Citation:

meps261111

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry and processes during experiments with Emiliania huxleyi (TW1), 2003
Published: 2003
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Calcification/Dissolution; Chromista; Emiliania huxleyi; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Macro-nutrients; Not applicable; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Single species

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Abstract:

Precipitation of calcium carbonate by phytoplankton in the photic oceanic layer is an important process regulating the carbon cycling and the exchange of CO2 at the ocean-atmosphere interface. Previous experiments have demonstrated that, under nutrient-sufficient conditions, doubling the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in seawater-a likely scenario for the end of the century-can significantly decrease both the rate of calcification by coccolithophorids and the ratio of inorganic to organic carbon production. The present work investigates the effects of high pCO2 on calcification by the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Strain TW1) grown under nitrogen-limiting conditions, a situation that can also prevail in the ocean. Nitrogen limitation was achieved in NO3-limited continuous cultures renewed at the rate of 0.5 d-1 and exposed to a saturating light level. pCO2 was increased from 400 to 700 ppm and controlled by bubbling CO2-rich or CO2-free air into the cultures. The pCO2 shift has a rapid effect on cell physiology that occurs within 2 cell divisions subsequent to the perturbation. Net calcification rate (C) decreased by 25% and, in contrast to previous studies with N-replete cultures, gross community production (GCP) and dark community respiration (DCR) also decreased. These results suggest that increasing pCO2 has no noticeable effect on the calcification/photosynthesis ratio (C/P) when cells of E. huxleyi are NO3-limited.

Keyword(s):

Calcification/Dissolution; Chromista; Emiliania huxleyi; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Macro-nutrients; Not applicable; Pelagos; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Single species

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Coverage:

Date/Time Start: 2001-10-29T09:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2001-11-24T08:00:00

Event(s):

Sciandra_etal_03 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Experimental treatment	Exp treat		Sciandra, Antoine
2	DATE/TIME	Date/Time				Geocode
3	Experiment day	Exp day	day	Sciandra, Antoine
4	Salinity	Sal		Sciandra, Antoine
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Sciandra, Antoine
6	Radiation, photosynthetically active	PAR	µmol/m²/s	Sciandra, Antoine	Measured
7	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
8	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
9	Alkalinity, total	AT	mmol(eq)/l	Sciandra, Antoine	Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950)
10	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Sciandra, Antoine	Calculated	Original value in mEq/l, calculated using density
11	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
12	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
13	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Sciandra, Antoine	Measured
14	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
15	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
16	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
19	Calcification rate of calcium carbonate per algae cell	Calc rate CaCO3	pmol/#/day	Sciandra, Antoine	Calculated, see reference(s)
20	Particulate organic carbon production per cell	POC prod/cell	pg/#/day	Sciandra, Antoine	Element analyser CHN, LECO
21	Particulate inorganic carbon production per cell	PIC prod/cell	pg/#/day	Sciandra, Antoine	Calculated

