García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during TOWNSEND cruise from Rio de Janeiro to Falmouth started at 1808-12-02 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752503, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 10.066410 * Median Longitude: -28.518462 * South-bound Latitude: -23.500000 * West-bound Longitude: -40.830000 * North-bound Latitude: 45.970000 * East-bound Longitude: -13.730000
Date/Time Start: 1808-12-02T15:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1809-01-10T00:00:00
Event(s):
Townsend_18081202_NMM_NAI/3/17 * Latitude Start: -23.370000 * Longitude Start: -43.120000 * Latitude End: 49.950000 * Longitude End: -5.000000 * Date/Time Start: 1808-12-02T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1809-01-10T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Townsend (Packet Ship), Voyage: Rio De Janeiro - Falmouth, 1st Observer: Cock (Captain), Company: Royal Navy
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 7 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 8 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 9 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 10 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 11 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 12 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 13 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 14 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 15 | Cloud type | Cloud type | ||||
| 16 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 17 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 18 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 19 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 20 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 21 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 22 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 23 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 24 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
681 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] | 5 ff [m/s] | 6 Course | 7 Distance [arbitrary units] | 8 Decl [deg] | 9 Wind dir descr | 10 Cur dir descr | 11 Wind force descr | 12 ww | 13 Precip descr | 14 State sea descr | 15 Cloud type | 16 Clearness | 17 Gusts | 18 Rain | 19 Fog | 20 Snow | 21 Thunder | 22 Hail | 23 Sea ice | 24 ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1808-12-02T15:00 | -23.50 | -40.83 | 239 | 4.6 | NEBE | 100.00 | 3 | SWBW, SW | AM LIGHT BREEZES, NOON GENTLE BREEZES | PM PLEASANT WEATHER | HAZY, CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256766 | ||||
| 1808-12-03T15:00 | -21.82 | -38.53 | 137 | 6.7 | NEBE | 159.00 | 2 | WSW, SE, SWBW | PM MODERATE BREEZES, SQUALLY, AM MODERATE BREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256767 | ||||
| 1808-12-04T14:00 | -20.15 | -37.03 | 224 | 4.6 | NE | 130.00 | -1 | SW, SBE | PM FRESH BREEZES, GENTLE BREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER, NOON FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256768 | |||||
| 1808-12-05T14:00 | -19.68 | -36.55 | 55 | 1.0 | NEBE | 163.00 | -1 | NEBE, SBE | PM GENTLE BREEZES, AM LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256769 | |||||
| 1808-12-06T14:00 | -18.83 | -34.50 | 362 | 6.7 | NE | 127.00 | -1 | N, VARIABLE, NBE | PM GENTLE WINDS, AM FRESH BREEZES, FRESH GALES WITH VIOLENT SQUALLS, NOON MODERATE BREEZES | PM PLEASANT WEATHER | AM HEAVY RAIN | HEAD SEA | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256770 | ||
| 1808-12-07T14:00 | -17.03 | -33.12 | 201 | 6.7 | NEBN | 134.00 | -2 | WNW, SSW, SSE | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM MORE MODERATE | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256771 | |||||
| 1808-12-08T14:00 | -16.08 | -32.38 | 355 | 9.3 | NEBE1/2E | 104.00 | -5 | SE, EBS, N, EBN, ENE, NNE | PM LIGHT WINDS, AM FRESH BREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER | HIGH NORTHERN SWELL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256772 | ||||
