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Thomas, Ellen (2003): (Table DR1) Abundance of benthonic foraminifera in sediments from ODP Hole 113-690 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.724678, Supplement to: Thomas, E (2003): Extinction and food at the seafloor: A high-resolution benthic foraminiferal record across the initial Eocene thermal maximum, Southern Ocean site 690. GSA Special Paper: Causes and consequences of globally warm climates in the Early Paleogene, 319-332, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2369-8.319

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Abstract:
A mass extinction of deep-sea benthic foraminifera has been documented globally, coeval with the negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE) at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary, which was probably caused by dissociation of methane hydrate. A detailed record of benthic foraminiferal faunal change over ~30 k.y. across the carbon isotopic excursion at the Ocean Drilling Program Site 690 (Southern Ocean) shows that shortly before the CIE absolute benthic foraminiferal abundance at that site started to increase. 'Doomed species' began to decrease in abundance at the CIE by a few thousand years. After the extinction faunas were dominated by small species, which resemble opportunistic taxa under high-productivity regions in the present oceans. Calcareous nannofossils (primary producers), however, show a transition to more oligotrophic nannofloras exactly where the benthic faunas show the opposite. Plankton and benthos is thus decoupled. Possibly, a larger fraction of food particles reached the seafloor after the CIE, so that food for benthos increased although productivity declined. Enhanced organic preservation might have resulted from low-oxygen conditions caused by oxidation of methane. Alternatively, and speculatively, there was a food-source at the ocean floor. Benthic foraminifera dominating the post-extinction fauna resemble living species that symbiotically use chemosynthetic bacteria at cold seeps. During increased, diffuse methane escape from hydrates, sulfate-reducing bacteria could have produced sulfide used by chemosynthetic bacteria, which in turn were used by the benthic foraminifera, causing extinction by a change in food supply.
Project(s):
Coverage:
Latitude: -65.160667 * Longitude: 1.204867
Date/Time Start: 1987-01-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1987-01-23T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 170.415 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 170.745 m
Event(s):
113-690 * Latitude: -65.160667 * Longitude: 1.204867 * Date/Time Start: 1987-01-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1987-01-23T00:00:00 * Elevation: -2925.0 m * Penetration: 542.3 m * Recovery: 401.7 m * Location: South Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: Leg113 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Composite Core (COMPCORE) * Comment: 49 cores; 421.7 m cored; 0 m drilled; 95.3% recovery
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
Sample code/labelSample labelThomas, EllenDSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation
DEPTH, sediment/rockDepth sedmGeocode
AGEAgeka BPGeocode
Foraminifera, benthicForam benth#Thomas, Ellen
Number of speciesSpec No#Thomas, Ellen
Number of speciesSpec No#Thomas, Ellen100
Fishers alpha index of diversityFAIThomas, EllenCalculated
Foraminifera, benthicForam benth#/gThomas, Ellen
Abyssamina poagiA. poagi#Thomas, EllenCounting
10 Abyssamina quadrataA. quadrata#Thomas, EllenCounting
11 Alabamina cretaA. creta#Thomas, EllenCounting
12 Anomalinoides cf. acutusA. cf. acutus#Thomas, EllenCounting
13 Anomalinoides rubiginosusA. rubiginosus#Thomas, EllenCounting
14 Anomalinoides spissiformisA. spissiformis#Thomas, EllenCounting
15 Aragonia aragonensisA. aragonensis#Thomas, EllenCounting
16 Aragonia sp.Aragonia sp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
17 Astacolus spp.Astacolus spp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
18 Bolivinita sp.Bolivinita sp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
19 Bolivinoides cf. decoratusB. cf. decoratus#Thomas, EllenCounting
20 Bolivinoides decoratusB. decoratus#Thomas, EllenCounting
21 Bolivinoides delicatulusB. delicatulus#Thomas, EllenCounting
