Citation:

j.1365-2486.2009.02113.x

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry, pigments and biological processes during experiments with coralline alga Corallina sessilis
Published: 2010-02-18
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Corallina sessilis; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Light; Macroalgae; North Pacific; Plantae; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Rhodophyta; Single species; Temperate

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Abstract:

Previous studies have shown that increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations affect calcification in some planktonic and macroalgal calcifiers due to the changed carbonate chemistry of seawater. However, little is known regarding how calcifying algae respond to solar UV radiation (UVR, UVA+UVB, 280-400 nm). UVR may act synergistically, antagonistically or independently with ocean acidification (high CO2/low pH of seawater) to affect their calcification processes. We cultured the articulated coralline alga Corallina sessilis Yendo at 380 ppmv (low) and 1000 ppmv (high) CO2 levels while exposing the alga to solar radiation treatments with or without UVR. The presence of UVR inhibited the growth, photosynthetic O2evolution and calcification rates by13%, 6% and 3% in the low and by 47%, 20% and 8% in the high CO2 concentrations, respectively, reflecting a synergistic effect of CO2 enrichment with UVR. UVR induced significant decline of pH in the CO2-enriched cultures. The contents of key photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll a and phycobiliproteins decreased, while UV-absorptivity increased under the highpCO2/low pH condition. Nevertheless, UV-induced inhibition of photosynthesis increased when the ratio of particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon decreased under the influence of CO2-acidified seawater, suggesting that the calcified layer played a UV-protective role. Both UVA and UVB negatively impacted photosynthesis and calcification, but the inhibition caused by UVB was about 2.5-2.6 times that caused by UVA. The results imply that coralline algae suffer from more damage caused by UVB as they calcify less and less with progressing ocean acidification.

Keyword(s):

Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Coast and continental shelf; Corallina sessilis; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Light; Macroalgae; North Pacific; Plantae; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Rhodophyta; Single species; Temperate

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Gao, Kunshan		PAR- only PAR radiation exposed, PAB- PAR, UVA and UVB radiation exposed
2	Date	Date		Gao, Kunshan
3	Experiment day	Exp day	day	Gao, Kunshan
4	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Gao, Kunshan		Lower level
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Gao, Kunshan		Higher level
6	Salinity	Sal		Gao, Kunshan
7	Radiation, photosynthetically active	PAR	µmol/m²/s	Gao, Kunshan	Radiometer (RM)
8	Nitrate	[NO3]-	µmol/l	Gao, Kunshan		Lower level
9	Nitrate	[NO3]-	µmol/l	Gao, Kunshan		Higher level
10	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Gao, Kunshan		Lower level
11	Phosphate	[PO4]3-	µmol/l	Gao, Kunshan		Higher level
12	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Gao, Kunshan	Infrared gas analyzer (CGT-7000)
13	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/l	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated, see reference(s)
14	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation	DIC std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
15	Bicarbonate	[HCO3]-	mmol/l	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated, see reference(s)
16	Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation	[HCO3]- std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
17	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/l	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated, see reference(s)
18	Carbonate ion, standard deviation	[CO3]2- std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
19	Alkalinity, total	AT	mmol(eq)/l	Gao, Kunshan	Measured using a pH method
20	Alkalinity, total, standard deviation	AT std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
21	pH	pH		Gao, Kunshan	pH meter (Mettler Toledo, USA)	NBS scale
22	pH, standard deviation	pH std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
23	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Gao, Kunshan	Calculated, see reference(s)
24	Calcite saturation state, standard deviation	Omega Cal std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
25	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Gao, Kunshan
26	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
27	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
28	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
29	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
30	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
31	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
32	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
33	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
34	Net photosynthesis rate	PN	µmol/mg/h	Gao, Kunshan	see reference(s)	Measured on days 10-11
35	Net photosynthesis rate, standard deviation	PN std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan		Measured on days 10-11
36	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate	Calc rate CaCO3	µmol/g/h	Gao, Kunshan	Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975)	Measured on days 10-11
37	Calcification rate, standard deviation	Calc rate std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan		Measured on days 10-11
38	Corallina sessilis, individual mass change	C. sessilis W chn	g	Gao, Kunshan	Measured
39	Corallina sessilis, individual mass change, standard deviation	C. sessilis W ch std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
40	Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio	PIC/POC		Gao, Kunshan	Calculated
41	Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation	PIC/POC ratio std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
42	Ultraviolet radiation-induced inhibition of photosynthesis	UVR-induced inhibition of PN	%	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated, see reference(s)	Measured on days 10-11
43	Ultraviolet radiation-induced inhibition of photosynthesis, standard deviation	UVR-induced inhibition of PN std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan		Measured on days 10-11
44	Ultraviolet radiation-induced inhibition of calcification	UVR-induced inhibition of G	%	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated, see reference(s)	Measured on days 10-11
45	Ultraviolet radiation-induced inhibition of calcification, standard deviation	UVR-induced inhibition of G std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan		Measured on days 10-11
46	Chlorophyll a per unit sediment mass	Chl a/sed	µg/g	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated, see reference(s)
47	Chlorophyll a, standard deviation	Chl a std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
48	Carotenoids	Carotenoids	µg/g	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated, see reference(s)
49	Carotenoids, standard deviation	Carotenoids std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
50	Phycoerythrin	Phycoe	µg/g	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated, see reference(s)
51	Phycoerythrin, standard deviation	Phycoe std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan
52	Ultraviolet absorbing compounds	UVAC	µg/g	Gao, Kunshan	Calculated, see reference(s)
53	Ultraviolet absorbing compounds, standard deviation	UVAC std dev	±	Gao, Kunshan

