Citation:

j.gca.2004.03.013

Name: Seawater carbonate chemistry, processes and elements during experiments with planktonic foraminifera Orbulina universa, 2004
Published: 2004
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Keywords: Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Chromista; Foraminifera; Growth/Morphology; Heterotrophic prokaryotes; Laboratory experiment; Not applicable; Open ocean; Orbulina universa; Pelagos; Single species; Temperate

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Abstract:

We investigate the sensitivity of U/Ca, Mg/Ca, and Sr/Ca to changes in seawater [CO3[2-]] and temperature in calcite produced by the two planktonic foraminifera species, Orbulina universa and Globigerina bulloides, in laboratory culture experiments. Our results demonstrate that at constant temperature, U/Ca in O. universa decreases by 25 +/- 7% per 100 µmol [CO3[2-]] kg**-1, as seawater [CO3[2-]] increases from 110 to 470 µmol kg**-1. Results from G. bulloides suggest a similar relationship, but U/Ca is consistently offset by ~+40% at the same environmental [CO3[2-]]. In O. universa, U/Ca is insensitive to temperature between 15°C and 25°C. Applying the O. universa relationship to three U/Ca records from a related species, Globigerinoides sacculifer, we estimate that Caribbean and tropical Atlantic [CO3[2-]] was 110 +/- 70 µmol kg**-1 and 80 +/- 40 µmol kg**-1 higher, respectively, during the last glacial period relative to the Holocene. This result is consistent with estimates of the glacial-interglacial change in surface water [CO3[2-]] based on both modeling and on boron isotope pH estimates. In settings where the addition of U by diagenetic processes is not a factor, down-core records of foraminiferal U/Ca have potential to provide information about changes in the ocean's carbonate concentration.

Keyword(s):

Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Chromista; Foraminifera; Growth/Morphology; Heterotrophic prokaryotes; Laboratory experiment; Not applicable; Open ocean; Orbulina universa; Pelagos; Single species; Temperate

Project(s):

European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS)

European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA)

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)

Funding:

Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), grant/award no. 211384 : European Project on Ocean Acidification

Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), grant/award no. 511106 : European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis

Event(s):

Russell_etal_04 * Method/Device: Experiment (EXP)

Comment:

In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	Sample ID	Sample ID		Russell, Ann D
2	Species	Species		Russell, Ann D
3	Radiation, photosynthetically active	PAR	µmol/m²/s	Russell, Ann D		Lower limit
4	Radiation, photosynthetically active	PAR	µmol/m²/s	Russell, Ann D		Higher limit
5	Carbonate system computation flag	CSC flag		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
6	Salinity	Sal		Russell, Ann D
7	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Russell, Ann D
8	pH	pH		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)	Total scale
9	Carbon dioxide	CO2	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
10	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	pCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
11	Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)	fCO2water_SST_wet	µatm	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
12	Bicarbonate ion	[HCO3]-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
13	Carbonate ion	[CO3]2-	µmol/kg	Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
14	Carbon, inorganic, dissolved	DIC	µmol/kg	Russell, Ann D	Coulometric titration
15	Alkalinity, total	AT	µmol/kg	Russell, Ann D	Potentiometric open-cell titration
16	Aragonite saturation state	Omega Arg		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
17	Calcite saturation state	Omega Cal		Nisumaa, Anne-Marin	Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)
18	Calcite, dissolved	Cal diss	µg	Russell, Ann D
19	Foraminifera, planktic, size average	Foram plankt size	µm	Russell, Ann D	Measured
20	Foraminifera, planktic, mass per shell	Foram plankt mass	µg	Russell, Ann D	Measured
21	Foraminifera, planktic, wall thickness	Foram plankt wall	µm	Russell, Ann D	Measured
22	Magnesium/Calcium ratio	Mg/Ca	mmol/mol	Russell, Ann D
23	Strontium/Calcium ratio	Sr/Ca	mmol/mol	Russell, Ann D
24	Uranium/Calcium ratio	U/Ca	nmol/mol	Russell, Ann D