22 Bulimina kugleriB. kugleri#Thomas, EllenCounting
23 Bulimina midwayensisB. midwayensis#Thomas, EllenCounting
24 Bulimina simplexB. simplex#Thomas, EllenCounting
25 Bulimina thanetensisB. thanetensis#Thomas, EllenCounting
26 Bulimina trinitatensisB. trinitatensis#Thomas, EllenCounting
27 Buliminella beaumontiB. beaumonti#Thomas, EllenCounting
28 Cibicides variabilisC. variabilis#Thomas, EllenCounting
29 Clinapertina subplanispiraC. subplanispira#Thomas, EllenCounting
30 Coryphostoma sp.Coryphostoma sp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
31 Cyclammina sp.Cyclammina sp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
32 Dorothia oxyconaD. oxycona#Thomas, EllenCounting
33 Eilohedra weddellensisE. weddellensis#Thomas, EllenCounting
34 Fursenkoina pauciloculataF. pauciloculata#Thomas, EllenCounting
35 Fursenkoina tegulataF. tegulata#Thomas, EllenCounting
36 Gaudryina pyramidataG. pyramidata#Thomas, EllenCounting
37 Globobulimina sp.Globobulimina sp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
38 Gravellina narivaensisG. narivaensis#Thomas, EllenCounting
39 Gyroidinoides acutusG. acutus#Thomas, EllenCounting
40 Gyroidinoides depressusG. depressus#Thomas, EllenCounting
41 Gyroidinoides girardanaG. girardana#Thomas, EllenCounting
42 Gyroidinoides globosusG. globosus#Thomas, EllenCounting
43 Gyroidinoides beisseliG. beisseli#Thomas, EllenCounting
44 Gyroidinoides planulatusG. planulatus#Thomas, EllenCounting
45 Gyroidinoides soldaniiG. soldanii#Thomas, EllenCounting
46 Gyroidinoides subquadratusG. subquadratus#Thomas, EllenCounting
47 Heronallenia lingulataH. lingulata#Thomas, EllenCounting
48 Lenticulina macrodiscaL. macrodisca#Thomas, EllenCounting
49 Lenticulina spp.Lenticulina spp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
50 Lingulina sp.Lingulina sp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
51 Loxostomum sp.Loxostomum sp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
52 Marginulina spp.Marginulina spp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
53 Neoflabellina semireticulataN. semireticulata#Thomas, EllenCounting
54 Nonion havanenseN. havanense#Thomas, EllenCounting
55 Nonionella robustaN. robusta#Thomas, EllenCounting
56 Nuttallides truempyiN. truempyi#Thomas, EllenCounting
57 Nuttallides cf. truempyiN. cf. truempyi#Thomas, EllenCountinghigh
58 Nuttallides sp.Nuttallides sp.#Thomas, EllenCountingflat
59 Nuttallides umboniferaN. umbonifera#Thomas, EllenCounting
60 Oridorsalis umbonatusO. umbonatus#Thomas, EllenCounting
61 Pullenia coryelliP. coryelli#Thomas, EllenCounting
62 Pullenia jarvisiP. jarvisi#Thomas, EllenCounting
63 Pullenia quadrilobaP. quadriloba#Thomas, EllenCounting
64 Pullenia quinquelobaP. quinqueloba#Thomas, EllenCounting
65 Pyramidina ruditaP. rudita#Thomas, EllenCounting
66 Quadrimorphina allomorphinoidesQ. allomorphinoides#Thomas, EllenCounting
67 Quadrimorphina profundaQ. profunda#Thomas, EllenCounting
68 Ramulina spinulosaRamulina spinulosa#Thomas, EllenCounting
69 Rectobulimina carpentieraeR. carpentierae#Thomas, EllenCounting
70 Recurvoides sp.Recurvoides sp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
71 Rzehakina epigonaR. epigona#Thomas, EllenCounting
72 Rhizammina spp.Rhizammina spp.#Thomas, EllenCounting
73 Saracenaria italicaSaracenaria italica#Thomas, EllenCounting
74 Seabrookia rugosaS. rugosa#Thomas, EllenCounting
75 Siphogenerinoides brevispinosaS. brevispinosa#Thomas, EllenCounting
76 Siphogenerinoides cf. brevispinosaS. cf. brevispinosa#Thomas, EllenCounting
77 Spiroplectammina spectabilisS. spectabilis#Thomas, EllenCounting
78 Stensioeina beccariiformisS. beccariiformis#Thomas, EllenCounting
79 Stilostomella aculeataS. aculeata#Thomas, EllenCounting
80 Myllostomella fijiensisM. fijiensis#Thomas, EllenCounting
81 Siphonodosaria lepidulaS. lepidula#Thomas, EllenCountings.I.
82 Siphonodosaria hispidulaS. hispidula#Thomas, EllenCounting
83 Tappanina selmensisT. selmensis#Thomas, EllenCounting
84 Turrilina brevispiraT. brevispira#Thomas, EllenCounting
85 Unilocular taxaUnilocular taxa#Thomas, EllenCounting
86 Foraminifera, benthic, uniserialUniserial taxa#Thomas, EllenCountingagglutinant
87 Foraminifera, benthic, uniserial lagenidsUniserial lagenids#Thomas, EllenCounting
Size:
2040 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Sample label
(DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation)

