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Gutowska, Magdalena A; Melzner, Frank (2009): Seawater carbonate chemistry and biological parameters of Sepia officinalis during experiments, 2009. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.758066, Supplement to: Gutowska, MA; Melzner, F (2009): Abiotic conditions in cephalopod (Sepia officinalis) eggs: embryonic development at low pH and high pCO2. Marine Biology, 156(3), 515-519, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-008-1096-7

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Abstract:
Low pO2 values have been measured in the perivitelline fluids (PVF) of marine animal eggs on several occasions, especially towards the end of development, when embryonic oxygen consumption is at its peak and the egg case acts as a massive barrier to diffusion. Several authors have therefore suggested that oxygen availability is the key factor leading to hatching. However, there have been no measurements of PVF pCO2 so far. This is surprising, as elevated pCO2 could also constitute a major abiotic stressor for the developing embryo. As a first attempt to fill this gap in knowledge, we measured pO2, pCO2 and pH in the PVF of late cephalopod (Sepia officinalis) eggs. We found linear relationships between embryo wet mass and pO2, pCO2 and pH. pO2 declined from >12 kPa to less than 5 kPa, while pCO2 increased from 0.13 to 0.41 kPa. In the absence of active accumulation of bicarbonate in the PVF, pH decreased from 7.7 to 7.2. Our study supports the idea that oxygen becomes limiting in cephalopod eggs towards the end of development; however, pCO2 and pH shift to levels that have caused significant physiological disturbances in other marine ectothermic animals. Future research needs to address the physiological adaptations that enable the embryo to cope with the adverse abiotic conditions in their egg environment.
Keyword(s):
Animalia; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Mollusca; Nekton; Not applicable; Pelagos; Reproduction; Sepia officinalis; Single species
Funding:
Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384: European Project on Ocean Acidification
Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106: European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis
Comment:
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
SalinitySalGutowska, Magdalena A
Temperature, waterTemp°CGutowska, Magdalena A
pHpHGutowska, Magdalena AWTW 340i pH-analyzer and WTW SenTix 81-electrodeNBS scale, H+ ion concentration in µmol/l
pHpHGutowska, Magdalena ACalculatedNBS scale, H+ ion concentration in µmol/kg
Carbon dioxide, partial pressurepCO2PaGutowska, Magdalena ACalculated using CO2SYS
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmGutowska, Magdalena ACalculated
OxygenO2mg/kgGutowska, Magdalena AConductivity meter (WTW, Weilheim, Gemany)
Ammonium[NH4]+mg/lGutowska, Magdalena A
Nitrite[NO2]-µg/lGutowska, Magdalena A
10 Nitrate[NO3]-µg/lGutowska, Magdalena A
11 Alkalinity, totalATµmol/kgGutowska, Magdalena ACalculated using CO2SYS
12 Carbon, inorganic, dissolvedDICµmol/kgGutowska, Magdalena ACalculated using CO2SYS
13 Carbonate system computation flagCSC flagNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
14 pHpHNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Total scale, H+ ion concentration in µmol/kg
15 Carbon dioxideCO2µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
16 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)pCO2water_SST_wetµatmNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17 Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)fCO2water_SST_wetµatmNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18 Bicarbonate ion[HCO3]-µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
19 Carbonate ion[CO3]2-µmol/kgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
20 Aragonite saturation stateOmega ArgNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
21 Calcite saturation stateOmega CalNisumaa, Anne-MarinCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
22 Sepia officinalis, embryo, mass, wetS. officinalis WgGutowska, Magdalena A
23 Sepia officinalis, haemolymph O2S. officinalis O2 (ha)kPaGutowska, Magdalena A
24 Sepia officinalis, haemolymph pCO2S. officinalis pCO2 (ha)kPaGutowska, Magdalena A
25 Sepia officinalis, haemolymph pHS. officinalis pH (ha)Gutowska, Magdalena A
26 Sepia officinalis, haemolymph, bicarbonate ionS. officinalis [HCO3]- (ha)mmol/lGutowska, Magdalena A
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
338 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Sal

Temp [°C]

pH
(NBS scale, H+ ion concentrati...)

pH
(NBS scale, H+ ion concentrati...)

pCO2 [Pa]
(Calculated using CO2SYS)

pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
(Calculated)

O2 [mg/kg]
(Conductivity meter (WTW, Weil...)

[NH4]+ [mg/l]

[NO2]- [µg/l]
10 
[NO3]- [µg/l]
11 
AT [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using CO2SYS)
12 
DIC [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using CO2SYS)
13 
CSC flag
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
14 
pH
(Total scale, H+ ion concentra...)
15 
CO2 [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
16 
pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
17 
fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
18 
[HCO3]- [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
19 
[CO3]2- [µmol/kg]
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
20 
Omega Arg
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
21 
Omega Cal
(Calculated using seacarb afte...)
22 
S. officinalis W [g]
23 
S. officinalis O2 (ha) [kPa]
24 
S. officinalis pCO2 (ha) [kPa]
25 
S. officinalis pH (ha)
26 
S. officinalis [HCO3]- (ha) [mmol/l]
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.2108.610.187.582.33
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.2337.140.257.462.37
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.2277.770.227.512.34
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.2536.510.287.412.38
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.2377.140.267.442.44
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.2344.940.287.412.41
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.2227.770.267.432.36
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.13412.810.137.722.32
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.2459.660.207.542.37
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.2627.140.247.462.35
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.2237.770.237.522.62
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.3104.620.417.232.37
32178.17.942414.51197384.60.110050001221.11142.9297.7914.80413.87412.441078.0050.090.781.220.3105.460.317.362.43