/* DATA DESCRIPTION: Citation: García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Rembrandt van Rhijn cruise from Bristol to Ceijlon started at 1852-11-20. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751731, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1). PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088 Related to: García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6 Project(s): Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC) (URI: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLIWOC) Funding: Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (URI: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/EVK2-CT-2000-00090) Coverage: MEDIAN LATITUDE: -8.679690 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 26.170543 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -40.470000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -30.900000 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 51.130000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 89.080000 DATE/TIME START: 1852-11-20T12:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1853-03-28T07:00:00 Event(s): Rembrandt_van_Rhijn_18521120_O_REIS_3_P14A-18A * LATITUDE START: 51.130000 * LONGITUDE START: -5.420000 * LATITUDE END: 6.420000 * LONGITUDE END: 83.080000 * DATE/TIME START: 1852-11-20T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1853-03-28T00:00:00 * CAMPAIGN: Cliwoc_cruise * METHOD/DEVICE: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * COMMENT: Ship: Rembrandt Van Rhijn, Voyage: Bristol - Ceijlon, 1st Observer: R. Grivel (Kapitein) Parameter(s): DATE/TIME (Date/Time) * GEOCODE LATITUDE (Latitude) * GEOCODE LONGITUDE (Longitude) * GEOCODE Wind direction [deg] (dd) * COMMENT: Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. Wind speed [m/s] (ff) * COMMENT: calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations Comment (Comment) * COMMENT: Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields Declination [deg] (Decl) * COMMENT: It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. Wind scale reference [#] (Wind scale ref) * COMMENT: Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used Wind direction description (Wind dir descr) * COMMENT: All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. Current direction description (Cur dir descr) * COMMENT: Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. Current speed description (V descr) Wind force description (Wind force descr) * COMMENT: All reported wind forces on this day Present weather (ww) * COMMENT: Weather description Precipitation description (Precip descr) State of the sea description (State sea descr) Cloud type (Cloud type) Clearness (Clearness) Gusts (Gusts) * COMMENT: 1 If wind gusts are reported Precipitation/Rain (Rain) * COMMENT: 1 If rain was reported Fog (Fog) * COMMENT: 1 If fog was reported Snow type (Snow) * COMMENT: 1 If snow was reported Thunder (Thunder) * COMMENT: 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported Hail (Hail) * COMMENT: 1 If hail was reported Sea ice (Sea ice) * COMMENT: 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported Comment (Comment) Identification (ID) * COMMENT: CLIWOC 2.1 line number License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0) (URI: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) Size: 1674 data points */ Date/Time Latitude Longitude dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) Wind scale ref [#] (Name of, or reference to the ...) Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) V descr Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) ww (Weather description) Precip descr State sea descr Cloud type Clearness Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) Rain (1 If rain was reported) Fog (1 If fog was reported) Snow (1 If snow was reported) Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) Hail (1 If hail was reported) Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) Comment ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) 1852-11-20T12:00 51.13 -5.42 156 26.8 -24 N, Z STIL TOT STORM Z01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209018 1852-11-21T13:00 50.42 -8.92 362 15.4 -26 RONDLOPEND HARDE KOELTE W20 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 209019 1852-11-22T13:00 49.55 -9.67 362 26.8 -26 10 RONDLOPEND 10 STORMWEER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209020 1852-11-23T13:00 48.92 -10.92 312 22.6 -26 W, NNW STORMWEER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209021 1852-11-24T13:00 47.75 -11.28 199 