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

1631 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Sample ID	2 Species	3 PAR [µmol/m²/s] (Lower limit)	4 PAR [µmol/m²/s] (Higher limit)	5 CSC flag (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	6 Sal	7 Temp [°C]	8 pH (Total scale, Calculated using...)	9 CO2 [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	10 pCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	11 fCO2water_SST_wet [µatm] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	12 [HCO3]- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	13 [CO3]2- [µmol/kg] (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	14 DIC [µmol/kg] (Coulometric titration)	15 AT [µmol/kg] (Potentiometric open-cell titr...)	16 Omega Arg (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	17 Omega Cal (Calculated using seacarb afte...)	18 Cal diss [µg]	19 Foram plankt size [µm] (Measured)	20 Foram plankt mass [µg] (Measured)	21 Foram plankt wall [µm] (Measured)	22 Mg/Ca [mmol/mol]	23 Sr/Ca [mmol/mol]	24 U/Ca [nmol/mol]
AR1-A	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.9	22	8.11	10.18	330.75	329.67	1747.86	213.47	1971.5	2273	3.36	5.16	19	493	18	10	5.82	1.27	17.2
AR1-B	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.9	22	8.11	10.18	330.75	329.67	1747.86	213.47	1971.5	2273	3.36	5.16	61	493	23	13	6.12	1.25	7.0
AR1-C	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.9	22	8.11	10.18	330.75	329.67	1747.86	213.47	1971.5	2273	3.36	5.16	58	522	27	14	8.23	1.31	14.6
AR1-D	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.9	22	8.11	10.18	330.75	329.67	1747.86	213.47	1971.5	2273	3.36	5.16	117	564	34	15	7.93	1.27	9.1
AR1-E	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.9	22	8.11	10.18	330.75	329.67	1747.86	213.47	1971.5	2273	3.36	5.16	58	640	38	13	6.98	1.23	9.9
AR1-3	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.9	22	8.11	10.18	330.75	329.67	1747.86	213.47	1971.5	2273	3.36	5.16	61	600	53	20	6.54	1.31	11.4
AR1-5	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.9	22	8.11	10.18	330.75	329.67	1747.86	213.47	1971.5	2273	3.36	5.16	62	667	73	23	7.03	1.25	9.6
AR3-A	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.8	22	8.28	6.54	212.29	211.60	1665.57	301.39	1973.5	2400	4.75	7.29	14	427	15	11	5.26	1.29	11.8
AR3-B	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.8	22	8.28	6.54	212.29	211.60	1665.57	301.39	1973.5	2400	4.75	7.29	32	467	35	16	5.34	1.30	8.3
AR3-C	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.8	22	8.28	6.54	212.29	211.60	1665.57	301.39	1973.5	2400	4.75	7.29	30	520	29	15	5.66	1.31	9.2
AR3-D	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.8	22	8.28	6.54	212.29	211.60	1665.57	301.39	1973.5	2400	4.75	7.29	124	568	33	14	7.27	1.31	7.9
AR3-E	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.8	22	8.28	6.54	212.29	211.60	1665.57	301.39	1973.5	2400	4.75	7.29	180	575	38	16	6.84	1.33	6.3
AR3-F	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.8	22	8.28	6.54	212.29	211.60	1665.57	301.39	1973.5	2400	4.75	7.29	231	573	43	18	5.95	1.31	6.3
AR3-H	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.8	22	8.28	6.54	212.29	211.60	1665.57	301.39	1973.5	2400	4.75	7.29	88	653	59	19	8.08	1.33	10.9
AR3-I	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.8	22	8.28	6.54	212.29	211.60	1665.57	301.39	1973.5	2400	4.75	7.29	71	634	69	24	7.67	1.33	9.2
AR4-A	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.6	22	8.43	4.46	144.85	144.37	1585.08	398.45	1988.0	2546	6.29	9.65	65	437	22	16	5.64	1.34	7.2
AR4-B	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.6	22	8.43	4.46	144.85	144.37	1585.08	398.45	1988.0	2546	6.29	9.65	136	477	28	17	6.65	1.38	5.9
