Citation:

PANGAEA.756687

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry, primary production, biomass and calcification of plankton and bacteria, 2009
Published: 2009
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Chromista; Entire community; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Not applicable; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Pleurochrysis carterae; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species

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Abstract:

Production (abundance and biomass) and net calcification rates of the coccolithophorid Pleurochrysis carterae under different partial pressures of CO2 (pCO2) were examined using short (15, 24 and 39 h), long (7 d) and dark (7 d) incubation experiments. Short incubations were conducted at ambient, 500 and 820 ppm pCO2 levels in natural seawater that was enriched with nutrients and inoculated with P. carterae. Long incubations were conducted at ambient and 1200 ppm pCO2 levels in natural seawater (0.2 µm filtered as well as unfiltered) that was enriched with nutrients and inoculated with P. carterae. Dark incubations were conducted at ambient and 1200 ppm pCO2 in unfiltered seawater that was inoculated with P. carterae. The abundance and biomass of coccolithophorids increased with pCO2 and time. The abundance and biomass of most noncalcifying phytoplankton also increased, and were hardly affected by CO2 inputs. Net calcification rates were negative in short incubations during the pre-bloom phase regardless of pCO2 levels, indicating dissolution of calcium carbonate. Further, the negative values of net calcification in short incubations became less negative with time. Net calcification rates were positive in long incubations during blooms regardless of pCO2 level, and the rate of calcification increased with pCO2. Our results show that P. carterae may adapt to increased (~1200 ppm) pCO2 level with time, and such increase has little effect on the ecology of noncalcifying groups and hence in ecosystem dynamics. In dark incubations, net calcification rates were negative, with the magnitude being dependent on pCO2 levels.

Keyword(s):

Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Chromista; Entire community; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Not applicable; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Pleurochrysis carterae; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species

Related to:

Casareto, Beatriz E; Niraula, Mohan P; Fujimura, Hiroyuki; Suzuki, Yoshimi (2009): Effects of carbon dioxide on the coccolithophorid Pleurochrysis carterae in incubation experiments. Aquatic Biology, 7(1-2), 59-70, https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00182

Project(s):

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Casareto, Beatriz E		NCN: Incubation of unfiltered sea water with the addition of Pleurochrysis carterae and nutrients; FCN: Incubation of filtered sea water (0.2 µm) with the addition of Pleurochrysis carterae and nutrients; NCD: Dark Incubation of unfiltered sea water with the addition of Pleurochrysis carterae
2	Experiment day	Exp day	day	Casareto, Beatriz E
3	Time in hours	Time	h	Casareto, Beatriz E
4	Salinity	Sal		Casareto, Beatriz E
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Casareto, Beatriz E
6	pH	pH		Casareto, Beatriz E	pH meter (Orion)	NBS scale
7	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Casareto, Beatriz E
8	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Casareto, Beatriz E	Potentiometric titration (Radiometer TIM850)
9	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Casareto, Beatriz E
10	Nitrate	[NO3]-	µmol/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Measured
11	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Measured
12	Carbon, inorganic, particulate	PIC	µg/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Calculated
13	Carbon, organic, particulate	POC	µg/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Mass spectrometer Thermo Finnigan DELTA plus Advantage
14	Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio	PIC/POC		Casareto, Beatriz E	Calculated
15	Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation	PIC/POC ratio std dev	±	Casareto, Beatriz E
16	Carbon, organic, particulate	POC	µmol/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Mass spectrometer Thermo Finnigan DELTA plus Advantage
17	Nitrogen, organic, particulate	PON	µmol/l	Casareto, Beatriz E
18	Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio	POC/PON		Casareto, Beatriz E
19	Coccolithophoridae, biomass as carbon	Coccolith C	µg/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Microscopy
20	Coccolithophoridae, biomass as carbon, standard deviation	Coccolith C std dev	±	Casareto, Beatriz E
21	Cyanobacteria, biomass as carbon	Cyanobact C	µg/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Microscopy
22	Cyanobacteria, biomass as carbon, standard deviation	Cyanobact C std dev	±	Casareto, Beatriz E
23	Phytoplankton, other, noncalcifying, biomass as carbon	Phytopl noncal C	µg/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Microscopy
24	Phytoplankton, other, noncalcifying, biomass as carbon, standard deviation	Phytopl C std dev	±	Casareto, Beatriz E
25	Primary production of carbon	PP C	µg/l/h	Casareto, Beatriz E	13C tracer technique according to Hama et al. (1993)
26	Microzooplankton, biomass as carbon	Microzoopl C	µg/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Microscopy
27	Microzooplankton, biomass as carbon, standard deviation	Microzoopl C std dev	±	Casareto, Beatriz E
28	Pico-/Nanoplankton heterotrophic eukaryotic, biomass	Picopl nanopl het euk C C	µg/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Calculated
29	Pico-/Nanoplankton heterotrophic eukaryotic, biomass, standard deviation	Picopl Nanopl het euk C std dev	±	Casareto, Beatriz E
30	Bacteria, biomass	Bact biom	µg/l	Casareto, Beatriz E	Microscopy
31	Bacteria, biomass as carbon, standard deviation	Bact C std dev	±	Casareto, Beatriz E
32	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	µmol/l/h	Casareto, Beatriz E	Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975)
33	Calcification rate, standard deviation	Calc rate std dev	±	Casareto, Beatriz E
34	Carbon, total	TC	µmol/kg	Casareto, Beatriz E
35	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
36	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
37	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
38	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
39	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
40	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
41	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
42	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
43	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