22.6 -26 NW, N, ZW STORMWEER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209022 1852-11-25T13:00 47.53 -11.70 289 22.6 -26 ZW, W, NW STORMWEER Z01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209023 1852-11-26T13:00 46.75 -11.93 246 15.4 -24 7 W 7 W00 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209024 1852-11-27T13:00 44.50 -12.83 267 9.3 -26 5 WNW 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209025 1852-11-28T13:00 41.95 -14.12 336 12.3 -24 6 NW, N 6 W00 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209026 1852-11-29T13:00 39.18 -15.83 336 -24 N W01 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209027 1852-11-30T13:00 36.93 -17.93 360 -23 NNO H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209028 1852-12-01T13:00 34.40 -18.28 360 -23 NNO H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209029 1852-12-02T13:00 31.40 -17.70 24 -21 NO H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209030 1852-12-03T13:00 29.07 -18.50 114 -21 ZO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209031 1852-12-04T13:00 27.33 -19.15 93 1.0 -20 OZO FLAUW W00 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209032 1852-12-05T13:00 24.62 -19.92 93 -20 OZO H01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209033 1852-12-06T13:00 22.40 -20.85 71 6.7 -19 4 O FLAUW H01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209034 1852-12-07T13:00 21.57 -21.15 49 -19 ONO H00, H01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209035 1852-12-08T13:00 18.62 -20.62 49 9.3 -19 5 ONO 5 H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209036 1852-12-09T13:00 16.05 -20.15 26 9.3 -19 5 NO 5 H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209037 1852-12-10T13:00 13.13 -20.20 26 1.0 -19 NO ZO FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209038 1852-12-11T13:00 10.95 -19.53 27 1.0 -18 NO ZO FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209039 1852-12-12T13:00 9.72 -19.47 27 1.0 -18 NO ZO FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209040 1852-12-13T13:00 7.93 -18.93 72 -18 O ONGESTADIG BUIJIG DONDERWEER EN REGEN 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 209041 1852-12-14T13:00 5.80 -18.60 207 1.0 -18 ZW FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209042 1852-12-15T13:00 5.17 -18.60 342 1.0 -18 Z, N STIL, FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209043 1852-12-16T13:00 5.18 -18.40 0.0 -18 STIL V00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209044 1852-12-17T13:00 5.05 -18.25 0.0 -18 STIL V00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209045 1852-12-18T13:00 4.83 -18.12 362 GEEN ZON (GEEN BREEDTE EN LENGTE) -18 RONDMALEND W00 W20 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 209046 1852-12-19T13:00 4.62 -17.98 196 1.0 -18 ZWTZO O STERK FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209047 1852-12-20T13:00 4.33 -17.87 207 0.0 -18 ZO, ZW STIL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209048 1852-12-21T13:00 3.98 -17.97 140 1.0 -18 ZZO FLAUW W00 V05 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209049 1852-12-22T13:00 3.15 -18.15 140 1.0 -18 Z, ZZO FLAUW H01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209050 1852-12-23T13:00 2.97 -19.50 140 -18 ZZO H01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209051 1852-12-24T13:00 2.05 -21.28 163 1.0 -17 Z FLAUW H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209052 1852-12-25T14:00 1.45 -23.47 120 -15 ZO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209053 1852-12-26T14:00 -0.13 -24.73 143 -15 ZZO H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209054 1852-12-27T14:00 -2.02 -26.25 131 9.3 -15 5 ZOTZ 5 H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209055 1852-12-28T14:00 -4.17 -28.35 101 6.7 -12 4 OZO 4 H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209056 1852-12-29T14:00 -6.33 -29.28 78 6.7 -12 4 O 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209057 1852-12-30T14:00 -8.90 -29.62 102 -11 OZO ONGESTADIG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209058 1852-12-31T14:00 -11.78 -30.40 102 9.3 -11 5 OZO 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209059 1853-01-01T14:00 -14.78 -30.90 79 1.0 -11 O FLAUW V05 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209060 1853-01-02T14:00 -17.02 -30.58 79 9.3 -11 5 O 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209061 1853-01-03T14:00 -19.32 -30.67 80 9.3 -10 5 O 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209062 1853-01-04T14:00 -21.32 -29.85 35 9.3 -10 5 NO 