AR4-C	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.6	22	8.43	4.46	144.85	144.37	1585.08	398.45	1988.0	2546	6.29	9.65	65	537	32	15	6.20	1.36	5.9
AR4-D	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.6	22	8.43	4.46	144.85	144.37	1585.08	398.45	1988.0	2546	6.29	9.65	34	540	37	18	6.93	1.38	9.0
AR4-E	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.6	22	8.43	4.46	144.85	144.37	1585.08	398.45	1988.0	2546	6.29	9.65	96	520	44	23	6.34	1.39	5.4
AR4-F	Orbulina universa	299	398	15	33.6	22	8.43	4.46	144.85	144.37	1585.08	398.45	1988.0	2546	6.29	9.65	53	609	61	23	6.74	1.35	6.9
AR5-A	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.6	22	8.53	3.42	110.88	110.51	1522.09	479.99	2005.5	2671	7.58	11.62	48	467	25	16	4.96	1.41	17.3
AR5-B	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.6	22	8.53	3.42	110.88	110.51	1522.09	479.99	2005.5	2671	7.58	11.62	21	506	36	20	5.46	1.39	6.2
AR5-C	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.6	22	8.53	3.42	110.88	110.51	1522.09	479.99	2005.5	2671	7.58	11.62	91	525	47	24	7.49	1.40	3.9
AR5-D	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.6	22	8.53	3.42	110.88	110.51	1522.09	479.99	2005.5	2671	7.58	11.62	143	565	55	24	7.65	1.43	5.2
AR5-E	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.6	22	8.53	3.42	110.88	110.51	1522.09	479.99	2005.5	2671	7.58	11.62	80	587	64	26	6.15	1.39	5.2
AR5-F	Orbulina universa	299	332	15	33.6	22	8.53	3.42	110.88	110.51	1522.09	479.99	2005.5	2671	7.58	11.62	79	627	94	35	6.38	1.28	6.5
BH1b	Orbulina universa	23	23	15	33.6	22	8.03	12.68	411.48	410.14	1805.36	181.96	2000.0	2253	2.87	4.41		461	20	10	5.23	1.22	4.1
BH1c	Orbulina universa	23	23	15	33.6	22	8.03	12.68	411.48	410.14	1805.36	181.96	2000.0	2253	2.87	4.41	39				9.75	1.36	6.2
BH1d	Orbulina universa	23	23	15	33.6	22	8.03	12.68	411.48	410.14	1805.36	181.96	2000.0	2253	2.87	4.41	28				5.50	1.22	5.3
BH1e	Orbulina universa	23	23	15	33.6	22	8.03	12.68	411.48	410.14	1805.36	181.96	2000.0	2253	2.87	4.41	18				8.07	1.26	3.5
BH3b	Orbulina universa	365	365	15	33.8	22	8.07	11.53	374.38	373.15	1785.15	196.33	1993.0	2268	3.10	4.75	34	481	24	12	10.50	1.25	20.6
BH3c	Orbulina universa	365	365	15	33.8	22	8.07	11.53	374.38	373.15	1785.15	196.33	1993.0	2268	3.10	4.75	27				10.10	1.28	14.2
BH3d	Orbulina universa	365	365	15	33.8	22	8.07	11.53	374.38	373.15	1785.15	196.33	1993.0	2268	3.10	4.75	6				7.63	1.19	10.8
BH6a	Orbulina universa	332	349	15	33.7	22	7.64	32.20	1045.32	1041.91	1856.88	75.92	1965.0	2047	1.20	1.84	48	491	29	14	9.69	1.29	10.6
BH6b	Orbulina universa	332	349	15	33.7	22	7.64	32.20	1045.32	1041.91	1856.88	75.92	1965.0	2047	1.20	1.84	28				4.96	1.18	9.6
BH6c	Orbulina universa	332	349	15	33.7	22	7.64	32.20	1045.32	1041.91	1856.88	75.92	1965.0	2047	1.20	1.84	38				9.10	1.24	12.6
BH2b	Orbulina universa	299	299	15	33.7	22	8.52	3.44	111.52	111.16	1506.90	468.67	1979.0	2632	7.39	11.34	32	536	35	14	11.60	1.32	8.5
BH2c	Orbulina universa	299	299	15	33.7	22	8.52	3.44	111.52	111.16	1506.90	468.67	1979.0	2632	7.39	11.34	38				6.38	1.26	10.2
BH2d	Orbulina universa	299	299	15	33.7	22	8.52	3.44	111.52	111.16	1506.90	468.67	1979.0	2632	7.39	11.34	39				6.32	1.25	6.6
BH2e	Orbulina universa	299	299	15	33.7	22	8.52	3.44	111.52	111.16	1506.90	468.67	1979.0	2632	7.39	11.34	31				10.19	1.36	6.5
BH5a	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	22	8.30	6.41	208.20	207.52	1678.95	311.64	1997.0	2436	4.92	7.54	86	559	48	19	14.40	1.45	5.8
BH5b	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	22	8.30	6.41	208.20	207.52	1678.95	311.64	1997.0	2436	4.92	7.54	41				8.03	1.29	6.9
BH5c	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	22	8.30	6.41	208.20	207.52	1678.95	311.64	1997.0	2436	4.92	7.54	29				5.75	1.29	4.5