760 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Exp treat (NCN: Incubation of unfiltered...)	2 Exp day [day]	3 Time [h]	4 Sal	5 Temp [°C]	6 pH (NBS scale, pH meter (Orion))	7 pH std dev [±]	8 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric titration (Rad...)	9 AT std dev [±]	10 [NO3]- [µmol/l] (Measured)	11 [PO4]3- [µmol/l] (Measured)	12 PIC [µg/l] (Calculated)	13 POC [µg/l] (Mass spectrometer Thermo Finn...)	14 PIC/POC (Calculated)	15 PIC/POC ratio std dev [±]	16 POC [µmol/l] (Mass spectrometer Thermo Finn...)	17 PON [µmol/l]	18 POC/PON	19 Coccolith C [µg/l] (Microscopy)	20 Coccolith C std dev [±]	21 Cyanobact C [µg/l] (Microscopy)	22 Cyanobact C std dev [±]	23 Phytopl noncal C [µg/l] (Microscopy)	24 Phytopl C std dev [±]	25 PP C [µg/l/h] (13C tracer technique accordin...)	26 Microzoopl C [µg/l] (Microscopy)	27 Microzoopl C std dev [±]	28 Picopl nanopl het euk C C [µg/l] (Calculated)	29 Picopl Nanopl het euk C std dev [±]	30 Bact biom [µg/l] (Microscopy)	31 Bact C std dev [±]	32 Calc rate CaCO3 [µmol/l/h] (Alkalinity anomaly technique ...)	33 Calc rate std dev [±]	34 TC [µmol/kg]	35 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	36 pH (Total scale, Calculated using...)	37 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	38 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	39 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	40 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	41 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	42 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	43 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Ambient pCO2 - Short incubation	0	0	35	25	8.19	0.01	2212	0.8	5.10	0.50								6.55	0.53	6.26	0.89	3.26	0.22		1.75	0.50	0.40	0.10	5	0.490			1913.3	26	8.06	10.44	368.74	367.57	1693.76	209.11	3.32	5.03
Ambient pCO2 - Short incubation	1	15	35	25	8.19	0.00	2454	0.1	4.70	0.80								6.88	0.57	2.59	0.38	3.44	0.65	1.02	1.80	0.50	0.50	0.12	6	0.390	-4.12	0.02	2133.1	26	8.06	11.66	412.04	410.74	1888.74	232.69	3.69	5.60
Ambient pCO2 - Short incubation	2	24	35	25	8.20	0.01	2448	0.4	4.65	1.00								7.21	0.76	0.97	1.39	4.51	0.27	0.67	2.50	0.80	1.55	0.30	8	0.570	-2.46	0.01	2124.6	26	8.06	11.47	405.33	404.06	1879.02	234.11	3.71	5.63
Ambient pCO2 - Short incubation	2	39	35	25														7.86	0.69	4.43	0.49	6.25	0.34	1.10	3.07	1.00	2.77	0.50	12	0.880
pCO2=500 ppm - Short incubation	0	0	35	25	8.11	0.00	2212	1.3	5.12	0.50								6.55	0.53	6.26	0.89	3.26	0.22		1.75	0.50	0.40	0.10	5	0.490			1959.9	26	7.97	13.21	466.84	465.37	1766.94	179.74	2.85	4.32
pCO2=500 ppm - Short incubation	1	15	35	25	8.19	0.00	2430	4.3	4.69	0.87								7.37	0.67	2.92	0.29	5.34	0.40	1.16	2.20	0.50	0.45	0.12	10	0.700	-3.35	0.19	2115.1	26	8.05	11.74	414.87	413.57	1875.49	227.87	3.61	5.48
pCO2=500 ppm - Short incubation	2	24	35	25	8.11	0.01	2449	0.0	4.79	0.89								8.19	0.77	1.39	0.28	5.24	0.25	0.71	3.50	0.80	2.00	0.60	11	0.660	-2.48	0.03	2180.6	26	7.97	14.85	524.58	522.93	1967.43	198.32	3.15	4.77
pCO2=500 ppm - Short incubation	2	39	35	25	8.11	0.01	2440	3.6	4.52	0.83								10.48	0.41	0.68	0.79	7.37	0.52	1.34	4.82	1.30	3.20	0.50	9	0.930	-1.42	0.06	2170.6	26	7.97	14.67	518.29	516.66	1957.27	198.66	3.15	4.78