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209063 1853-01-05T14:00 -23.02 -28.55 126 1.0 -9 NO, ZO FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209064 1853-01-06T14:00 -24.35 -28.35 59 1.0 -9 ONO FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209065 1853-01-07T14:00 -26.23 -27.90 36 1.0 -9 NO FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209066 1853-01-08T14:00 -27.78 -26.33 349 -11 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209067 1853-01-09T14:00 -28.95 -23.45 349 -11 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209068 1853-01-10T13:00 -29.95 -20.48 346 -14 N S00, ZW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209069 1853-01-11T13:00 -30.93 -17.75 9 -14 NNO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209070 1853-01-12T13:00 -32.50 -14.85 231 -17 WZW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209071 1853-01-13T13:00 -33.42 -12.23 116 1.0 -19 ZW, Z, ZO FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209072 1853-01-14T13:00 -33.57 -9.67 251 -19 W STIL, ONGESTADIG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209073 1853-01-15T13:00 -34.25 -7.88 139 -19 Z, ZZO H01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209074 1853-01-16T12:00 -34.60 -5.73 338 1.0 -22 N STIL, FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209075 1853-01-17T12:00 -34.67 -5.22 248 -22 W ONGESTADIG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209076 1853-01-18T12:00 -36.17 -2.90 226 1.0 -22 WZW FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209077 1853-01-19T12:00 -37.67 -0.60 225 -23 WZW ONGESTADIG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209078 1853-01-20T12:00 -37.23 2.97 289 1.0 -26 NW FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a trivial correction was made in this observation 209079 1853-01-21T12:00 -38.65 5.63 267 1.0 -26 WNW FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209080 1853-01-22T11:00 -37.90 9.17 287 -28 NW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209081 1853-01-23T11:00 -38.33 11.12 220 -28 WZW ONGESTADIG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209082 1853-01-24T11:00 -38.80 13.90 196 -29 ZW ONGESTADIG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209083 1853-01-25T11:00 -38.92 17.02 196 -29 ZW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209084 1853-01-26T11:00 -38.67 21.85 150 0.0 -30 ZW, Z STIL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209085 1853-01-27T10:00 -38.37 24.95 14 2.6 -31 Z, O, NO LIGTE KOELTE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209086 1853-01-28T10:00 -38.13 28.07 149 -31 N, W, Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209087 1853-01-29T10:00 -38.32 28.65 194 -31 Z, ZW STIL, ONGESTADIG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209088 1853-01-30T10:00 -39.33 31.00 14 0.0 -31 N, NO STIL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209089 1853-01-31T10:00 -39.10 32.47 14 0.0 -31 N, NO STIL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209090 1853-02-01T10:00 -39.47 34.52 14 0.0 -31 NO STIL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209091 1853-02-02T10:00 -39.57 35.52 329 12.3 -31 6 N 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209092 1853-02-03T09:00 -40.23 39.00 195 15.4 -30 7 NO, N, ZW 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209093 1853-02-04T09:00 -40.47 42.42 308 -30 Z, NNW STIL, ONGESTADIG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209094 1853-02-05T09:00 -40.32 44.52 309 -29 NNW ONGESTADIG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209095 1853-02-06T09:00 -40.27 48.08 287 -28 N, NW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209096 1853-02-07T09:00 -40.05 51.92 287 6.7 -28 4 NW, N, NW 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209097 1853-02-08T08:00 -40.15 55.17 221 -27 NNW, WZW W00 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209098 1853-02-09T08:00 -39.53 59.23 154 -26 ZW, Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209099 1853-02-10T08:00 -39.53 62.97 200 -25 Z, ZW ONGESTADIG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209100 1853-02-11T08:00 -38.95 65.57 290 9.3 -25 5 NW 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209101 1853-02-12T07:00 -38.73 69.80 336 22.6 -24 N AANNEMEND TOT STORMWEER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209102 1853-02-13T07:00 -38.27 73.22 247 26.8 -23 W STORM EN STIL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209103 1853-02-14T07:00 -37.53 75.52 202 -23 ZW V06 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209104 1853-02-15T07:00 -35.57 