BH5d	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	22	8.30	6.41	208.20	207.52	1678.95	311.64	1997.0	2436	4.92	7.54	30				7.61	1.37	4.6
BH4B	Orbulina universa	299	299	15	33.7	22	7.81	21.82	708.26	705.94	1846.39	110.79	1979.0	2122	1.75	2.68	55	536	44	19	6.33	1.36	5.0
BH4c	Orbulina universa	299	299	15	33.7	22	7.81	21.82	708.26	705.94	1846.39	110.79	1979.0	2122	1.75	2.68	53				6.35	1.40	3.9
BH4d	Orbulina universa	299	299	15	33.7	22	7.81	21.82	708.26	705.94	1846.39	110.79	1979.0	2122	1.75	2.68	29				8.21	1.41	5.1
BH4e	Orbulina universa	299	299	15	33.7	22	7.81	21.82	708.26	705.94	1846.39	110.79	1979.0	2122	1.75	2.68	50				6.94	1.42	2.9
AR6-T1	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.8	15	8.12	12.33	328.20	327.03	1837.20	173.97	2023.5	2268	2.68	4.18	15	418	13	7	3.35	1.23	17.3
AR6-T2	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.8	15	8.12	12.33	328.20	327.03	1837.20	173.97	2023.5	2268	2.68	4.18	22	369	15	11	3.86	1.24	10.1
AR6-T3	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.8	15	8.12	12.33	328.20	327.03	1837.20	173.97	2023.5	2268	2.68	4.18	33	391	18	12	3.49	1.24	8.9
AR6-T4	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.8	15	8.12	12.33	328.20	327.03	1837.20	173.97	2023.5	2268	2.68	4.18	31	467	32	18	3.49	1.24	8.9
AR27-T16	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	18	8.07	12.92	375.45	374.17	1833.22	172.86	2019.0	2260	2.69	4.16	20	527	28	11	5.19	1.25	15.7
AR27-T18	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	18	8.07	12.92	375.45	374.17	1833.22	172.86	2019.0	2260	2.69	4.16	30	447	23	13	4.20	1.25	8.7
AR27-T19	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	18	8.07	12.92	375.45	374.17	1833.22	172.86	2019.0	2260	2.69	4.16	34	453	24	13	4.92	1.29	8.6
AR27-T20	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	18	8.07	12.92	375.45	374.17	1833.22	172.86	2019.0	2260	2.69	4.16	22	481	28	14	4.80	1.27	6.9
AR27-T21	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	18	8.07	12.92	375.45	374.17	1833.22	172.86	2019.0	2260	2.69	4.16	21	467	30	16	6.61	1.34	9.6
AR27-T22	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	18	8.07	12.92	375.45	374.17	1833.22	172.86	2019.0	2260	2.69	4.16	44	517	46	17	3.94	1.25	7.7
AR27-T23	Orbulina universa	332	365	15	33.7	18	8.07	12.92	375.45	374.17	1833.22	172.86	2019.0	2260	2.69	4.16	42	477	35	19	5.49	1.28	7.7
AR12-T6	Orbulina universa	282	332	15	33.7	25	8.09	9.92	348.20	347.10	1719.29	222.29	1951.5	2265	3.55	5.41	6	447	16	7	7.65	1.26	20.7
AR12-T7	Orbulina universa	282	332	15	33.7	25	8.09	9.92	348.20	347.10	1719.29	222.29	1951.5	2265	3.55	5.41	33	547	27	10	8.31	1.28	13.5
AR10-12-T8	Orbulina universa	282	332	15	34.2	25	8.09	10.02	352.58	351.47	1722.03	222.45	1954.5	2269	3.55	5.39	9	534	28	12	10.70	1.33	13.4
AR10-T9	Orbulina universa	282	332	15	34.2	25	8.09	10.02	352.58	351.47	1722.03	222.45	1954.5	2269	3.55	5.39	24	567	35	13	9.33	1.33	8.6
AR12-T10	Orbulina universa	282	332	15	33.7	25	8.09	9.92	348.20	347.10	1719.29	222.29	1951.5	2265	3.55	5.41	58	534	33	14	11.40	1.35	12.4
AR12-T11	Orbulina universa	282	332	15	33.7	25	8.09	9.92	348.20	347.10	1719.29	222.29	1951.5	2265	3.55	5.41	61	494	29	14	8.82	1.30	8.5
AR10-12-T12	Orbulina universa	282	332	15	34.2	25	8.09	10.02	352.58	351.47	1722.03	222.45	1954.5	2269	3.55	5.39	17	500	30	14	10.60	1.29	17.4
AR12-T13	Orbulina universa	282	332	15	33.7	25	8.09	9.92	348.20	347.10	1719.29	222.29	1951.5	2265	3.55	5.41	24	554	37	15	8.60	1.31	9.2
AR12-T14	Orbulina universa	282	332	15	33.7	25	8.09	9.92	348.20	347.10	1719.29	222.29	1951.5	2265	3.55	5.41	63	514	33	15	10.70	1.29	6.3
AR12-T15	Orbulina universa	282	332	15	33.7	25	8.09	9.92	348.20	347.10	1719.29	222.29	1951.5	2265	3.55	5.41	25	540	36	15	9.94	1.32	7.3