Depth sed [m]

Age [ka BP]

Foram benth [#]

Spec No [#]

Spec No [#]
(100)

FAI
(Calculated)

Foram benth [#/g]

A. poagi [#]
(Counting)
10 
A. quadrata [#]
(Counting)
11 
A. creta [#]
(Counting)
12 
A. cf. acutus [#]
(Counting)
13 
A. rubiginosus [#]
(Counting)
14 
A. spissiformis [#]
(Counting)
15 
A. aragonensis [#]
(Counting)
16 
Aragonia sp. [#]
(Counting)
17 
Astacolus spp. [#]
(Counting)
18 
Bolivinita sp. [#]
(Counting)
19 
B. cf. decoratus [#]
(Counting)
20 
B. decoratus [#]
(Counting)
21 
B. delicatulus [#]
(Counting)
22 
B. kugleri [#]
(Counting)
23 
B. midwayensis [#]
(Counting)
24 
B. simplex [#]
(Counting)
25 
B. thanetensis [#]
(Counting)
26 
B. trinitatensis [#]
(Counting)
27 
B. beaumonti [#]
(Counting)
28 
C. variabilis [#]
(Counting)
29 
C. subplanispira [#]
(Counting)
30 
Coryphostoma sp. [#]
(Counting)
31 
Cyclammina sp. [#]
(Counting)
32 
D. oxycona [#]
(Counting)
33 
E. weddellensis [#]
(Counting)
34 
F. pauciloculata [#]
(Counting)
35 
F. tegulata [#]
(Counting)
36 
G. pyramidata [#]
(Counting)
37 
Globobulimina sp. [#]
(Counting)
38 
G. narivaensis [#]
(Counting)
39 
G. acutus [#]
(Counting)
40 
G. depressus [#]
(Counting)
41 
G. girardana [#]
(Counting)
42 
G. globosus [#]
(Counting)
43 
G. beisseli [#]
(Counting)
44 
G. planulatus [#]
(Counting)
45 
G. soldanii [#]
(Counting)
46 
G. subquadratus [#]
(Counting)
47 
H. lingulata [#]
(Counting)
48 
L. macrodisca [#]
(Counting)
49 
Lenticulina spp. [#]
(Counting)
50 
Lingulina sp. [#]
(Counting)
51 
Loxostomum sp. [#]
(Counting)
52 
Marginulina spp. [#]
(Counting)
53 
N. semireticulata [#]
(Counting)
54 
N. havanense [#]
(Counting)
55 
N. robusta [#]
(Counting)
56 
N. truempyi [#]
(Counting)
57 
N. cf. truempyi [#]
(high, Counting)
58 
Nuttallides sp. [#]
(flat, Counting)
59 
N. umbonifera [#]
(Counting)
60 
O. umbonatus [#]
(Counting)
61 
P. coryelli [#]
(Counting)
62 
P. jarvisi [#]
(Counting)
63 
P. quadriloba [#]
(Counting)
64 
P. quinqueloba [#]
(Counting)
65 
P. rudita [#]
(Counting)
66 
Q. allomorphinoides [#]
(Counting)
67 
Q. profunda [#]
(Counting)
68 
Ramulina spinulosa [#]
(Counting)
69 
R. carpentierae [#]
(Counting)
70 
Recurvoides sp. [#]
(Counting)
71 
R. epigona [#]
(Counting)
72 
Rhizammina spp. [#]
(Counting)
73 
Saracenaria italica [#]
(Counting)
74 
S. rugosa [#]
(Counting)
75 
S. brevispinosa [#]
(Counting)
76 
S. cf. brevispinosa [#]
(Counting)
77 
S. spectabilis [#]
(Counting)
78 
S. beccariiformis [#]
(Counting)
79 
S. aculeata [#]
(Counting)
80 
M. fijiensis [#]
(Counting)
81 
S. lepidula [#]
(s.I., Counting)
82 
S. hispidula [#]
(Counting)
83 
T. selmensis [#]
(Counting)
84 
T. brevispira [#]
(Counting)
85 
Unilocular taxa [#]
(Counting)
86 
Uniserial taxa [#]
(agglutinant, Counting)
87 
Uniserial lagenids [#]
(Counting)
113-690-19-3,51-52170.415549253173426111056679210210000035405308702000000600000500000000000013400080100000003000001248010080500105
113-690-19-3,53-54170.43554927327422912408755180000000051024122700011000700000400000011000003000050010000005000006600200113467309