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

496 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Exp treat (PAR- only PAR radiation expos...)	2 Date	3 Exp day [day]	4 Temp [°C] (Lower level)	5 Temp [°C] (Higher level)	6 Sal	7 PAR [µmol/m²/s] (Radiometer)	8 [NO3]- [µmol/l] (Lower level)	9 [NO3]- [µmol/l] (Higher level)	10 [PO4]3- [µmol/l] (Lower level)	11 [PO4]3- [µmol/l] (Higher level)	12 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Infrared gas analyzer (CGT-7000))	13 DIC [µmol/l] (Calculated, see reference(s))	14 DIC std dev [±]	15 [HCO3]- [mmol/l] (Calculated, see reference(s))	16 [HCO3]- std dev [±]	17 [CO3]2- [µmol/l] (Calculated, see reference(s))	18 [CO3]2- std dev [±]	19 AT [mmol(eq)/l] (Measured using a pH method)	20 AT std dev [±]	21 pH (NBS scale, pH meter (Mettler ...)	22 pH std dev [±]	23 Omega Cal (Calculated, see reference(s))	24 Omega Cal std dev [±]	25 CSC flag	26 pH (Total scale, Calculated using...)	27 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	28 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	29 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	30 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	31 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	32 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	33 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	34 PN [µmol/mg/h] (Measured on days 10-11, see r...)	35 PN std dev [±] (Measured on days 10-11)	36 Calc rate CaCO3 [µmol/g/h] (Measured on days 10-11, Alkal...)	37 Calc rate std dev [±] (Measured on days 10-11)	38 C. sessilis W chn [g] (Measured)	39 C. sessilis W ch std dev [±]	40 PIC/POC (Calculated)	41 PIC/POC ratio std dev [±]	42 UVR-induced inhibition of PN [%] (Measured on days 10-11, Calcu...)	43 UVR-induced inhibition of PN std dev [±] (Measured on days 10-11)	44 UVR-induced inhibition of G [%] (Measured on days 10-11, Calcu...)	45 UVR-induced inhibition of G std dev [±] (Measured on days 10-11)	46 Chl a/sed [µg/g] (Calculated, see reference(s))	47 Chl a std dev [±]	48 Carotenoids [µg/g] (Calculated, see reference(s))	49 Carotenoids std dev [±]	50 Phycoe [µg/g] (Calculated, see reference(s))	51 Phycoe std dev [±]	52 UVAC [µg/g] (Calculated, see reference(s))	53 UVAC std dev [±]
PAR+pCO2=380	2007		23.1	25.5	34	395	41.8	43.9	0.3	0.5	380	2018	13	1.836	0.017	165	24	2.314	0.019	8.4	0.1	3.8	0.5	15	8.06	11.10	383.33	382.12	1756.21	205.71	3.27	4.98
PAR+pCO2=380	2007	0																																			0.500	0.020
PAR+pCO2=380	2007	6																																			0.591	0.021
PAR+pCO2=380	2007	12																																			0.612	0.023
PAR+pCO2=380	2007	15																															34300	2600
PAR+pCO2=380	2007	18																																			0.686	0.030
PAR+pCO2=380	2007	24																																			0.791	0.031
PAR+pCO2=380	2007	30																																			0.898	0.021	1.257	0.043
PAB+pCO2=380	2007		23.1	25.5	34	295	41.8	43.9	0.3	0.5	380	2043	14	1.855	0.018	171	19	2.317	0.061	8.3	0.1	3.9	0.4	15	8.02	12.39	427.98	426.62	1793.01	192.06	3.06	4.65
PAB+pCO2=380	2007	0																																			0.500	0.021
PAB+pCO2=380	2007	6																																			0.579	0.015
