Citation:

bg-6-2207-2009

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and biological processes during experiments with spider crab Hyas araneus, 2009
Published: 2009
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Animalia; Arthropoda; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Hyas araneus; Laboratory experiment; North Atlantic; Single species; Temperate

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Abstract:

Future scenarios for the oceans project combined developments of CO2 accumulation and global warming and their impact on marine ecosystems. The synergistic impact of both factors was addressed by studying the effect of elevated CO2 concentrations on thermal tolerance of the cold-eurythermal spider crab Hyas araneus from the population around Helgoland. Here ambient temperatures characterize the southernmost distribution limit of this species. Animals were exposed to present day normocapnia (380 ppm CO2), CO2 levels expected towards 2100 (710 ppm) and beyond (3000 ppm). Heart rate and haemolymph PO2 (PeO2) were measured during progressive short term cooling from 10 to 0°C and during warming from 10 to 25°C. An increase of PeO2 occurred during cooling, the highest values being reached at 0°C under all three CO2 levels. Heart rate increased during warming until a critical temperature (Tc) was reached. The putative Tc under normocapnia was presumably >25°C, from where it fell to 23.5°C under 710 ppm and then 21.1°C under 3000 ppm. At the same time, thermal sensitivity, as seen in the Q10 values of heart rate, rose with increasing CO2concentration in the warmth. Our results suggest a narrowing of the thermal window of Hyas araneus under moderate increases in CO2 levels by exacerbation of the heat or cold induced oxygen and capacity limitation of thermal tolerance.

Keyword(s):

Animalia; Arthropoda; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Hyas araneus; Laboratory experiment; North Atlantic; Single species; Temperate

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Walther, Kathleen
2	Salinity	Sal		Walther, Kathleen
3	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Walther, Kathleen		Lower limit
4	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Walther, Kathleen		Higher limit
5	Light:Dark cycle	L:D	hh:hh	Walther, Kathleen	Measured
6	pH	pH		Walther, Kathleen	Calculated	NBS scale
7	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Walther, Kathleen	see reference(s)
8	Heart rate	heart rate	beat/min	Walther, Kathleen	Doppler perfusion monitor (LDPM PeriFlux System 5000, Perimed AB)	Lower limit
9	Heart rate	heart rate	beat/min	Walther, Kathleen	Doppler perfusion monitor (LDPM PeriFlux System 5000, Perimed AB)	Higher limit
10	Factor quantifying temperature dependent change of rates of processes	Q10		Walther, Kathleen	see reference(s)
11	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
12	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Walther, Kathleen	Calculated	Average. Used to calculate carbonate chemistry
13	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
14	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
16	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
19	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Walther, Kathleen	Calculated using CO2SYS
20	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Walther, Kathleen	Calculated using CO2SYS
21	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
22	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

396 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Exp treat	2 Sal	3 Temp [°C] (Lower limit)	4 Temp [°C] (Higher limit)	5 L:D [hh:hh] (Measured)	6 pH (NBS scale, Calculated)	7 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (see reference(s))	8 heart rate [beat/min] (Lower limit, Doppler perfusio...)	9 heart rate [beat/min] (Higher limit, Doppler perfusi...)	10 Q10 (see reference(s))	11 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	12 Temp [°C] (Average. Used to calculate ca...)	13 pH (Total scale, Calculated using...)	14 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	15 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	16 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	17 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	18 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	19 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	20 AT [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	21 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	22 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)
Normocapnia	32	0	10	12:12	8.0	380	37.82	47.80	1.26	29	5.0	7.90	20.11	380.62	379.08	1381.74	51.25	1453.1	1522.4	0.78	1.24
Normocapnia	32	0	6	12:12	8.0	380	37.82	44.26	1.30	29	3.0	7.90	21.69	381.42	379.83	1416.44	48.78	1486.9	1550.2	0.74	1.18
Normocapnia	32	6	10	12:12	8.0	380	44.26	47.80	1.21	29	8.0	7.89	18.10	380.52	379.04	1332.21	54.99	1405.3	1483.3	0.84	1.33
Normocapnia	32	10	25	12:12	8.0	380	47.39	51.19	1.05	29	17.5	7.88	13.37	379.49	378.17	1191.75	68.28	1273.4	1379.8	1.07	1.66
Normocapnia	32	0	25	12:12	8.0	380	37.82	51.19	1.13	29	12.5	7.89	15.57	379.52	378.13	1262.63	61.10	1339.3	1430.7	0.94	1.48
Normocapnia	32	6	25	12:12	8.0	380	44.26	51.19	1.08	29	15.5	7.88	14.19	379.61	378.26	1219.38	65.32	1298.9	1399.2	1.01	1.59
High pCO2	32	0	10	12:12	7.8	710	37.73	50.85	1.35	29	5.0	7.70	37.58	711.17	708.28	1628.90	38.12	1704.6	1730.1	0.58	0.92
High pCO2	32	0	6	12:12	7.8	710	37.73	42.27	1.21	29	3.0	7.70	40.48	711.97	709.00	1669.81	36.31	1746.6	1766.1	0.55	0.88
High pCO2	32	6	10	12:12	7.8	710	42.27	50.85	1.59	29	8.0	7.69	33.80	710.54	707.77	1570.47	40.93	1645.2	1679.3	0.62	0.99
High pCO2	32	10	24	12:12	7.8	710	48.90	61.67	1.19	29	16.8	7.68	25.53	709.66	707.19	1416.20	49.97	1491.7	1549.6	0.78	1.22
High pCO2	32	0	24	12:12	7.8	710	37.73	61.67	1.23	29	11.8	7.69	29.76	709.67	707.03	1500.83	44.70	1575.3	1619.9	0.69	1.08
High pCO2	32	6	24	12:12	7.8	710	42.27	61.67	1.24	29	14.8	7.68	27.10	709.73	707.19	1449.19	47.81	1524.1	1576.7	0.74	1.16
Very high pCO2	32	0	10	12:12	7.3	3000	36.73	48.52	1.32	29	5.0	7.20	158.54	3000.14	2987.97	2176.62	16.13	2351.3	2217.1	0.25	0.39
Very high pCO2	32	0	6	12:12	7.3	3000	36.73	35.79	0.96	29	3.0	7.20	170.65	3001.53	2989.03	2231.27	15.38	2417.3	2269.8	0.23	0.37
Very high pCO2	32	6	10	12:12	7.3	3000	35.79	48.52	2.14	29	8.0	7.19	142.70	2999.94	2988.25	2098.39	17.31	2258.4	2141.9	0.26	0.42
Very high pCO2	32	10	21	12:12	7.3	3000	52.49	62.52	1.17	29	15.6	7.18	111.77	2998.54	2987.93	1918.37	20.56	2050.7	1970.3	0.32	0.50
Very high pCO2	32	0	21	12:12	7.3	3000	36.73	62.52	1.29	29	10.6	7.19	130.79	2999.54	2988.23	2034.03	18.37	2183.2	2080.3	0.28	0.45
Very high pCO2	32	6	21	12:12	7.3	3000	35.79	62.52	1.45	29	13.6	7.18	118.84	2999.18	2988.30	1963.39	19.66	2101.9	2013.0	0.30	0.48