78.80 163 15.4 -17 7 Z 7 W00 Z01 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209105 1853-02-16T07:00 -32.57 80.38 343 1.0 -17 Z, N FLAUW V03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209106 1853-02-17T07:00 -31.22 81.15 32 22.6 -13 9 NNW, NO 9 V07 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209107 1853-02-18T07:00 -30.92 81.07 347 0.0 -13 N FLAUW, STIL V03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209108 1853-02-19T07:00 -30.47 81.68 336 1.0 -13 NTW FLAUW V00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209109 1853-02-20T06:00 -29.57 83.28 303 1.0 -12 NW S01 FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209110 1853-02-21T06:00 -29.22 83.60 303 0.0 -12 N, NW STIL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209111 1853-02-22T06:00 -28.05 82.55 362 -12 RONDLOPEND ONGESTADIG W00 W20 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 a trivial correction was made in this observation 209112 1853-02-23T06:00 -27.35 84.93 138 9.3 -8 5 ZOTZ 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209113 1853-02-24T06:00 -24.97 84.88 138 9.3 -8 5 ZOTZ 5 V01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209114 1853-02-25T06:00 -21.85 84.48 107 -6 OZO V01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209115 1853-02-26T06:00 -18.63 84.22 107 -6 OZO W00 V06 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209116 1853-02-27T06:00 -15.52 83.78 42 -3 ZO, NO W00 V06 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209117 1853-02-28T06:00 -13.52 83.38 362 -3 RONDLOPEND V01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209118 1853-03-01T06:00 -13.07 82.97 65 -3 ONO W00 V05 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209119 1853-03-02T07:00 -11.42 82.32 313 1.0 -2 NW FLAUW W01 W20 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 209120 1853-03-03T07:00 -9.70 81.80 362 -2 RONDLOPEND W01 W20 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 209121 1853-03-04T07:00 -8.80 82.00 358 0.0 -2 W, N STIL W01 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209122 1853-03-05T07:00 -7.60 82.45 223 -2 W, ZW STIL, ONGESTADIG W00 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209123 1853-03-06T06:00 -6.40 82.62 225 0 ZW H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209124 1853-03-07T06:00 -5.30 82.87 315 0 W, NW H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209125 1853-03-08T06:00 -4.55 83.28 293 0 WNW ONGESTADIG H00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209126 1853-03-09T06:00 -3.70 84.22 315 1.0 0 NW FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209127 1853-03-10T06:00 -2.12 85.42 315 0 NW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209128 1853-03-11T06:00 -1.17 86.13 304 0 NWTW V00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209129 1853-03-12T06:00 0.15 87.18 293 0 WNW H01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209130 1853-03-13T06:00 2.37 87.78 327 9.3 1 5 NWTN 5 V00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209131 1853-03-14T06:00 3.78 88.70 316 1.0 1 NW S01, ZO FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209132 1853-03-15T06:00 4.97 89.08 305 1.0 1 NWTW FLAUW W00 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209133 1853-03-16T06:00 4.22 88.55 362 1 RONDLOPEND W00 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 209134 1853-03-17T06:00 4.52 88.05 362 1 RONDLOPEND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209135 1853-03-18T06:00 5.08 87.12 316 1.0 1 NO, ZW, NW FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209136 1853-03-19T06:00 5.58 85.78 339 1.0 1 NNW FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209137 1853-03-20T06:00 5.73 84.50 12 1.0 1 NTO FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209138 1853-03-21T06:00 5.88 84.20 316 1 N, NW Z STERK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209139 1853-03-22T06:00 5.98 83.92 0.0 1 STIL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209140 1853-03-23T06:00 6.32 83.35 339 1.0 1 NNW FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209141 1853-03-24T06:00 6.82 82.93 316 1 NW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209142 1853-03-25T06:00 7.12 83.37 271 1 N TOT W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209143 1853-03-26T06:00 7.35 83.30 362 1 RONDLOPEND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209144 1853-03-27T06:00 7.63 83.08 204 1 ZZW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209145 1853-03-28T07:00 8.35 82.30 114 1.0 1 OZO FLAUW 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209146