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Stott, Lowell D; Kennett, James P (1990): Stable isotopic composition and carbonate concentrations of sediments of the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary in the Antarctic [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.754364, Supplement to: Stott, LD; Kennett, JP (1990): The paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic signature of the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary in the Antarctic: stable isotopic results from ODP Leg 113. In: Barker, PF; Kennett, JP; et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 113, 829-848, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.113.158.1990

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Abstract:
Stable isotopic records across the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/P) boundary in Maud Rise Holes 689B and 690C indicate that significant climatic changes occurred during the latest Cretaceous, beginning approximately 500 k.y. prior to the mass extinction event and the enrichment of iridium at the K/P boundary (66.4 Ma). An oxygen isotopic decrease of ~0.7 per mil - ~1.0 per mil is recorded in the Late Cretaceous planktonic and benthic foraminifers between 66.9 and 66.6 Ma. The negative isotope excursion was followed by a positive excursion of similar magnitude between 66.6 Ma (latest Cretaceous) and ~66.3 Ma (earliest Paleocene). No other isotopic excursions of this magnitude are recorded in the planktonic and benthic microfossil records 1.0 m.y prior to, and for 2.0 m.y following the mass extinction event at the K/P boundary. The magnitude and duration of these isotopic excursions were similar to those at the Paleocene/Eocene and Eocene/Oligocene boundaries.
A major d13C excursion occurred 200 k.y. prior to the boundary, involving a positive shift in planktonic and benthic d13C of ~0.5 per mil - 0.75 per mil. Similar changes observed in other deep-sea sequences indicate that this reflected a global change in d13C of the oceanic total dissolved carbon (TDC) reservoir. The magnitude of this inferred carbon reservoir change and its association with high latitude surface-water temperature changes recorded in the d18O records implies that it was linked to global climate change through feedback loops in the carbon cycle.
At the K/P boundary, the surface-to-deep water d13C gradient is reduced by approximately 0.6 per mil - ~0.2 per mil. However, unlike sequences elsewhere, the planktonic-benthic d13C gradient (Delta d13C) was not eliminated in the Antarctic. The surface-to-deep water gradient was re-established gradually during the 400 k.y. following the mass extinction. Full recovery of the Delta d13C occurred by ~60.0 Ma. In addition to the reduced vertical d13C gradient across the K/P boundary, there was a negative excursion in both planktonic and benthic d13C beginning approximately 100 k.y. after the boundary (66.3 Ma). This excursion resulted in benthic d13C values in the early Paleogene that were similar to those in the pre-K/P boundary intervals. This negative shift appears to reflect a change in the d13C of the oceanic TDC reservoir shift that may have resulted from reduced carbon burial and/or increased carbon flux to the oceans.
Any model that attempts to explain the demise of the oceanic plankton at the end of the Cretaceous should consider the oceanic environmental changes that were occurring prior to the massive extinction event.
Project(s):
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -64.945667 * Median Longitude: 1.836500 * South-bound Latitude: -65.160000 * West-bound Longitude: 1.204800 * North-bound Latitude: -64.517000 * East-bound Longitude: 3.099900
Date/Time Start: 1987-01-16T08:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1987-01-23T20:30:00
Event(s):
113-689B * Latitude: -64.517000 * Longitude: 3.099900 * Date/Time Start: 1987-01-16T08:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1987-01-18T06:45:00 * Elevation: -2091.0 m * Penetration: 297.3 m * Recovery: 229.45 m * Location: South Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: Leg113 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 33 cores; 297.3 m cored; 0 m drilled; 77.2 % recovery
113-690C * Latitude: -65.160000 * Longitude: 1.204800 * Date/Time Start: 1987-01-21T07:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1987-01-23T20:30:00 * Elevation: -2925.0 m * Penetration: 321.2 m * Recovery: 177.19 m * Location: South Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: Leg113 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 23 cores; 200.6 m cored; 0 m drilled; 88.3 % recovery
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
3 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Stott, LD; Kennett, JP (1990): (Table 3) Carbonate and insoluble accumulation rates for ODP Holes 113-689B and 113-690C. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.754363
  2. Stott, LD; Kennett, JP (1990): (Table 1) Stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of foraminifera and bulk sediment of ODP Holes 113-689B and 113-690C. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.754361
  3. Stott, LD; Kennett, JP (1990): (Table 2) Sr/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios of ODP Hole 113-690C. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.754362