113-690-19-3,55-56170.45554928328383411410004140201000032003115900000000230000400000000000002020020000000001200000227805200926345200
113-690-19-3,57-58170.47554930335362391675002120000100039033701120000000030000020000100010000216000000110000300000261010000210427008
113-690-19-3,59-60170.49554933321372310458570120210000055631514130000000020000010000000000000221101010000000300000231040000820164205
113-690-19-3,61-62170.51554935267312293814367000000003105120020000000062000000000000010000100002100020001200001251040000223105303
113-690-19-3,63-64170.535549383134931165216701612030001247116221200000001102000152001001200000120200110001000700000131050200017149407
113-690-19-3,65-66170.555549403253826126500011100030000368129068000000000200005000000100000030200200000000070000017119010041674804
113-690-19-3,67-68170.5755494330837221030800052601030000340426131400000000630010000000000200005001014000000009000002199000021095404
113-690-19-3,69-70170.59554945315412812225000260000000047012804191000000230000020003000010000213020020000040130000025590530052475407
113-690-19-3,70-71170.60554946299513917149500240000002041031731925010000000000001001100002001030232023300004060000010520402217501017
113-690-19-3,71-72170.615549483205640201333322000051000142417515210000000080000203000022410010102512034100000050000097001005141212017
113-690-19-3,72-73170.6255494940259362016080223200500003426232232600000010122000201010001300001706570360000000600000139004005241252012
113-690-19-3,73-74170.6355495034769442618263110206400002741163223610000010200000120010003300003017220130000100900000203101504213658013
113-690-19-3,74-75170.645549514045839182885752302430000280326830320000008060000130001001620000911324043100000030001119390500314417409
113-690-19-3,75-76170.65554951319644424625504303300001853123934010000104600021000102111010111018230411203000150000019331130051260219
113-690-19-3,76-77170.6655495230267452759220112050100214217384103000010001003400030004000007021410452100100010000192411300120525115
113-690-19-3,77-78170.67554952317734530446503401100000852101238201000004104000010100056000018121320283000000600000322001510016236023
113-690-19-3,78-80170.69054953314654625550903006500009017341900000010500300110120108900021301287041210000000000001520029004254010414
113-690-19-3,80-81170.705549543286240234773030129000017114206000000010100010031000010112100014318140870000000400000201402700814305022
113-690-19-3,81-82170.7155495431169412754561103140010970312420000002110200000000000132000015022210561000101400210339118000266111214
113-690-19-3,82-83170.725549553247340277043023213100201233120124100000003030010000301152003019019330111100020130100052601000016204120
113-690-19-3,83-84170.735549553387046274630030582002041421146360100013000000411101010030000122178908720000002000103016113004172010110
113-690-19-3,84-85170.745549563455939235379033213000003207215100000040160010001002010330010156182408100000000100000351401100022612020