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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ECHO cruise from Curacao to Paramaribo started at 1835-07-16. Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Den Haag, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748767, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1). PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 15.722500 * Median Longitude: -66.231000 * South-bound Latitude: 12.230000 * West-bound Longitude: -68.910000 * North-bound Latitude: 17.950000 * East-bound Longitude: -61.650000
Date/Time Start: 1835-07-16T17:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1835-08-12T00:00:00
Event(s):
Echo_18350716_MAR_D23905_1230 * Latitude Start: 12.370000 * Longitude Start: -68.570000 * Latitude End: 5.950000 * Longitude End: -55.190000 * Date/Time Start: 1835-07-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1835-08-12T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Echo (Brik), Voyage: Curacao - Paramaribo, 1st Observer: W.H. Van Voss (Kltz), Company: MAR, Other ship information: GEWAPEND MET 16 STUKKEN A 30 POND, 1 STUK 12 POND, 2 STUKKEN 6 POND, BEMAND MET 100 KOPPEN IN DE VASTE ROLLE 10 IN DE BOVEN ROLLE EN 2 GEDETACHEERDEN.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
7BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
8--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
9WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14Present weatherwwWeather description
15Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16Cloud typeCloud type
17ClearnessClearness
18GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20FogFog1 If fog was reported
21Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23HailHail1 If hail was reported
24Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
366 data points

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