Not logged in
PANGAEA.
Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science

Alloway, Brent V; Pillans, Brad J; Carter, Lionel; Naish, Tim R; Westgate, John A (2005): Pleistocene rhyolithic tephra of ODP Leg 181 sites [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.743492, Supplement to: Alloway, BV et al. (2005): Onshore - offshore correlation of Pleistocene rhyolitic eruptions fromNew Zealand: implications for TVZ eruptive history and paleoenvironmental construction. Quaternary Science Reviews, 24(14-15), 1601-1622, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.07.026

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS CitationBibTeX CitationShow MapGoogle Earth

Abstract:
Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), in the North Island, New Zealand, is arguably the most active Quaternary rhyolitic system in the world. Numerous and widespread rhyolitic tephra layers, sourced from the TVZ, form valuable chronostratigraphic markers in onshore and offshore sedimentary sequences. In deep-sea cores from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 181 Sites 1125, 1124, 1123 and 1122, located east of New Zealand, ca 100 tephra beds are recognised post-dating the Plio-Pleistocene boundary at 1.81 Ma. These tephras have been dated by a combination of magnetostratigraphy, orbitally tuned stable-isotope data and isothermal plateau fission track ages. The widespread occurrence of ash offshore to the east of New Zealand is favoured by the small size of New Zealand, the explosivity of the mainly plinian and ignimbritic eruptions and the prevailing westerly wind field.
Although some tephras can be directly attributed to known TVZ eruptions, there are many more tephras represented within ODP-cores that have yet to be recognised in near-source on-land sequences. This is due to proximal source area erosion and/or deep burial as well as the adverse effect of vapour phase alteration and devitrification within near-source welded ignimbrites. Despite these difficulties, a number of key deep-sea tephras can be reliably correlated to equivalent-aged tephra exposed in uplifted marine back-arc successions of Wanganui Basin where an excellent chronology has been developed based on magnetostratigraphy, orbitally calibrated sedimentary cycles and isothermal plateau fission track ages on tephra. Significant Pleistocene tephra markers include: the Kawakawa, Omataroa, Rangitawa/Onepuhi, Kaukatea, Kidnappers-B, Potaka, Unit D/Ahuroa, Ongatiti, Rewa, Sub-Rewa, Pakihikura, Ototoka and Table Flat Tephras. Six other tephra layers are correlated between ODP-core sites but have yet to be recognised within onshore records.
The identification of Pleistocene TVZ-sourced tephras within the ODP record, and their correlation to Wanganui Basin and other onshore sites is a significant advance as it provides: (1) an even more detailed history of the TVZ than can be currently achieved from the near-source record, (2) a high-resolution tephrochronologic framework for future onshore-offshore paleoenvironmental reconstructions, and (3) well-dated tephra beds correlated from the offshore ODP sites with astronomically tuned timescales provide an opportunity to critically evaluate the chronostratigraphic framework for onshore Plio-Pleistocene sedimentary sequences (e.g. Wanganui Basin, cf. Naish et al. (1998, doi:10.1016/S0277-3791(97)00075-9).
Project(s):
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -41.592654 * Median Longitude: -175.288478 * South-bound Latitude: -46.579667 * West-bound Longitude: -178.166467 * North-bound Latitude: -39.498283 * East-bound Longitude: -171.499000
Date/Time Start: 1998-09-04T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1998-10-06T00:00:00
Event(s):
181-1122 * Latitude: -46.579667 * Longitude: -177.393633 * Date/Time Start: 1998-09-04T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1998-09-12T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4432.2 m * Penetration: 760.8 m * Recovery: 448.7 m * Location: South Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Leg181 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Composite Core (COMPCORE) * Comment: 82 cores; 760.8 m cored; 0 m drilled; 59% recovery
181-1123 * Latitude: -41.786000 * Longitude: -171.499000 * Date/Time Start: 1998-09-12T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1998-09-24T00:00:00 * Elevation: -3290.0 m * Penetration: 1279.9 m * Recovery: 899.5 m * Location: South Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Leg181 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Composite Core (COMPCORE) * Comment: 102 cores; 957 m cored; 322.9 m drilled; 94% recovery
181-1124 * Latitude: -39.498283 * Longitude: -176.531550 * Date/Time Start: 1998-09-24T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1998-10-01T00:00:00 * Elevation: -3966.8 m * Penetration: 648.1 m * Recovery: 585 m * Location: South Pacific Ocean * Campaign: Leg181 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Composite Core (COMPCORE) * Comment: 66 cores; 617.5 m cored; 30.6 m drilled; 94.7% recovery
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
3 datasets

Download Data

Download ZIP file containing all datasets as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Alloway, BV; Pillans, BJ; Carter, L et al. (2005): (Table A1) Major element glass compositions of key Pleistocene tephra layers from ODP181 sites. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.743489
  2. Alloway, BV; Pillans, BJ; Carter, L et al. (2010): (Table 1) Age determination of Pleistocene tephra of ODP Leg 181 sites. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.743491
  3. Alloway, BV; Pillans, BJ; Carter, L et al. (2005): (Table A2) Major element glass compositions of unnamed tephra layers correlated between ODP181 sites. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.743490