PAB+pCO2=380	2007	12																																			0.593	0.022
PAB+pCO2=380	2007	15
PAB+pCO2=380	2007	18																																			0.659	0.027
PAB+pCO2=380	2007	24																																			0.747	0.029
PAB+pCO2=380	2007	30																																			0.830	0.023	1.206	0.039
PAR+pCO2=1000	2007		23.1	25.5	34	395	41.8	43.9	0.3	0.5	1000	2228	11	2.111	0.025	85	8	2.312	0.089	7.9	0.1	1.9	0.2	15	7.59	38.02	1312.94	1308.78	2057.85	82.47	1.31	2.00
PAR+pCO2=1000	2007	0																																			0.500	0.021
PAR+pCO2=1000	2007	6																																			0.564	0.012
PAR+pCO2=1000	2007	12																																			0.549	0.021
PAR+pCO2=1000	2007	15																															23500	1800
PAR+pCO2=1000	2007	18																																			0.578	0.019
PAR+pCO2=1000	2007	24																																			0.629	0.020
PAR+pCO2=1000	2007	30																																			0.676	0.022	1.045	0.019
PAB+pCO2=1000	2007		23.1	25.5	34	295	41.8	43.9	0.3	0.5	1000	2252	18	2.128	0.023	92	21	2.318	0.049	7.8	0.0	2.1	0.5	15	7.54	43.40	1498.44	1493.68	2084.29	74.12	1.18	1.80
PAB+pCO2=1000	2007	0																																			0.500	0.020
PAB+pCO2=1000	2007	6																																			0.537	0.023
PAB+pCO2=1000	2007	12																																			0.524	0.021
PAB+pCO2=1000	2007	15
PAB+pCO2=1000	2007	18																																			0.550	0.024
PAB+pCO2=1000	2007	24																																			0.563	0.018
PAB+pCO2=1000	2007	30																																			0.581	0.021	0.904	0.011
PAR+pCO2=380	2008		22.8	26.6	34	395	41.8	43.9	0.3	0.5	380	2018	13	1.836	0.017	165	24	2.314	0.019	8.4	0.1	3.8	0.5	15	8.05	11.17	389.59	388.35	1756.19	205.89	3.28	4.99
PAR+pCO2=380	2008																																35300	1200	30.8	2.3					1.9	0.4	0.9	0.2
PAR+pCO2=380	2008	15																																							4.8	0.1
PAR+pCO2=380	2008	30																																											194.1	10.9	57.0	6.4	1245.5	8.5	1.8	0.1
PAB+pCO2=380	2008		22.8	26.6	34	295	41.8	43.9	0.3	0.5	380	2043	14	1.855	0.018	171	19	2.317	0.061	8.3	0.1	3.9	0.4	15	8.01	12.47	434.96	433.59	1793.00	192.23	3.06	4.66
PAB+pCO2=380	2008																																								4.8	0.9	2.1	0.3
PAB+pCO2=380	2008	15																																							6.6	0.2
PAB+pCO2=380	2008	30																																											188.7	9.6	54.7	6.4	1155.9	127.0	2.2	0.2
PAR+pCO2=1000	2008		22.8	26.6	34	395	41.8	43.9	0.3	0.5	1000	2228	11	2.111	0.025	85	8	2.312	0.089	7.9	0.1	1.9	0.2	15	7.58	38.20	1332.41	1328.20	2057.74	82.65	1.32	2.00
PAR+pCO2=1000	2008																																25700	600	22.9	3.1					3.1	0.4	1.3	0.0
PAR+pCO2=1000	2008	15
PAR+pCO2=1000	2008	30																																							18.0	1.0			157.9	12.2	61.4	8.5	607.5	14.6	2.4	0.2
PAB+pCO2=1000	2008		22.8	26.6	34	295	41.8	43.9	0.3	0.5	1000	2252	18	2.128	0.023	92	21	2.318	0.049	7.8	0.0	2.1	0.5	15	7.53	43.58	1520.09	1515.29	2084.16	74.32	1.18	1.80
PAB+pCO2=1000	2008																																								14.2	0.7	6.3	0.2
PAB+pCO2=1000	2008	15
PAB+pCO2=1000	2008	30																																							22.4	3.0			150.5	8.9	60.8	6.3	303.3	44.2	3.2	0.1