis, Robert P
Experimental treatmentExp treatEllis, Robert P
ReplicatesRepl#Ellis, Robert P
SalinitySalEllis, Robert P
Temperature, waterTemp°CEllis, Robert P
pHpHEllis, Robert PpH 209 meter (Hanna Instruments)Total scale
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmEllis, Robert PPAR sensor LI-700, Li-COR Inc.
Carbonate system computation flagCSC flagNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
10 Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
11 Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
12 Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
13 Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
14 Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15 Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
16 Calcite saturation stateOmega CalNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17 Littorina obtusata, embryo, viableL. obtusata embryo viable#Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
18 Littorina obtusata, eggs, emptyL. obtusata eggs empty#Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
19 Littorina obtusata, embryo, deformedL. obtusata embryo deformed#Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
20 Littorina obtusata, embryo, twinL. obtusata embryo twin#Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
21 Littorina obtusata, embryo, half hatchedL. obtusata embryo half hatched#Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
22 Littorina obtusata, hearbeat, larvalL. obtusata hearbeat larvalbeat/minEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
23 Littorina obtusata, hearbeat, adL. obtusata hearbeat adultbeat/minEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
24 Littorina obtusata, embryo, time, stationaryL. obtusata embryo time stationary%Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
25 Littorina obtusata, embryo, time, spinningL. obtusata embryo time spinning%Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
26 Littorina obtusata, embryo, time crawlingL. obtusata embryo time crawling%Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
27 Littorina obtusata, embryo, time movingL. obtusata embryo time moving%Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
28 Littorina obtusata, periodisation, movingL. obtusata periodisation moving#Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
29 Littorina obtusata, periodisation, stationaryL. obtusata periodisation stationary#Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
30 Littorina obtusata, periodisation, totalL. obtusata periodisation total#Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
31 Littorina obtusata, rate of motion, whilst movingL. obtusata rate of motion whilst movingrotation/minEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
32 Littorina obtusata, total rate of motionL. obtusata total rate of motionrotation/minEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
33 Littorina obtusata, hatchedL. obtusata hatched#Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
34 Littorina obtusata, hatched, heartbeatL. obtusata hatched heartbeatbeat/minEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
35 Littorina obtusata, lateral shell lengthL. obtusata lateral slmmEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
36 Littorina obtusata, ventral shell lengthL. obtusata ventral slmmEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
37 Littorina obtusata, ventral shell widthL. obtusata ventral swmmEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
38 Littorina obtusata, aperture lengthL. obtusata aperture lmmEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
39 Littorina obtusata, aperture widthL. obtusata aperture widthmmEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
40 Littorina obtusata, lateral shell mid-lengthL. obtusata lateral shell mid-lmmEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
41 Littorina obtusata, spiral lengthL. obtusata spiral lmmEllis, Robert Psee reference(s)
42 Littorina obtusata, aperture areaL. obtusata aperture areamm2Ellis, Robert Psee reference(s)
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
7359 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Exp day [day]

Exp treat

Repl [#]

Sal

Temp [°C]

pH

pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]

