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Grüger, Eberhard (1979): Pollen and macroremains from four profiles from site Samerberg 1 [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726866, Supplement to: Grüger, E (1979): Spätriß, Riß/Würm und Frühwürm am Samerberg in Oberbayern - ein vegetationsgeschichtlicher Beitrag zur Gliederung des Jungpleistozäns (Late Riss, Riss/Würm and Early Würm at Samerberg/Upper Bavaria - a pollen analytical contribution to the division of the Upper Pleistocene). Geologica Bavarica, 80, 5-64

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Abstract:
Pollen and macrofossil analysis of lake sediments revealed the complete development of vegetation from Riss late-glacial to early Würm glacial times at Samerberg (12°12' E, 47°45' N, 600 m a.s.l) on the northern border of the Alps. The pollen bearing sediments overlie three stratigraphic units, at the base a ground-moraine, then a 13 m thick layer of pollen free silt and clay, and then a younger moraine; all the sediments including the pollen bearing sediments, lie below the Würm moraine. The lake, which had developed in an older glacial basin, became extinct, when the ice of the river Inn glacier filled its basin during Würm full-glacial time at the latest.
One interglacial, three interstadials, and the interdigitating treeless periods were identified at Samerberg. Whereas the cold periods cannot be distinguished from one another pollenanalytically, the interglacial and the two older interstadials have distinctive characteristics.
A shrub phase with Juniperus initiated reforestation and was followed by a pine phase during the interglacial and each of the three interstadials. The further development of the interglacial vegetation proceeded with a phase when deciduous trees (mainly Quercus, oak) and hazel (Corylus) dominated, though spruce (Picea) was present at the same time in the area. A phase with abundant yew (Taxus) led to an apparently long lasting period with dominant spruce and fir (Abies) accompanied by some hornbeam (Carpinus).
The vegetational development shows the main characteristics of the Riss/Würm interglacial, though certain differences in the vegetational development in the northern alpine foreland are obvious. These differences may result from the existence of an altitudinal zonation of the vegetation in the vicinity of the site and are the expression of its position at the border of the Alps. A greater age (e.g. the Holsteinian) can be excluded by reason of the vegetational development, and is also not indicated at first sight from the geological and stratigraphical data of the site.
Characteristic of the Riss/Würm vegetational development in southern Germany - at least in the region between Lake Starnberg/Samerberg/Salzach - is the conspicuous yew phase. According to absolute pollen counts, yew not only displaced the deciduous species, but also displaced spruce preferentially, thus indicating climatic conditions less favourable for spruce, caused by mild winters (Ilex spreading!) and by short-term low precipitation, indicated by the reduced sedimentation rate.
The oldest interstadials is bipartite, as due to the climatic deterioration the early vegetational development, culminating in a spruce phase, had been interrupted by another expansion of pine. A younger spruce-dominated period with fir and perhaps also with hornbeam and beech (Fagus) followed. An identical climatic development has been reported from other European sites with long pollen sequences (see chapter 6.7). However, different tree species are found in the same time intervals in Middle Europe during Early Würm times.
Sediments of the last interglacial (Eem or Riss/Würm) have been found in all cases below the sediments of the bipartite interstadial, and in addition one more interstadial occurs in the overlying sediments. This proves that Eem and Riss/Würm of the north-european plain resp. of the alpine foreland are contemporaneous interglacials although this has been questioned by some authors.
The climax vegetation of the second interstadial was a spruce forest without fir and without more demanding deciduous tree species.
The vegetational development of the third interstadial is recorded fragmentary only. But it has been established that a spruce forest was present.
The oldest interstadial must correspond to the danish Brørup interstadial as it is expressed in northern Germany, the second one to the Odderade interstadial. A third Early Würm interstadial, preserved fragmentarily at Samerberg, is known from other sites. The dutch Amersfoort interstadial most likely is the equivalent to the older part of the bipartite danish Brørup interstadial.
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 47.751593 * Median Longitude: 12.201299 * South-bound Latitude: 47.751110 * West-bound Longitude: 12.200890 * North-bound Latitude: 47.751731 * East-bound Longitude: 12.201790
Date/Time Start: 1970-09-18T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1973-11-24T00:00:00
Event(s):
Fluderbach * Latitude: 47.751730 * Longitude: 12.201290 * Date/Time: 1970-09-18T00:00:00 * Elevation: 595.0 m * Location: Samerberg, Bavaria, Germany * Method/Device: Edelman auger (EDEA)
Fluderbach_C * Latitude: 47.751730 * Longitude: 12.201790 * Date/Time: 1972-10-02T00:00:00 * Elevation: 597.0 m * Location: Samerberg, Bavaria, Germany * Method/Device: Sampling by hand (HAND)
Fluderbach_I * Latitude: 47.751730 * Longitude: 12.201290 * Date/Time: 1970-09-18T00:00:00 * Elevation: 595.0 m * Location: Samerberg, Bavaria, Germany * Method/Device: Sampling by hand (HAND)
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 2) Carbon and nitrogen content of exposure Fluderbach C, Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726792
  2. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 1, Fig. 2) Macroremains from exposure Fluderbach C, Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726860
  3. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 2, upper part) Pollen profile from exposure Fluderbach C, Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726844
  4. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 2) Carbon and nitrogen content of exposure Fluderbach I, Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726793
  5. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 1, Fig. 2) Macroremains from exposure Fluderbach I, Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726859
  6. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 2, middle part) Pollen profile from exposure Fluderbach I, Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726845
  7. Grüger, E (1979): (Fig. 3) Pollen profile from exposure Fluderbach Ia, Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727046
  8. Grüger, E (1979): (Fig. 3) Pollen concentration profile from exposure Fluderbach Ia, Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.727045
  9. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 2, lower part) Pollen profile from sediment core Fluderbach, Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726840
  10. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 1, Fig. 2) Macroremains of the samples represented by the composite macroremains diagram from site Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726863
  11. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 1, Fig. 1) Complete pollen spectra of the samples represented by the composite pollen diagram from site Samerberg. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726837
  12. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 3) Carbon and nitrogen content of sediment core Samerberg 1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726794
  13. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 1, Fig. 2) Macroremains from sediment core Samerberg 1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726858
  14. Grüger, E (1979): (Enclosure 3) Pollen profile from sediment core Samerberg 1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726834