/* DATA DESCRIPTION: Citation: García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ISIS cruise from St. Helena to The Downs started at 1796-12-12. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749841, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1). PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088 Related to: García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6 Project(s): Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC) (URI: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLIWOC) Funding: Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (URI: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/EVK2-CT-2000-00090) Coverage: MEDIAN LATITUDE: 18.328462 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: -24.279615 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -14.900000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -34.820000 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 49.930000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -3.900000 DATE/TIME START: 1796-12-12T12:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1797-02-01T12:00:00 Event(s): Isis_17961212_NMM_ADM/L/J132 * LATITUDE START: -15.890000 * LONGITUDE START: -5.750000 * LATITUDE END: 47.720000 * LONGITUDE END: -5.280000 * DATE/TIME START: 1796-12-12T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1797-02-01T00:00:00 * CAMPAIGN: Cliwoc_cruise * METHOD/DEVICE: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * COMMENT: Ship: Isis (4th Rate Frigate), Voyage: St Helena - Downs, 1st Observer: Robert Watson (Captain), 2nd Observer: William Young (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 50G 1044BM Parameter(s): DATE/TIME (Date/Time) * GEOCODE LATITUDE (Latitude) * GEOCODE LONGITUDE (Longitude) * GEOCODE Wind direction [deg] (dd) * COMMENT: Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. Wind speed [m/s] (ff) * COMMENT: calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations Landmark (Landmark) * COMMENT: Name of first landmark Bearing (Bearing) * COMMENT: Bearing of the first landmark Distance to landmark [arbitrary units] (Distance) * COMMENT: Distance to the first landmark Course (Course) * COMMENT: Course of the ship during the past 24 hours Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance) * COMMENT: Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours Declination [deg] (Decl) * COMMENT: It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. Wind direction description (Wind dir descr) * COMMENT: All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. Wind force description (Wind force descr) * COMMENT: All reported wind forces on this day Present weather (ww) * COMMENT: Weather description Precipitation description (Precip descr) State of the sea description (State sea descr) Clearness (Clearness) Gusts (Gusts) * COMMENT: 1 If wind gusts are reported Precipitation/Rain (Rain) * COMMENT: 1 If rain was reported Fog (Fog) * COMMENT: 1 If fog was reported Snow type (Snow) * COMMENT: 1 If snow was reported Thunder (Thunder) * COMMENT: 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported Hail (Hail) * COMMENT: 1 If hail was reported Sea ice (Sea ice) * COMMENT: 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported Identification (ID) * COMMENT: CLIWOC 2.1 line number License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0) (URI: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) Size: 986 data points */ Date/Time Latitude Longitude dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) Landmark (Name of first landmark) Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) Course (Course of the ship during the...) Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) ww (Weather description) Precip descr State sea descr Clearness Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) Rain (1 If rain was reported) Fog (1 If fog was reported) Snow (1 If snow was reported) Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) Hail (1 If hail was reported) Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) 1796-12-12T12:00 -14.90 -7.30 84 6.7 ASINTION N44W 198 N44W 102.00 -17 ESE, EBS MODERATE FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120818 1796-12-13T13:00 -13.50 -9.07 99 6.7 ASINTION N43W 150 N51W 131.00 -14 SEBE, ESE MODERATE FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120819 1796-12-14T13:00 -12.18 -10.57 131 6.7 ASINTION N41W 113 N48W 118.00 -15 SEBS MODERATE FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120820 1796-12-15T13:00 -10.63 -12.33 131 9.3 ASINTION N35W 66 N48W 139.00 -15 SEBS FRESH BREEZES CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120821 1796-12-16T13:00 -9.10 -13.97 133 9.3 ASINTION N13W 24 N46W 135.00 -13 SEBS FRESH BREEZES FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120822 1796-12-17T13:00 -7.67 -15.27 133 6.7 ASINTION S77E 19 N77W 58.00 -13 SEBS MODERATE FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120823 1796-12-18T13:00 -5.88 -16.48 133 6.7 ASINTION S47E 67 N14W 132.00 -13 SEBS MODERATE FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120824 1796-12-19T13:00 -4.55 -17.37 133 6.7 ASINTION S42E 92 N33W 96.00 -13 SEBS MODERATE FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120825 1796-12-20T13:00 -3.07 -18.33 169 6.7 ASINTION S40E 127 N33W 106.00 -11 SBE, S MODERATE SMALL RAIN AT TIMES CLEAR WEATHER 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 120826 1796-12-21T13:00 -1.45 -19.43 157 6.7 ASINTION N38E 164 N34W 119.00 -12 S, SBE MODERATE CLEAR WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120827 1796-12-22T13:00 0.28 -20.13 123 9.3 ASINTION S37E 193 N22W 112.00 -12 SE MODERATE TRADE HOT SULTRY WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120828 1796-12-23T13:00 1.80 -20.45 112 2.6 ST JAGO N13W 246 N17W 64.00 -12 SBE, SEBE LIGHT BREEZES A HEAVY SWELL FROM THE NORTHWARD FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120829 1796-12-24T13:00 2.63 -20.87 112 2.6 ST JAGO N13W 240 N17W 83.00 -12 SBE, SEBE LIGHT BREEZES AT 8AM A HEAVY SQUALL OF RAIN FINE WEATHER 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 120830 1796-12-25T13:00 4.30 -21.37 362 1.0 ST JAGO N11W 203 N17W 40.00 -12 VARIABLE LIGHT AIRS SMALL RAIN 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 120831 1796-12-26T13:00 4.30 -21.37 213 2.6 ST JAGO N11W 203 N17W 40.00 -12 VARIABLE, EBS, SW LIGHT WINDS MUCH RAIN AT TIMES CLEAR WEATHER 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 120832 1796-12-27T13:00 5.20 -21.63 134 2.6 ST JAGO N11W 185 N17W 56.00 -12 SEBS LIGHT WINDS FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120833 1796-12-28T13:00 6.13 -22.30 362 19.0 ST JAGO N8W 165 N35W 68.00 -12 VARIABLE LIGHT BREEZES, AT 6AM CAME ON A FRESH GALE OF WIND CLOUDY WEATHER 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 120834 1796-12-29T14:00 6.82 -23.17 362 6.7 ST JAGO N2W 149 N51W 66.00 -10 VARIABLE MODERATE BREEZES CLOUDY WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120835 1796-12-30T14:00 7.88 -24.17 34 6.7 ST JAGO N7E 127 N43W 88.00 -11 NE MODERATE CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120836 1796-12-31T14:00 8.93 -24.92 34 6.7 ST JAGO N16E 112 N34W 76.00 -11 NE MODERATE CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120837 1797-01-01T14:00 9.93 -25.77 34 6.7 ST JAGO N28E 77 N40W 79.00 -11 NE MODERATE HAZY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120838 1797-01-02T14:00 10.73 -26.78 34 6.7 ST JAGO N43E 99 N51W 76.00 -11 NE MODERATE HAZY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120839 1797-01-03T14:00 11.97 -27.95 36 9.3 ST JAGO N62E 97 N43W 101.00 -9 NE FRESH BREEZES HAZY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120840 1797-01-04T14:00 13.52 -28.92 35 9.3 ST JAGO N82E 108 N31W 106.00 -10 NE FRESH BREEZES HAZY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120841 1797-01-05T14:00 15.10 -29.82 35 9.3 ST JAGO N82E 121 N29W 108.00 -10 NE FRESH BREEZES CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120842 1797-01-06T14:00 16.63 -30.73 35 9.3 ST JAGO N41E 145 N31W 108.00 -10 NE FRESH BREEZES CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120843 1797-01-07T14:00 18.08 -31.83 33 9.3 ST JAGO S65E 180 N35W 106.00 -12 NE FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120844 