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

941 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Exp treat	2 Date/Time	3 Exp day [day]	4 Sal	5 Temp [°C]	6 PAR [µmol/m²/s]	7 CSC flag	8 pH	9 AT [mmol(eq)/l]	10 AT [µmol/kg]	11 DIC [µmol/kg]	12 CO2 [µmol/kg]	13 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	14 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm]	15 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg]	16 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg]	17 Omega Arg	18 Omega Cal	19 Calc rate CaCO3 [pmol/#/day]	20 POC prod/cell [pg/#/day]	21 PIC prod/cell [pg/#/day]
Low to high pCO2	2001-10-29T09:00	-10	38.2	17	570			2.578
Low to high pCO2	2001-10-30T09:00	-9	38.2	17	570			2.589										0.198
Low to high pCO2	2001-10-31T09:00	-8	38.2	17	570			2.550										0.198
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-01T09:00	-7	38.2	17	570			2.579										0.202
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-02T09:00	-6	38.2	17	570	24	8.07	2.578	2507.5	2226.4	14.01	405.33	403.92	2010.43	201.91	3.04	4.70	0.188	2.53	2.29
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-03T09:05	-5	38.2	17	570	24	8.06	2.587	2516.1	2238.2	14.32	414.36	412.92	2023.78	200.14	3.02	4.66	0.179	2.57	2.02
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-04T09:10	-4	38.2	17	570	24	8.05	2.597	2526.1	2254.1	14.84	429.30	427.81	2042.50	196.76	2.97	4.58	0.167	2.38	2.15
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-05T08:00	-3	38.2	17	570	24	8.07	2.584	2513.7	2232.7	14.08	407.57	406.15	2016.59	202.03	3.05	4.71	0.220	2.59	2.12
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-06T08:00	-2	38.2	17	570	24	8.05	2.594	2523.4	2248.1	14.58	421.78	420.31	2034.76	198.75	3.00	4.63	0.156
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-07T08:00	-1	38.2	17	570	24	8.06	2.597	2526.1	2249.7	14.53	420.47	419.01	2035.64	199.55	3.01	4.65	0.219	2.59	2.35
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-08T08:00	0	38.2	17	570	24	7.88	2.582	2511.5	2327.4	23.05	667.14	664.82	2162.47	141.93	2.14	3.31	0.200	2.58	2.27
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-09T08:00	1	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.583	2513.1	2339.2	24.44	707.27	704.81	2178.88	135.91	2.05	3.17	0.195	2.58	2.10
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-10T08:00	2	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.586	2515.4	2340.4	24.32	703.89	701.44	2179.48	136.64	2.06	3.18	0.172	2.39	2.03
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-11T08:00	3	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.588	2517.8	2343.7	24.48	708.53	706.07	2183.00	136.18	2.05	3.17	0.172	2.38	2.12
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-12T08:00	4	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.578	2507.4	2334.6	24.49	708.79	706.33	2174.92	135.13	2.04	3.15	0.164	2.56	1.94
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-13T08:00	5	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.596	2525.1	2349.9	24.45	707.57	705.11	2188.37	137.04	2.07	3.19	0.158	2.25	2.04
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-14T08:00	6	38.2	17	570	24	7.85	2.545	2475.7	2306.6	24.49	708.57	706.11	2149.99	132.09	1.99	3.08	0.175	2.24	1.71
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-15T08:00	7	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.563	2492.8	2321.9	24.53	709.76	707.29	2163.81	133.57	2.01	3.11	0.120	2.29	1.54
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-16T08:00	8	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.564	2494.2	2322.9	24.49	708.72	706.26	2164.58	133.86	2.02	3.12	0.138	2.05	1.97
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-17T09:00	9	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.580	2509.9	2336.5	24.46	707.84	705.38	2176.57	135.51	2.04	3.16	0.153	2.31	2.10
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-18T09:00	10	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.552	2482.5	2312.0	24.41	706.42	703.96	2154.51	133.05	2.01	3.10	0.179	2.31	2.03
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-19T09:00	11	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.564	2494.3	2323.3	24.53	709.91	707.44	2165.08	133.70	2.02	3.11	0.142	2.22	2.04
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-20T09:00	12	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.559	2489.6	2319.0	24.51	709.32	706.85	2161.13	133.32	2.01	3.11	0.154	2.09	2.09