CSC flag

CO2 [µmol/kg]
10 
fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
11 
[HCO3]- [µmol/kg]
12 
[CO3]2- [µmol/kg]
13 
DIC [µmol/kg]
14 
AT [µmol/kg]
15 
Omega Arg
16 
Omega Cal
17 
L. obtusata embryo viable [#]
18 
L. obtusata eggs empty [#]
19 
L. obtusata embryo deformed [#]
20 
L. obtusata embryo twin [#]
21 
L. obtusata embryo half hatched [#]
22 
L. obtusata hearbeat larval [beat/min]
23 
L. obtusata hearbeat adult [beat/min]
24 
L. obtusata embryo time stationary [%]
25 
L. obtusata embryo time spinning [%]
26 
L. obtusata embryo time crawling [%]
27 
L. obtusata embryo time moving [%]
28 
L. obtusata periodisation moving [#]
29 
L. obtusata periodisation stationary [#]
30 
L. obtusata periodisation total [#]
31 
L. obtusata rate of motion whilst moving [rotation/min]
32 
L. obtusata total rate of motion [rotation/min]
33 
L. obtusata hatched [#]
34 
L. obtusata hatched heartbeat [beat/min]
35 
L. obtusata lateral sl [mm]
36 
L. obtusata ventral sl [mm]
37 
L. obtusata ventral sw [mm]
38 
L. obtusata aperture l [mm]
39 
L. obtusata aperture width [mm]
40 
L. obtusata lateral shell mid-l [mm]
41 
L. obtusata spiral l [mm]
42 
L. obtusata aperture area [mm2]
1low pH1351571
2low pH1351517
3low pH135157
4low pH135157.561056.52139.431052.731644.0344.351727.81760.70.681.06151
5low pH135157.601149.42142.901145.301961.1558.012062.12107.60.891.3810
6low pH135157.621059.42139.541055.621892.7858.631991.02041.80.901.4016
7low pH135157.611096.42140.921092.491914.3057.942013.22061.30.891.3815
8low pH135157.611132.02142.251127.971976.4559.832078.52127.20.921.43151
9low pH135157.691179.62144.031175.402476.1490.112610.32693.31.382.1510
10low pH135157.491180.52144.061176.291563.5335.901643.51659.30.550.867
11low pH135157.551137.22142.451133.151729.3345.591817.41847.90.701.098
12low pH135157.491225.22145.731220.831622.7337.261705.71721.30.570.8915
13low pH135157.551369.02151.101364.122081.8254.882187.82219.00.841.31151
14low pH135157.671108.42141.371104.452221.9677.222340.62411.81.181.845
15low pH135157.541113.72141.571109.701654.9942.641739.21767.00.651.0211
16low pH135157.621073.52140.071069.671917.9759.412017.42068.60.911.42293
17low pH135157.581037.02138.711033.301689.7447.731776.21814.40.731.14401
18low pH135157.631006.82137.581003.211840.7058.341936.61989.90.891.392431
19low pH135157.59974.32136.37970.861624.6046.961707.91748.40.721.12225
20low pH135157.65979.72136.57976.181875.5162.251974.32033.90.951.483416
21low pH135157.591076.52140.181072.661794.9651.891887.01928.60.791.242913
22low pH135157.451083.02140.421079.141308.1827.391376.01385.00.420.652252
23low pH135157.371320.02149.271315.301326.2223.101398.61390.80.350.55181
24low pH135157.53981.02136.62977.501424.6535.871497.11522.60.550.8522110
25low pH135157.42966.02136.06962.561088.9721.281146.31152.10.330.51171318
26low pH135157.21933.72134.85930.34648.987.82691.6677.50.120.191777
27low pH135157.55706.02126.35703.481073.6128.301128.31157.60.430.674226
28low pH135157.6811717
29low pH135157.821518114
30low pH1351522
1low pH2351518
2low pH2351511
3low pH2351511
4low pH235157.581056.52139.431052.731721.5148.631809.61848.00.741.1612
5low pH235157.601149.42142.901145.301961.1558.012062.12107.60.891.3817
6low pH235157.631059.42139.541055.621936.8761.392037.82092.10.941.4615
7low pH235157.611096.42140.921092.491914.3057.942013.22061.30.891.3841
8low pH235157.601132.02142.251127.971931.4657.132030.82076.20.871.36111
9low pH235157.701179.62144.031175.402533.8194.362672.22760.21.442.251012
10low pH235157.481180.52144.061176.291527.9434.291606.31620.00.520.82101
11low pH235157.571137.22142.451133.151810.8349.991903.31939.40.761.19101
12low pH235157.501225.22145.731220.831660.5339.021745.31763.10.600.9366
13low pH235157.541369.02151.101364.122034.4352.412138.02166.00.801.251322