| 1808-12-09T14:00 | -15.98 | -30.57 | 40 | 9.3 | ESE | 112.00 | -5 | NBE, NE, N, NNE | PM STRONG BREEZES WITH HEAVY SQUALLS, AM FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256773 | |||||
| 1808-12-10T14:00 | -16.12 | -29.73 | 51 | 2.6 | NBW1/2W | 117.00 | -5 | NEBN, NEBE, NE | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM MORE MODERATE, SQUALLY, LIGHT BREEZES | HEAD SEA | PM HAZY, MIDNIGHT CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256774 | ||||
| 1808-12-11T14:00 | -14.28 | -29.98 | 362 | 9.3 | N1/2E | 120.00 | -5 | NEBE, VARIABLE, EBN | PM LIGHT WINDS, AM FRESH BREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER | HIGH SOUTHERN SWELL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256775 | ||||
| 1808-12-12T14:00 | -12.00 | -29.85 | 73 | 9.3 | NBE1/2E | 144.00 | -6 | EBN | PM LIGHT WINDS AND SQUALLY, AM FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256776 | |||||
| 1808-12-13T14:00 | -9.50 | -29.53 | 95 | 4.6 | NBE | 163.00 | -6 | EBS | PM FRESH BREEZES, SQUALLY, NOON GENTLE WINDS | FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256777 | |||||
| 1808-12-14T14:00 | -6.45 | -29.48 | 72 | 9.3 | NBE | 195.00 | -7 | EBN | PM FRESH WINDS, NOON FRESH BREEZES | FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256778 | |||||
| 1808-12-15T14:00 | -3.33 | -29.32 | 83 | 9.3 | NBE | 196.00 | -7 | E | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM SQUALLY, NOON FRESH BREEZES | FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256779 | |||||
| 1808-12-16T14:00 | -0.27 | -29.22 | 93 | 9.3 | NE | 215.00 | -8 | EBS | FRESH BREEZES | FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | FLYING CLOUDS, NOON CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256780 | ||||
| 1808-12-17T14:00 | 2.78 | -29.22 | 92 | 4.6 | NBE | 197.00 | -9 | EBS, ESE | GENTLE BREEZES | PM DAMP AIR, WARM, AM CLOSE | PM LIGHT FLYING CLOUDS, AM CLOUDY, NOON HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 256781 | ||||
| 1808-12-18T14:00 | 4.80 | -29.42 | 36 | 2.6 | NBW1/2W | 112.00 | -9 | NE, ESE | PM LIGHT BREEZES, SQUALLY, AM MORE MODERATE, LIGHT WINDS | HEAVY SHOWERS OF RAIN | PM HAZY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 256782 | ||||
| 1808-12-19T14:00 | 6.63 | -30.33 | 362 | 2.6 | NBE1/2W | 112.00 | -9 | ENE, VARIABLE, NE | PM GENTLE WINDS, GENTLE BREEZES, AM LIGHT BREEZES, NOON LIGHT WINDS AND VARIABLE | PLEASANT WEATHER, CLOSE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256783 | ||||
| 1808-12-20T14:00 | 8.40 | -30.90 | 362 | N | 97.00 | -10 | VARIABLE, ENE | SET NNW | PM LIGHT WINDS, GENTLE BREEZES, AM SQUALLY | AM HEAVY SHOWERS OF RIAN | HAZY, CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256784 | ||||
| 1808-12-21T14:00 | 10.67 | -31.05 | 69 | 9.3 | NBE | 129.00 | -10 | EBN, ESE | PM SQUALLY, MIDNIGHT MORE MODERATE, NOON FRESH BREEZES | PM HEAVY SHOWERS OF RAIN | HAZY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 256785 | ||||
| 1808-12-22T14:00 | 12.83 | -30.90 | 68 | 9.3 | NBE | 139.00 | -11 | EBN, E | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM LIGHT WINDS AND VARIABLE, FRESH BREEZES | CLIMATE MUCH COOLER | PM HAZY, AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256786 | ||||
| 1808-12-23T14:00 | 15.41 | -30.52 | 113 | 9.3 | NBE | -11 | SEBE, E | PM FRESH BREEZES, SQUALLY, AM FRESH BREEZES | DARK CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256787 | ||||||
| 1808-12-24T14:00 | 17.99 | -30.62 | 77 | 6.7 | NNE | 159.00 | -13 | E | PM GENTLE BREEZES, FRESH BREEZES, SQUALLY, AM MORE MODERATE | AM HEAVY RAIN | PM DARK CLOUDY WEATHER, , NOON HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 256788 | ||||
| 1808-12-25T14:00 | 20.57 | -30.00 | 362 | 0.0 | NNE | 171.00 | -13 | SSE, VARIABLE, S | PM FRESH WINDS, MIDNIGHT FRESH BREEZES, NOON CALM | AM PLEASANT WEATHER | PM SMALL RAIN, AM CONSTANT HEAVY RAIN | PM HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256789 | |||