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-21T08:00	13	38.2	17	570	24	7.85	2.563	2492.8	2322.3	24.58	711.24	708.77	2164.33	133.35	2.01	3.11	0.143	2.07	1.99
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-22T08:00	14	38.2	17	570	24	7.86	2.560	2490.4	2319.4	24.47	708.06	705.60	2161.36	133.59	2.01	3.11	0.154	2.12	1.93
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-23T08:00	15	38.2	17	570	24	7.85	2.534	2464.8	2297.5	24.57	710.94	708.47	2142.25	130.70	1.97	3.04	0.157	2.15
Low to high pCO2	2001-11-24T08:00	16	38.2	17	570	24	7.83	2.504	2436.0	2277.2	25.34	733.15	730.60	2126.97	124.94	1.88	2.91	0.131
Low to low pCO2	2001-10-29T09:00	-10	38.2	17	580			2.578
Low to low pCO2	2001-10-30T09:00	-9	38.2	17	580			2.589										0.224
Low to low pCO2	2001-10-31T09:00	-8	38.2	17	580			2.550										0.185
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-01T09:00	-7	38.2	17	580			2.579										0.217
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-02T09:00	-6	38.2	17	580			2.578										0.202
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-03T09:05	-5	38.2	17	580	24	8.04	2.587	2516.1	2249.3	15.09	436.74	435.22	2041.04	193.13	2.91	4.50	0.175	2.64	2.30
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-04T09:10	-4	38.2	17	580	24	8.05	2.597	2526.1	2254.5	14.86	430.07	428.58	2043.08	196.52	2.96	4.58	0.195	2.56	2.34
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-05T08:00	-3	38.2	17	580	24	8.07	2.584	2513.7	2229.2	13.85	400.89	399.50	2011.07	204.27	3.08	4.76	0.204	2.66	2.23
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-06T08:00	-2	38.2	17	580	24	8.06	2.594	2523.4	2247.8	14.56	421.21	419.75	2034.31	198.94	3.00	4.63	0.177
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-07T08:00	-1	38.2	17	580	24	8.06	2.597	2526.1	2246.8	14.33	414.65	413.21	2031.00	201.43	3.04	4.69	0.193	2.60	2.40
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-08T08:00	0	38.2	17	580	24	8.09	2.582	2511.5	2218.4	13.28	384.40	383.06	1995.39	209.72	3.16	4.89	0.185	2.62	2.26
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-09T08:00	1	38.2	17	580	24	8.08	2.583	2513.1	2221.5	13.39	387.57	386.22	1999.25	208.82	3.15	4.86	0.189	2.53	2.32
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-10T08:00	2	38.2	17	580	24	8.09	2.586	2515.4	2220.6	13.22	382.59	381.26	1996.44	210.94	3.18	4.91	0.187	2.51	2.37
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-11T08:00	3	38.2	17	580	24	8.11	2.588	2517.8	2211.9	12.59	364.33	363.06	1981.15	218.13	3.29	5.08	0.208	2.79	2.22
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-12T08:00	4	38.2	17	580	24	8.08	2.578	2507.4	2220.4	13.63	394.39	393.02	2001.20	205.60	3.10	4.79	0.182	2.76	2.33
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-13T08:00	5	38.2	17	580	24	8.06	2.596	2525.1	2244.5	14.24	411.97	410.54	2028.10	202.16	3.05	4.71	0.209	2.64	2.62
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-14T08:00	6	38.2	17	580	24	8.07	2.545	2475.7	2196.7	13.79	399.20	397.81	1983.36	199.52	3.01	4.65	0.223	2.73	2.35
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-15T08:00	7	38.2	17	580	24	8.09	2.563	2492.8	2201.0	13.17	381.10	379.78	1979.60	208.21	3.14	4.85	0.197	2.84	2.17
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-16T08:00	8	38.2	17	580	24	8.06	2.564	2494.2	2220.9	14.38	416.22	414.77	2009.96	196.53	2.96	4.58	0.254	2.59	2.47
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-17T09:00	9	38.2	17	580	24	8.07	2.580	2509.9	2225.9	13.85	400.70	399.31	2008.28	203.80	3.07	4.75	0.260	2.87	2.38
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-18T09:00	10	38.2	17	580	24	8.07	2.552	2482.5	2203.3	13.87	401.23	399.84	1989.69	199.78	3.01	4.65	0.224	2.62	2.46
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-19T09:00	11	38.2	17	580	24	8.07	2.564	2494.3	2214.8	13.97	404.25	402.85	2000.41	200.43	3.02	4.67	0.194	2.62	2.31
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-20T09:00	12	38.2	17	580	24	8.07	2.559	2489.6	2208.9	13.84	400.61	399.22	1994.11	200.98	3.03	4.68	0.205	2.52	2.39
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-21T08:00	13	38.2	17	580	24	8.06	2.563	2492.8	2217.0	14.20	410.93	409.50	2004.74	198.03	2.99	4.61	0.191	2.45	2.47
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-22T08:00	14	38.2	17	580	24	8.06	2.560	2490.4	2214.5	14.16	409.90	408.48	2002.28	198.04	2.99	4.61	0.195	2.64	2.37
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-23T08:00	15	38.2	17	580	24	8.06	2.534	2464.8	2189.2	13.90	402.19	400.79	1978.23	197.02	2.97	4.59	0.207	2.88	2.23
Low to low pCO2	2001-11-24T08:00	16	38.2	17	580			2.504										0.196