14low pH235157.671108.42141.371104.452221.9677.222340.62411.81.181.8441
15low pH235157.551113.72141.571109.701693.5444.651779.81810.20.681.0617
16low pH235157.631073.52140.071069.671962.6562.212064.92119.60.951.48362
17low pH235157.591037.02138.711033.301729.1049.981817.81858.90.761.19141
18low pH235157.641006.82137.581003.211883.5861.091982.22039.00.931.4615
19low pH235157.62974.32136.37970.861740.7953.921831.11880.40.831.2811
20low pH235157.65979.72136.57976.181875.5162.251974.32033.90.951.481211
21low pH235157.601076.52140.181072.661836.7754.331931.31975.90.831.29231
22low pH235157.451083.02140.421079.141308.1827.391376.01385.00.420.65211
23low pH235157.371320.02149.271315.301326.2223.101398.61390.80.350.552411
24low pH235157.50981.02136.62977.501329.5631.241397.41416.60.480.7417120
25low pH235157.43966.02136.06962.561114.3422.291172.71180.00.340.531810
26low pH235157.21933.72134.85930.34648.987.82691.6677.50.120.1984118
27low pH235157.53706.02126.35703.481025.2925.811077.41103.10.390.6254119
28low pH235157.743220
29low pH235157.8385216
30low pH2351512
1low pH3351511
2low pH335157
3low pH335157.571056.52139.431052.731682.3246.441768.21803.80.711.1172
4low pH335157.601149.42142.901145.301961.1558.012062.12107.60.891.38111
5low pH335157.621059.42139.541055.621892.7858.631991.02041.80.901.401411
6low pH335157.611096.42140.921092.491914.3057.942013.22061.30.891.38131
7low pH335157.591132.02142.251127.971887.5054.561984.32026.40.831.30109
8low pH335157.701179.62144.031175.402533.8194.362672.22760.21.442.254
9low pH335157.481180.52144.061176.291527.9434.291606.31620.00.520.8261
10low pH335157.561137.22142.451133.151769.6147.741859.81893.00.731.1410
11low pH335157.491225.22145.731220.831622.7337.261705.71721.30.570.896
12low pH335157.561369.02151.101364.122130.3157.472238.92273.20.881.376
13low pH335157.671108.42141.371104.452221.9677.222340.62411.81.181.848
14low pH335157.541113.72141.571109.701654.9942.641739.21767.00.651.02921
15low pH335157.621073.52140.071069.671917.9759.412017.42068.60.911.421792
16low pH335157.591037.02138.711033.301729.1049.981817.81858.90.761.197111
17low pH335157.631006.82137.581003.211840.7058.341936.61989.90.891.39102
18low pH335157.62974.32136.37970.861740.7953.921831.11880.40.831.28135
19low pH335157.64979.72136.57976.181832.8259.451928.81984.90.911.4215121
20low pH335157.591076.52140.181072.661794.9651.891887.01928.60.791.24175
21low pH335157.461083.02140.421079.141338.6528.691407.81418.50.440.681510
22low pH335157.381320.02149.271315.301357.1124.191430.61424.30.370.581651
23low pH335157.53981.02136.62977.501424.6535.871497.11522.60.550.852411
24low pH335157.43966.02136.06962.561114.3422.291172.71180.00.340.53820
25low pH335157.23933.72134.85930.34679.578.57723.0710.20.130.20931
26low pH335157.54706.02126.35703.481049.1727.031102.61130.00.410.642323
27low pH335157.766715
28low pH335157.811710111
29low pH3351519
1low pH43515281
2low pH4351520
3low pH435157.561056.52139.431052.731644.0344.351727.81760.70.681.0617
4low pH435157.601149.42142.901145.301961.1558.012062.12107.60.891.3827
5low pH435157.641059.42139.541055.621981.9864.282085.82143.80.981.5327
6low pH435157.641096.42140.921092.492051.2166.532158.72217.51.021.598
7low pH435157.601132.02142.251127.971931.4657.132030.82076.20.871.3616
8low pH435157.691179.62144.031175.402476.1490.112610.32693.31.382.15133
9low pH435157.501180.52144.061176.291599.9537.591681.61699.70.580.909
10low pH435157.561137.22142.451133.151769.6147.741859.81893.00.731.141131
11low pH435157.491225.22145.731220.831622.7337.261705.71721.30.570.89122
12low pH435157.561369.02151.101364.122130.3157.472238.92273.20.881.37104
13low pH435157.671108.42141.371104.452221.9677.222340.62411.81.181.847
14low pH435157.571113.72141.571109.701773.3648.951863.91899.80.751.17311