| 1808-12-26T14:00 | 23.15 | -29.42 | 143 | 4.6 | NEBN | 145.00 | -15 | SSE, VARIABLE | PM LIGHT WINDS, AM FRESH BREEZES, NOON GENTLE WINDS | FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256790 | ||||
| 1808-12-27T14:00 | 24.97 | -28.92 | 131 | 4.6 | NNE | 118.00 | -15 | SEBS | PM GENTLE BREEZES, MIDNIGHT LIGHT AIRS, NOON GENTLE WINDS | FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256791 | ||||
| 1808-12-28T14:00 | 26.37 | -28.32 | 188 | 2.6 | NEBN | 99.00 | -15 | SWBS, SSW, S | PM LIGHT BREEZES, HEAVY SQUALL, NOON LIGHT WINDS | PM PLEASANT WEATHER | PM HEAVY RAIN, AM SMALL RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 256792 | ||||
| 1808-12-29T14:00 | 28.47 | -29.37 | 96 | 2.6 | NE | 123.00 | -17 | VARIABLE, ESE, S | PM LIGHT VARIABLE WINDS, LIGHT WINDS, NOON LIGHT BREEZES | FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | PM SMALL RAIN | HIGH NORTHERN SWELL | PM HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256793 | ||
| 1808-12-30T14:00 | 30.67 | -26.02 | 140 | 9.3 | NE | 159.00 | -18 | SSE | PM LIGHT WINDS, AM FRESH BREEZES | FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | HIGH NORTHERN SWELL | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256794 | |||
| 1808-12-31T14:00 | 31.45 | -25.35 | 353 | 19.0 | NWBW | 77.00 | -18 | NBE, SSE | PM FRESH BREEZES, SUDDEN TREMENDOUS GALE, MIDNIGHT STRONG GALES, NOON STRONG WIND | HEAVY SHOWERS OF RAIN | TREMENDOUS SEA | CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256795 | |||
| 1809-01-01T14:00 | 31.50 | -26.75 | 342 | 4.6 | ENE | 95.00 | -18 | N, NBE | PM STRONG GALES, LIGHT WINDS, NOON GENTLE NREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER, AIR QUITE COOL | TREMENDOUS SWELL | WITHOUT A CLOUD | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256796 | |||
| 1809-01-02T14:00 | 32.52 | -25.12 | 318 | 9.3 | NEBE | 103.00 | -20 | NNW, N | PM LIGHT BREEZES, AM LIGHT AIRS, NOON FRESH BREEZES | PM PLEASANT WEATHER | HIGH SWELL FROM ENE | AM CLEAR, NOON CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256797 | |||
| 1809-01-03T13:00 | 34.88 | -22.27 | 249 | ENE | 209.00 | -21 | W, NWBW | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM SQUALLY | HIGH SWELL FROM N | PM CLOUDY, AM CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256798 | |||||
| 1809-01-04T13:00 | 35.97 | -18.90 | 294 | 26.8 | ENE | 175.00 | -21 | NW, NWBN | PM HARD GALE, VIOLENT SQUALLS, AM FRESH GALES, HARD GALES | HIGH TREMENDOUS SEA | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256799 | ||||
| 1809-01-05T13:00 | 36.33 | -17.95 | 294 | 9.3 | NEBE | 46.00 | -21 | EBN, NNW, NW, NBW, NNW, NW | PM HARD GALES, AM MORE MODERATE, MODERATE BREEZES, NOON FRESH BREEZES | NOON PLEASANT WEATHER | HIGH SWELL FROM NE | NOON CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256800 | |||
| 1809-01-06T13:00 | 39.22 | -21.58 | 225 | 9.3 | NEBE | 196.00 | -23 | NWBW, WSW, W | FRESH BREEZES | PM PLEASANT WEATHER | HEAVY SWELL | NOON HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256801 | |||
| 1809-01-07T13:00 | 41.73 | -18.92 | 236 | 26.8 | NEBE | 207.00 | -23 | SWBW, WBS, WSW | PM STRONG BREEZES, AM STRONG BREEZES, NOON HARD GALES | PM SMALL RAIN | HIGH SEA | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256802 | |||
| 1809-01-08T13:00 | 44.33 | -16.02 | 234 | 2.6 | NEBE | 203.00 | -25 | WBS | PM FRESH GALES, FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, AM MORE MODERATE, NOON LIGHT WINDS | HIGH SEA | NOON HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256803 | ||||
| 1809-01-09T13:00 | 45.97 | -13.73 | 313 | 9.3 | ENE | 147.00 | -25 | WSW, NNW, NBW | PM LIGHT WINDS, SQUALLY, FRESH BREEZES, AM LIGHT WINDS, NOON FRESH BREEZES | AM RAIN | PM HAZY, NOON CLEAR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256804 | ||||
| 1809-01-10T00:00 | 48.18 | 293 | 19.0 | ENE | 204.00 | WNW | PM GENTLE WINDS, SQUALLY, FRESH GALES WITH HEAVY SQUALLS, AM FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | PM PLEASANT WEATHER | AM SHOWERS OF RAIN | HIGH NORTHERN SEA | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 256805 |