/* DATA DESCRIPTION: Citation: García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ACTIVE cruise from Madeira to Barbados started at 1763-11-28. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747145, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1). PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088 Related to: García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6 Project(s): Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC) (URI: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLIWOC) Funding: Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (URI: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/EVK2-CT-2000-00090) Coverage: MEDIAN LATITUDE: 22.311250 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: -25.925625 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 13.350000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -39.000000 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 32.320000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -15.500000 DATE/TIME START: 1763-11-28T13:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1763-12-13T15:00:00 Event(s): Active_17631128_NMM_ADM/L/A16 * LATITUDE START: 32.130000 * LONGITUDE START: -16.570000 * LATITUDE END: 14.850000 * LONGITUDE END: -59.680000 * DATE/TIME START: 1763-11-28T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1763-12-13T00:00:00 * CAMPAIGN: Cliwoc_cruise * METHOD/DEVICE: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * COMMENT: Ship: Active, Voyage: Madeira - Barbados, 1st Observer: Robert Corkett (Captain), 2nd Observer: William Carr Fielding (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy Parameter(s): DATE/TIME (Date/Time) * GEOCODE LATITUDE (Latitude) * GEOCODE LONGITUDE (Longitude) * GEOCODE Wind direction [deg] (dd) * COMMENT: Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. Wind speed [m/s] (ff) * COMMENT: calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations Landmark (Landmark) * COMMENT: Name of first landmark Bearing (Bearing) * COMMENT: Bearing of the first landmark Distance to landmark [arbitrary units] (Distance) * COMMENT: Distance to the first landmark Course (Course) * COMMENT: Course of the ship during the past 24 hours Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance) * COMMENT: Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours Declination [deg] (Decl) * COMMENT: It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. Wind direction description (Wind dir descr) * COMMENT: All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. Wind force description (Wind force descr) * COMMENT: All reported wind forces on this day Precipitation description (Precip descr) Clearness (Clearness) Gusts (Gusts) * COMMENT: 1 If wind gusts are reported Precipitation/Rain (Rain) * COMMENT: 1 If rain was reported Fog (Fog) * COMMENT: 1 If fog was reported Snow type (Snow) * COMMENT: 1 If snow was reported Thunder (Thunder) * COMMENT: 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported Hail (Hail) * COMMENT: 1 If hail was reported Sea ice (Sea ice) * COMMENT: 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported Comment (Comment) Identification (ID) * COMMENT: CLIWOC 2.1 line number License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0) (URI: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) Size: 307 data points */ Date/Time Latitude Longitude dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) Landmark (Name of first landmark) Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) Course (Course of the ship during the...) Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) Precip descr Clearness Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) Rain (1 If rain was reported) Fog (1 If fog was reported) Snow (1 If snow was reported) Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) Hail (1 If hail was reported) Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) Comment ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) 1763-11-28T13:00 32.32 -16.15 199 1.0 MADEIRA N64W 15 S64E 46.00 -15 SWBS SOMETIMES LIGHT AIRS SOMETIMES CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 173 1763-11-29T13:00 31.95 -15.50 188 1.0 MADEIRA N61:23W 28 S55E 40.00 -15 WBS, SWBS, SSW FIRST MODERATE,MID AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS FIRST CLEAR, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 174 1763-11-30T13:00 31.20 -16.27 154 1.0 MADEIRA N22:34W 31 S41E 60.00 -15 SBE LIGHT AIRS CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 175 1763-12-01T13:00 28.83 -18.17 111 9.3 W END OF MADEIRA N15:12E 75 S35W 86.00 -13 SEBE FIRST MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH BREEZES FIRST CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER CLEAR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a trivial correction was made in this observation 176 1763-12-02T13:00 27.33 -19.35 134 6.7 W END OF MADEIRA N21:17E 113 S35W 101.00 -12 NEBE, SEBS MODERATE FIRST CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER CLEAR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 177 1763-12-03T13:00 25.43 -21.39 112 6.7 W END OF MADEIRA N33:35E 173 S46:30W 158.00 -12 SEBS, SEBE FIRST FRESH BREEZES, MID AND LATTER MODERATE CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 178 1763-12-04T14:00 23.63 -23.12 58 9.3 W END OF MADEIRA N31:02E 210 S41W 145.00 -10 ENE FIRST LIGHT BREEZES, MID AND LATTER FRESH BREEZES FIRST CLEAR, MID AND LATTER CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 179 1763-12-05T14:00 21.77 -25.24 115 W END OF MADEIRA N34:02E 262 S46W 162.00 -9 SEBE FIRST MODERATE, MID AND LATTER SQUALLY RAIN CLOUDY 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 180 1763-12-06T14:00 19.75 -27.10 104 6.7 W END OF MADEIRA 35:08E 315 S41W 159.00 -9 ESE FIRST FRESH BREEZES, MID AND LATTER MODERATE CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 181 1763-12-07T14:00 18.25 -29.75 83 6.7 W END OF MADEIRA N38:39E 368 S59W 175.00 -7 E FIRST FRESH BREEZES, MID AND LATTER MODERATE FIRST CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER HAZY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 182 1763-12-08T14:00 17.77 -30.89 106 6.7 W END OF MADEIRA N40:09E 398 S66W 71.00 -7 ESE FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MIDDLE SQUALLY RAIN CLOUDY 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 183 1763-12-09T14:00 17.23 -31.67 361 6.7 W END OF MADEIRA N40:46E 407 S54W 55.00 -5 SBE, SBW, CALM MODERATE RAIN AND HAIL CLOUDY 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 184 1763-12-10T14:00 17.05 -31.89 74 1.0 W END OF MADEIRA N40:51E 412 S50W 17.00 -5 ENE, EBN LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 185 1763-12-11T14:00 16.20 -33.35 290 6.7 W END OF MADEIRA N42:06E 443 S59W 98.00 -3 WNW MODERATE CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 186 1763-12-12T14:00 14.92 -35.97 76 26.8 W END OF MADEIRA N44:19E 495 S63W 172.00 -3 EBN FIRST AND MIDDLE FRESH BREEZES, LATTER HARD GALES RAIN CLOUDY 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 187 1763-12-13T15:00 13.35 -39.00 67 9.3 W END OF MADEIRA N46:16E 558 S62W 201.00 -1 ENE FRESH BREEZES CLOUDY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 188