1797-01-08T14:00 19.62 -32.47 33 9.3 CORVO N4E 402 N21W 99.00 -12 NE FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120845 1797-01-09T14:00 21.17 -32.78 36 6.7 CORVO N5E 370 N11W 95.00 -9 NE MODERATE BREEZES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120846 1797-01-10T14:00 22.82 -33.40 34 1.0 CORVO N7E 340 N18E 105.00 -11 NE LITTLE WIND INCLINABLE TO CALM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120847 1797-01-11T14:00 24.72 -33.40 68 9.3 CORVO N7E 302 N 114.00 -11 ESE, SBW, EBN FRESH BREEZES AT TIMES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120848 1797-01-12T14:00 26.85 -33.27 362 9.3 CORVO N9E 260 N3E 130.00 -11 VARIABLE FRESH BREEZES AT TIMES AND SQUALLY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120849 1797-01-13T14:00 28.73 -33.05 362 CORVO N9E 222 N6E 112.00 -14 S, VARIABLE SQUALLY UNSETTLED WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120850 1797-01-14T14:00 29.27 -32.58 362 9.3 CORVO N7E 210 N46E 46.00 -14 VARIABLE FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120851 1797-01-15T14:00 30.57 -32.80 362 0.0 CORVO N9E 184 N14W 80.00 -14 SW, VARIABLE CALM LARGE SWELL FROM THE NORTH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120852 1797-01-16T14:00 31.27 -33.03 234 9.3 CORVO N11E 127 N16W 43.00 -14 WBW, WSW FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY, AT MIDNIGHT CALM UNSETTLED WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120853 1797-01-17T14:00 33.18 -34.00 187 6.7 CORVO N21E 140 N23W 124.00 -16 WSW, SW, SSW MODERATE BREEZES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120854 1797-01-18T14:00 34.62 -34.57 198 6.7 CORVO N35E 100 N11W 144.00 -16 SSW, SWBS MODERATE BREEZES LARGE SWELL FROM THE NW FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120855 1797-01-19T14:00 36.43 -34.82 175 19.0 CORVO N43E 89 N14W 51.00 -16 SBW FRESH GALES HAZY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120856 1797-01-20T14:00 36.58 -33.50 362 2.6 CORVO N33E 74 N7E 205.00 -16 VARIABLE LIGHT BREEZES FINE WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120857 1797-01-21T14:00 37.23 -32.48 286 9.3 CORVO N26E 55 N52E 62.00 -18 NWBW FRESH BREEZES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120858 1797-01-22T14:00 37.83 -32.53 251 2.6 CORVO N58E 58 N2W 96.00 -20 WBS, VARIABLE, W LIGHT BREEZES CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120859 1797-01-23T14:00 36.65 -32.55 362 6.7 ST MARYS SCILLY NE 397 N33E 64.00 -16 VARIABLE THESE 24 HOURS MODERATE BREEZES THESE 24 HOURS CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120860 1797-01-24T14:00 38.92 -31.20 249 6.7 ST MARYS SCILLY NE 386 N 136.00 -21 W THESE 24 HOURS MODERATE BREEZES THESE 24 HOURS CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120861 1797-01-25T14:00 39.65 -28.37 362 9.3 ST MARYS SCILLY NE 327 NE 164.00 -21 VARIABLE FRESH BREEZES THICK WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120862 1797-01-26T14:00 41.03 -25.68 182 9.3 ST MARYS SCILLY NE 280 NE 149.00 -21 SSW FRESH BREEZES THICK WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120863 1797-01-27T13:00 43.40 -22.00 257 22.6 ST MARYS SCILLY NE 218 NE 176.00 -24 WBN STRONG GALES THICK WEATHER RAIN HEAVY SEA 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 120864 1797-01-28T13:00 45.23 -22.30 246 22.6 ST MARYS SCILLY NE 185 NE 131.00 -24 W STRONG GALES THICK WEATHER RAIN 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 120865 1797-01-29T13:00 48.18 -15.83 288 6.7 ST MARYS SCILLY NE 146 NE 150.00 -27 NW FIRST PART FRESH GALES, LATTER PART MORE MODERATE FIRST PART CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120866 1797-01-30T13:00 48.70 -12.00 255 19.0 ST MARYS SCILLY NE 79 NE 160.00 -26 WBN FRESH GALES THICK HAZY WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120867 1797-01-31T13:00 49.93 -7.73 222 19.0 ST MARYS SCILLY NE 20 NE 192.00 -26 WSW FRESH GALES THICK HAZY WEATHER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120868 1797-02-01T12:00 49.20 -3.90 246 9.3 ST MARYS SCILLY SE 163.00 -24 W FRESH BREEZES CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120869