pCO2=820 ppm - Short incubation	0	0	35	25	7.93	0.01	2212	1.3	5.12	0.50								6.55	0.53	6.26	0.89	3.26	0.22		1.75	0.50	0.40	0.10	5	0.490			2044.9	26	7.80	21.35	754.45	752.07	1895.55	128.00	2.03	3.08
pCO2=820 ppm - Short incubation	1	15	35	25	7.94	0.00	2478	1.5	4.60	0.70								7.86	0.50	1.53	0.72	8.21	0.92	0.84	2.40	0.50	1.60	0.50	10	0.850	-4.94	0.01	2294.4	26	7.80	23.55	832.18	829.56	2125.01	145.84	2.31	3.51
pCO2=820 ppm - Short incubation	2	24	35	25	7.71	0.01	2361	5.6										9.61	0.77	2.57	0.24	4.93	0.43	0.85	3.60	1.00	2.50	0.50	10	1.000	-0.67	0.09	2274.7	26	7.58	39.96	1411.96	1407.52	2146.99	87.74	1.39	2.11
pCO2=820 ppm - Short incubation	2	39	35	25	7.91	0.02	2433	4.6	4.50	0.80								14.85	0.29	1.45	0.70	12.42	0.42	1.58	4.97	1.60	4.00	0.70	10	0.920	-1.32	0.04	2264.1	26	7.78	24.81	876.76	874.00	2103.63	135.65	2.15	3.26
Ambient pCO2 - NCN	0		35	25	8.20	0.01	2284	2.4	4.53	0.47	84.41	116.28	0.726	0.093	9.7	1.3	7.3	5.86	1.36	0.14	0.10	0.63	0.09		0.68	0.16	0.40	0.13	5	0.460			1974.9	26	8.06	10.61	374.76	373.58	1745.73	218.56	3.47	5.26
pCO2=1200 ppm - NCN	0		35	25	7.78	0.01	2271	0.4	4.53	0.47																							2162.5	26	7.64	32.50	1148.48	1144.87	2033.25	96.75	1.53	2.33
Ambient pCO2 - NCN	7		35	25	8.27	0.02	2265	1.0	0.88	0.08	182.51	770.16	0.237	0.055	64.2	3.4	18.6	46.96	2.04	0.19	0.07	2.73	0.89		1.85	0.28	2.77	0.77	5	0.460	0.07	0.01	1914.6	26	8.13	8.59	303.65	302.70	1661.63	244.38	3.88	5.88
pCO2=1200 ppm - NCN	7		35	25	8.06	0.01	2250	0.1	0.00	0.10	211.47	797.25	0.265	0.061	66.4	3.7	18.0	70.44	2.42	0.83	0.40	5.16	1.23		17.18	1.75	5.14	1.01	11	0.390	0.08	0.00	2020.9	26	7.92	15.42	544.99	543.27	1838.74	166.74	2.64	4.01
Ambient pCO2 - FCN	0		35	25	8.20	0.01	2292	0.0	5.00	0.61	10.62	15.69	0.677	0.191	1.3	0.3	3.8	6.43	1.99	0.01	0.00	0.00			0.00		0.00		0	0.050			1982.2	26	8.06	10.65	376.25	375.06	1752.23	219.32	3.48	5.28
pCO2=1200 ppm - FCN	0		35	25	7.78	0.01	2291	1.1	5.00	0.61																							2181.9	26	7.64	32.79	1158.62	1154.97	2051.48	97.63	1.55	2.35
Ambient pCO2 - FCN	7		35	25	8.41	0.01	2275	20.4	0.00	0.10	197.62	1494.22	0.132	0.129	124.5	4.7	26.4	276.98	10.37	0.04	0.00	0.00			0.00		0.00		7	0.530	0.07	0.04	1828.0	26	8.27	5.68	200.57	199.94	1514.83	307.49	4.88	7.40
pCO2=1200 ppm - FCN	7		35	25	8.21	0.01	2256	1.0	0.00	0.09	254.33	1655.51	0.154	0.011	138.0	4.4	31.7	378.20	10.92	0.08	0.00	0.00			0.00		0.00		10	1.190	0.13	0.00	1943.7	26	8.07	10.18	359.70	358.57	1714.01	219.51	3.48	5.28
Ambient pCO2 - NCD	0		35	25	8.20	0.01	2279	1.1	0.55	0.46																							1970.4	26	8.06	10.58	373.95	372.77	1741.77	218.05	3.46	5.25
pCO2=1200 ppm - NCD	0		35	25	7.78	0.01	2276	1.1	0.55	0.46																							2167.3	26	7.64	32.57	1150.62	1147.00	2037.74	96.99	1.54	2.33
Ambient pCO2 - NCD	7		35	25	8.01	0.01	2288	0.2	0.05	0.46																					-0.03	0.00	2081.1	26	7.87	17.97	634.77	632.77	1908.86	154.28	2.45	3.71
pCO2=1200 ppm - NCD	7		35	25	7.80	0.01	2287	0.9	0.55	0.46																					-0.04	0.00	2170.4	26	7.66	31.10	1098.97	1095.51	2037.74	101.55	1.61	2.44