15low pH435157.631073.52140.071069.671962.6562.212064.92119.60.951.48374
16low pH435157.591037.02138.711033.301729.1049.981817.81858.90.761.19223
17low pH435157.651006.82137.581003.211927.4563.972029.02089.30.981.52283
18low pH435157.62974.32136.37970.861740.7953.921831.11880.40.831.2814
19low pH435157.65979.72136.57976.181875.5162.251974.32033.90.951.4829
20low pH435157.601076.52140.181072.661836.7754.331931.31975.90.831.29322
21low pH435157.461083.02140.421079.141338.6528.691407.81418.50.440.682041
22low pH435157.381320.02149.271315.301357.1124.191430.61424.30.370.5826
23low pH435157.54981.02136.62977.501457.8437.561532.01559.70.570.8930
24low pH435157.44966.02136.06962.561140.3023.341199.71208.50.360.56280
25low pH435157.24933.72134.85930.34695.408.98739.2727.20.140.213130
26low pH435157.54706.02126.35703.481049.1727.031102.61130.00.410.64710
27low pH435157.71233
28low pH435157.83156
29low pH4351511
1low pH5351521
2low pH53515172
3low pH535157.571056.52139.431052.731682.3246.441768.21803.80.711.112112
4low pH535157.611149.42142.901145.302006.8360.742110.52159.50.931.451922
5low pH535157.641059.42139.541055.621981.9864.282085.82143.80.981.532222
6low pH535157.601096.42140.921092.491870.7255.341967.02011.90.851.32101
7low pH535157.601132.02142.251127.971931.4657.132030.82076.20.871.36112
8low pH535157.691179.62144.031175.402476.1490.112610.32693.31.382.1520
9low pH535157.501180.52144.061176.291599.9537.591681.61699.70.580.9014
10low pH535157.561137.22142.451133.151769.6147.741859.81893.00.731.14131
11low pH535157.501225.22145.731220.831660.5339.021745.31763.10.600.9321
12low pH535157.561369.02151.101364.122130.3157.472238.92273.20.881.37611
13low pH535157.671108.42141.371104.452221.9677.222340.62411.81.181.846
14low pH535157.561113.72141.571109.701732.9946.751821.31854.40.721.112922
15low pH535157.631073.52140.071069.671962.6562.212064.92119.60.951.483132
16low pH535157.581037.02138.711033.301689.7447.731776.21814.40.731.142561
17low pH535157.631006.82137.581003.211840.7058.341936.61989.90.891.39212
18low pH535157.62974.32136.37970.861740.7953.921831.11880.40.831.282752
19low pH535157.64979.72136.57976.181832.8259.451928.81984.90.911.423246
20low pH535157.601076.52140.181072.661836.7754.331931.31975.90.831.2926
21low pH535157.461083.02140.421079.141338.6528.691407.81418.50.440.68386
22low pH535157.381320.02149.271315.301357.1124.191430.61424.30.370.58378
23low pH535157.53981.02136.62977.501424.6535.871497.11522.60.550.85325
24low pH535157.43966.02136.06962.561114.3422.291172.71180.00.340.532590
25low pH535157.46933.72134.85930.341154.0724.731213.61226.00.380.5923610
26low pH535157.55706.02126.35703.481073.6128.301128.31157.60.430.671340
27low pH535157.7123922
28low pH535157.8418157
29low pH5351515
1low pH6351512
2low pH6351512
3low pH635157.561056.52139.431052.731644.0344.351727.81760.70.681.0613
4low pH635157.601149.42142.901145.301961.1558.012062.12107.60.891.3812
5low pH635157.611059.42139.541055.621849.6955.991945.21992.80.861.3311
6low pH635157.611096.42140.921092.491914.3057.942013.22061.30.891.387
7low pH635157.591132.02142.251127.971887.5054.561984.32026.40.831.3010
8low pH635157.691179.62144.031175.402476.1490.112610.32693.31.382.151111
9low pH635157.481180.52144.061176.291527.9434.291606.31620.00.520.8218
10low pH635157.561137.22142.451133.151769.6147.741859.81893.00.731.14172
11low pH635157.521225.22145.731220.831738.7942.781827.31850.00.651.02161
12low pH635157.571369.02151.101364.122179.9460.182291.22328.90.921.43191
13low pH635157.681108.42141.371104.452273.7280.862396.02471.61.241.9392
14low pH635157.541113.72141.571109.701654.9942.641739.21767.00.651.0217
15low pH635157.621073.52140.071069.671917.9759.412017.42068.60.911.42182
16low pH635157.581037.02138.711033.301689.7447.731776.21814.40.731.14193
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