Citation:

j.jembe.2009.05.017

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and biological processes during experiments with four species of marine diatoms
Published: 2009
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Chromista; Eucampia zoodiacus; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Not applicable; Ochrophyta; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species; Skeletonema costatum; Thalassionema nitzschioides; Thalassiosira pseudonana

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Abstract:

The effect of pCO2 on carbon acquisition and intracellular assimilation was investigated in the three bloom-forming diatom species, Eucampia zodiacus (Ehrenberg), Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve, Thalassionema nitzschioides (Grunow) Mereschkowsky and the non-bloom-forming Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hust.) Hasle and Heimdal. In vivo activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA), photosynthetic O2 evolution, CO2 and HCO3? uptake rates were measured by membrane-inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) in cells acclimated to pCO2 levels of 370 and 800 ?atm. To investigate whether the cells operate a C4-like pathway, activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RubisCO) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) were measured at the mentioned pCO2 levels and a lower pCO2 level of 50 ?atm. In the bloom-forming species, extracellular CA activities strongly increased with decreasing CO2 supply while constantly low activities were obtained for T. pseudonana. Half-saturation concentrations (K1/2) for photosynthetic O2 evolution decreased with decreasing CO2 supply in the two bloom-forming species S. costatum and T. nitzschioides, but not in T. pseudonana and E. zodiacus. With the exception of S. costatum, maximum rates (Vmax) of photosynthesis remained constant in all investigated diatom species. Independent of the pCO2 level, PEPC activities were significantly lower than those for RubisCO, averaging generally less than 3%. All examined diatom species operate highly efficient CCMs under ambient and high pCO2, but differ strongly in the degree of regulation of individual components of the CCM such as Ci uptake kinetics and extracellular CA activities. The present data do not suggest C4 metabolism in the investigated species.

Keyword(s):

Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Chromista; Eucampia zoodiacus; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Not applicable; Ochrophyta; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Single species; Skeletonema costatum; Thalassionema nitzschioides; Thalassiosira pseudonana

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas (SPP1158)

Funding:

German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 5472008 : Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Trimborn, Scarlett
2	Species	Species		Trimborn, Scarlett
3	Salinity	Sal		Trimborn, Scarlett
4	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Trimborn, Scarlett
5	Light:Dark cycle	L:D	hh:hh	Trimborn, Scarlett
6	Radiation, photosynthetically active	PAR	µmol/m²/s	Trimborn, Scarlett
7	pH	pH		Trimborn, Scarlett	pH meter, WTW, pH 3000	NBS scale
8	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
9	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Trimborn, Scarlett	Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950)
10	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Trimborn, Scarlett	Calculated using CO2SYS
11	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Trimborn, Scarlett	Calculated using CO2SYS
12	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Trimborn, Scarlett	Calculated using CO2SYS
13	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
14	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
16	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
19	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
20	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
21	Extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity	eCA activity	U/µg Chl a	Trimborn, Scarlett	Measured by loss of 18O (Silverman, 1982)
22	Intracellular carbonic anhydrase activity per chlorophyll a	CA in activity	delta/µg	Trimborn, Scarlett	Measured by loss of 18O (Silverman, 1982)
23	Bicarbonate uptake	[HCO3]- upt	%	Trimborn, Scarlett	Calculated
24	Isotopic fractionation, during photosynthis	εp	‰	Trimborn, Scarlett	Calculated after Freeman & Hayes (1992)
25	Bicarbonate uptake	[HCO3]- upt	%	Trimborn, Scarlett	see reference(s)

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1263 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Exp treat	2 Species	3 Sal	4 Temp [°C]	5 L:D [hh:hh]	6 PAR [µmol/m²/s]	7 pH (NBS scale, pH meter, WTW, pH ...)	8 pH (Total scale, Calculated using...)	9 AT [µmol/kg] (Alkalinity, Gran titration (G...)	10 DIC [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	11 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	12 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using CO2SYS)	13 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	14 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	15 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	16 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	17 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	18 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	19 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	20 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	21 eCA activity [U/µg Chl a] (Measured by loss of 18O (Silv...)	22 CA in activity [delta/µg] (Measured by loss of 18O (Silv...)	23 [HCO3]- upt [%] (Calculated)	24 εp [‰] (Calculated after Freeman & Ha...)	25 [HCO3]- upt [%] (see reference(s))
Low pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.007
Low pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.008
Low pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.009
Low pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.016
Low pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.018
Low pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.021
Low pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.024
Low pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.033
Low pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.007
Low pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.010
Low pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.012
Low pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.027
Low pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.013
Low pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.058
Low pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	8.85	8.84	2297	1567	51	1.9	15	1.39	36.54	36.41	1062.18	503.43	7.81	12.23					0.062
Ambient pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52	945.9	12.11	72.51	9.22
Ambient pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.011
Ambient pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.012
Ambient pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.014
Ambient pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.020
Ambient pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.037
Ambient pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52	562.7	12.8	83.10	14.72
Ambient pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.007
Ambient pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.010
Ambient pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.014
Ambient pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.020
Ambient pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.033
Ambient pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.034
Ambient pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52	415.2	18.68	48.30	15.69
Ambient pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.007
Ambient pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.012
Ambient pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.013
Ambient pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.016
Ambient pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.029
Ambient pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.035
Ambient pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.037
Ambient pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52	120.4	15.92	46.00	9.95
Ambient pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.013
Ambient pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.021
Ambient pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.028
Ambient pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.031
Ambient pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	8.20	8.16	2317	2059	369	14.0	15	11.52	303.52	302.43	1861.36	186.12	2.89	4.52					0.049
High pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63	103.2	13.9	47.70	9.75
High pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.015
High pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.022
High pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.027
High pCO2	Eucampia zoodiacus	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.042
High pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63	130.2	15.5	43.90	12.00
High pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.008
High pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.011
High pCO2	Skeletonema costatum	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.015
High pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63	63.9	15.4	44.20	12.70
High pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.021
High pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.027
High pCO2	Thalassionema nitzschioides	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.040
High pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63	108.1	14.6	43.90	10.10
High pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.013
High pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.025
High pCO2	Thalassiosira pseudonana	32	15	16:08	200	7.90	7.88	2309	2176	803	31.0	15	23.91	629.97	627.73	2043.96	108.13	1.68	2.63					0.062